| lyme disease spirochetes in japan: enzootic transmission cycles in birds, rodents, and ixodes persulcatus ticks. | the ixodid tick, ixodes persulcatus, serves as a vector of borrelia species associated with lyme disease in hokkaido, japan. the migratory birds of genera emberiza and turdus and the woodland rodents of genera apodemus and clethrionomys are the wildlife reservoirs. to systemize the enzootic transmission cycles, borreliae isolates were classified by ribosomal rna gene restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. most (> 60%) isolates from the bird-feeding i. persulcatus larvae belong ... | 1994 | 7930730 |
| prevalence of lyme borreliosis spirochetes in ixodid ticks of japan, with special reference to a new potential vector, ixodes ovatus (acari: ixodidae). | to determine the vectors of lyme borreliosis in japan, the ixodid ticks taken in hokkaido, fukushima, nagano, ehime, and kochi prefectures were examined individually for spirochetal infections by culturing their midgut tissues in bsk medium. the cultivable spirochetes identified as borrelia burgdorferi were detected in ixodes persulcatus schulze adults (15.5% of 634), nymph (6.7% of 15) and ixodes ovatus neumann adult (9.6% of 188) from hokkaido, i. ovatus adults (25.5% of 47) from fukushima, an ... | 1992 | 1495032 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in an endemic environment: wild sika deer (cervus nippon yesoensis) with infected ticks and antibodies. | ticks and blood samples were collected from wild sika deer (cervus nippon yesoensis) during a hunting season (august to october) of 1991 at a selected location in hokkaido, japan. ixodes persulcatus (adult and nymph) and i. ovatus (adult) were the common ticks on sika deer. spirochetes were detected in the midgut of the ticks by the indirect peroxidase-conjugated antibody staining method and by dark-field microscopy after cultivation. by the reactive pattern of monoclonal antibodies, isolates we ... | 1996 | 8871523 |
| genetic diversity and the absence of regional differences of borrelia garinii as demonstrated by ospa and ospb gene sequence analysis. | unfed adult ixodes persulcatus ticks were collected from four locations of nagano and hokkaido in japan. infected borrelia garinii were investigated by pcr-rflp of the ospa and ospb gene sequences. the primer set amplified an approximately 1.6-kb dna fragment (0.7-kb in some strains), and bsri, bstyi, or nlaiii digestion of the product resulted in six distinctively different pcr-rflp groups and two independent borrelial strains. the representatives in each pcr-rflp group and individuals from the ... | 1999 | 10656177 |
| antigenic and genetic characterization of borrelia species isolated from ixodes persulcatus in hokkaido, japan. | ten characteristic strains of spirochetes (ht2, ht7, ht10, ht15, ht17, ht19, ht20, ht22, ht32, and ht59) isolated from ixodes persulcatus adult ticks in hokkaido, japan, were selected and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. the protein profiles of the borrelial isolates were variable and markedly different from that of the type strain borrelia burgdorferi b31. the 41-kda flagellin protein was present ... | 1993 | 8501250 |
| antigenic properties of borrelia burgdorferi isolated from ixodes ovatus and ixodes persulcatus in hokkaido, japan. | spirochete strains hp3 and ho14, isolated from ixodes persulcatus and i. ovatus in hokkaido in 1989, were the first isolates of borrelia burgdorferi, the etiological agent of lyme disease, to be recognized in japan. antigenic properties of the japanese strains were compared with those of the strains isolated in the united states (b31 and 297) and europe (irs, p/gau, p/bi, 2/b45, and 3/b56) by western blotting (immunoblotting), by using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against strains b31 and p/bi. t ... | 1991 | 1761676 |
| detection of borrelia garinii, borrelia tanukii and borrelia sp. closely related to borrelia valaisiana in ixodes ticks removed from dogs and cats in japan. | ticks removed from 1136 dogs and 134 cats all over japan were examined for borrelia infection by pcr and sequencing. the 5s-23s rdna intergenic spacer of borrelia was detected from two ixodes persulcatus ticks from two dogs and two unidentified ixodes spp. from another two dogs in hokkaido, and two ixodes granulatus ticks from two cats in okinawa. additional 2 i. granulatus from the same cats also showed positive. sequence analysis of the pcr products revealed that the one from hokkaido was simi ... | 2007 | 17049744 |
| comparison of borrelia burgdorferi isolated from humans and ixodid ticks in hokkaido, japan. | four spirochetal isolates (jem1 to jem4) were obtained from cutaneous lesions of patients manifesting erythema chronicum migrans in hokkaido, japan. in the protein profiles by sds-page and the reactivities with monoclonal antibodies (h5332 and h9724) by immunoblotting, all the human isolates were identical with the tick isolates from ixodes persulcatus. these data indicate that i. persulcatus is an important vector of lyme disease for humans in japan. | 1992 | 1283437 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibiotic susceptibility of lyme disease borrelia isolated from the ixodid tick in japan. | antimicrobial susceptibility of the lyme disease borrelia, strain hp1 vi, isolated from the tick ixodes persulcatus in hokkaido, japan, was determined in vitro and in vivo. a broth dilution technique was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) and minimum borreliacidal concentrations (mbcs) of five antimicrobial agents. strain hp1 vi was most susceptible to minocycline (mbc, 0.2 micrograms/ml). the other antimicrobial agents tested, aspoxicillin, cefmetazole sodium, imipen ... | 1995 | 8648001 |
| a phylogenetic analysis of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates associated with lyme disease in japan by flagellin gene sequence determination. | we determined nearly complete flagellin gene sequences for borrelia burdgdorferi sensu lato isolates (11 isolates obtained from ixodes persulcatus ticks and patients in hokkaido, japan, and 1 european isolate) representing six different restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) ribotype groups following cloning of the pcr-amplified genes. these sequences were aligned with those of representatives of the three borrelia species associated with lyme disease, and a phylogenetic tree was constr ... | 1996 | 8934900 |
| canine lyme disease: clinical and serological evaluations in 21 dogs in japan. | of 21 dogs from sapporo, hokkaido that had been recognised as having been bitten by ticks, 16 were seropositive to borrelia burgdorferi by elisa. thirteen of the seropositive dogs showed signs such as fever, astasia, convulsions, anorexia, fatigue, abnormal gait, nervous signs, diarrhoea, corneal opacity and conjunctivitis. these signs subsided as a result of antibiotic treatment within five days. the plasma concentrations of creatinine in the 21 dogs were higher than in control dogs. seven tick ... | 1994 | 8009799 |