| prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ixodes scapularis in a rural new jersey county. | to assess the potential risk for other tick-borne diseases, we collected 100 adult ixodes scapularis in hunterdon county, a rapidly developing rural county in lyme disease endemic western new jersey. we tested the ticks by polymerase chain reaction for borrelia burgdorferi, babesia microti, and the rickettsial agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge). fifty-five ticks were infected with at least one of the three pathogens: 43 with b. burgdorferi, five with b. microti, and 17 with the hge a ... | 1998 | 9452402 |
| geographic survey of vector ticks (ixodes scapularis and ixodes pacificus) for infection with the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi. | populations of adult ixodes scapularis and ixodes pacificus, the two principal vectors of lyme disease spirochetes in the united states, were collected from 17 sites in 12 states. female ticks were fed on experimental rabbits; ticks and rabbits were subsequently examined for infection with borrelia burgdorferi. fourteen rabbits were exposed to i. scapularis ticks from the northeastern states of connecticut, new york, new jersey, and maryland; all 14 rabbits became infected with b. burgdorferi. a ... | 1999 | 10436883 |
| a relapsing fever group spirochete transmitted by ixodes scapularis ticks. | a species of borrelia spirochetes previously unknown from north america has been found to be transmitted by ixodes scapularis ticks. infected ticks are positive for borrelia spp. by dfa test but negative for borrelia burgdorferi by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using species-specific primers for 16s rdna, outer surface protein a, outer surface protein c, and flagellin genes. a 1,347-bp portion of 16s rdna was amplified from a pool of infected nymphs, sequenced, and compared with the homologous ... | 2001 | 12653133 |
| epidemiology and impact of coinfections acquired from ixodes ticks. | ixodes scapularis and other ticks in the ixodes ricinus complex may transmit multiple pathogens, but research on coinfections has been limited. coinfections occur with varying frequency in ticks, but single infections are more common than dual infections. the proportion of i. scapularis or i. ricinus ticks coinfected with both borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and anaplasma phagocytophila is generally low, ranging from < 1% to 6% in six geographic areas. a higher prevalence of tick coinfection (26 ... | 2002 | 12804168 |
| real-time pcr for simultaneous detection and quantification of borrelia burgdorferi in field-collected ixodes scapularis ticks from the northeastern united states. | the density of spirochetes in field-collected or experimentally infected ticks is estimated mainly by assays based on microscopy. in this study, a real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) protocol targeting the borrelia burgdorferi-specific reca gene was adapted for use with a lightcycler for rapid detection and quantification of the lyme disease spirochete, b. burgdorferi, in field-collected ixodes scapularis ticks. the sensitivity of qpcr for detection of b. burgdorferi dna in infected ticks was comp ... | 2003 | 12902243 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi (spirochaetales: spirochaetaceae) in ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) adults in new jersey, 2000-2001. | using polymerase chain reaction, we analyzed 529 ixodes scapularis say adults collected from 16 of new jersey's 21 counties for the presence of borrelia burgdorferi, the etiological agent of lyme disease. overall, 261 (49.3%) were positive. b. burgdorferi was detected in ticks obtained from each county and from 53 of the 58 (93.1%) municipalities surveyed. the observed statewide prevalence in new jersey is similar to those reported from other northeastern and mid-atlantic states. | 2003 | 14680126 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi, bartonella spp., babesia microti, and anaplasma phagocytophila in ixodes scapularis ticks collected in northern new jersey. | pcr analysis of ixodes scapularis ticks collected in new jersey identified infections with borrelia burgdorferi (33.6%), babesia microti (8.4%), anaplasma phagocytophila (1.9%), and bartonella spp. (34.5%). the i. scapularis tick is a potential pathogen vector that can cause coinfection and contribute to the variety of clinical responses noted in some tick-borne disease patients. | 2004 | 15184475 |
| three multiplex assays for detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and borrelia miyamotoi sensu lato in field-collected ixodes nymphs in north america. | two hundred fifty new jersey field-collected ixodes scapularis say ticks and 17 colorado ixodes spinipalpis hadwen & nuttall ticks were tested using three separate multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays. one assay targets the rrs-rrla igs region of borrelia spp. to detect borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) and borrelia miyamotoi s.l. the second assay targets the ospa region of b. burgdorferi s.l. to detect b. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), borrelia bissettii, and borre ... | 2005 | 16465748 |
| strategies for reducing the risk of lyme borreliosis in north america. | the incidence of lyme borreliosis continues to increase in the united states. in 1991, when lyme borreliosis first became a nationally reportable disease to the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc), a total of 9470 cases were reported; in contrast, by 2002 a total of 23,763 cases were reported, >2.5x the total in 1991. area-wide acaricides can be highly effective in killing nymphal ixodes scapularis, with >95% of nymphs killed in studies using cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, or carbaryl. t ... | 2006 | 16524769 |
| distribution and characterization of borrelia burgdorferi isolates from ixodes scapularis and presence in mammalian hosts in ontario, canada. | the blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis say (acari: ixodidae), has a wide geographical distribution in ontario, canada, with a detected range extending at least as far north as the 50th parallel. our data of 591 adult i. scapularis submissions collected from domestic animals (canines, felines, and equines) and humans during a 10-yr period (1993-2002) discloses a monthly questing activity in ontario that peaks in may and october. the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi johnson, schmidt, ... | 2006 | 16892637 |
| surveillance for lyme disease--united states, 1992-2006. | lyme disease is a multisystem disease that occurs in north america, europe, and asia. in the united states, the etiologic agent is borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, a spirochete transmitted to humans by infected ixodes scapularis and i. pacificus ticks. the majority of patients with lyme disease develop a characteristic rash, erythema migrans (em), accompanied by symptoms of fever, malaise, fatigue, headache, myalgia, or arthralgia. other manifestations of infection can include arthritis, card ... | 2008 | 18830214 |