| evaluation of the concomitant use of two different eia tests for hiv screening in blood banks. | in 1998, the brazilian ministry of health made it mandatory for all blood banks in the country to screen donated blood for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) concomitantly using two different enzyme immunoassay (eia) tests. concerned with the best use of available resources, our objective with this study was to evaluate the usefulness of conducting two eia screening tests instead of just one. | 2003 | 12744793 |
| rubella immunization in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children: cause for concern in vaccination strategies. | hiv infection can have important although sometimes unexpected consequences, such as contributing to enlargement of the pool of rubella-susceptible children. | 2004 | 15247596 |
| [hiv and hepatitis b virus co-infection: prevalence and risk factors]. | the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of hepatitis b virus and possible risk factors for this disease in 401 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, followed at the university hospital of the ribeirão preto medical school, são paulo state university. each participant was submitted to a specific questionnaire and had a blood sample tested for the serologic markers hbsag, total anti-hbcag, anti-hbsag and anti-hcv, using elisa technique. the overall prevalence of ... | 2004 | 15361955 |
| trichophyton rubrum isolated from aids and human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in são paulo, brazil: antifungal susceptibility and extracellular enzyme production. | in order to identify intraspecific variations in trichophyton rubrum and to correlate them to the immunological status of the host, sixty strains isolated from aids, hiv-positive and hiv-negative patients were compared for the production of extracellular enzymes and for their susceptibility to several antifungal drugs. | 2005 | 15722629 |
| duplication of peri-kappab and nf-kappab sites of the first human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (hiv-2) transmission in brazil. | after the identification of hiv-2 in 1986, most of the cases reported have been concentrated in west africa. we identified a case of hiv-2 infection in são paulo, brazil of a 45-year-old female who presented with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, with a cd4 count of 22 cells/ml. dna samples from this patient were subjected to end-point pcr amplification of the ltr region. clones were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analyses. all clones were subtype a related, and four presented an insertio ... | 2005 | 16386115 |
| oral lesions in brazilian hiv-infected children undergoing haart. | the advent of new antiretroviral drugs such as protease inhibitors (pi) has generated sensible changes in oral manifestation patterns in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected adult patients. | 2006 | 16406081 |
| clinical and epidemiological aspects of htlv-ii infection in são paulo, brazil: presence of tropical spastic paraparesis/htlv-associated myelopathy (tsp/ham) simile diagnosis in hiv-1-co-infected subjects. | in this study, the epidemiological and clinical features observed in solely htlv-ii-infected individuals were compared to those in patients co-infected with hiv-1. a total of 380 subjects attended at the htlv out-patient clinic in the institute of infectious diseases "emilio ribas" (iier), são paulo, brazil, were evaluated every 3-6 months for the last seven years by infectious disease specialists and neurologists. using a testing algorithm that employs the enzyme immuno assay, western blot and ... | 2006 | 17119676 |
| risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus infection among blood donors in sao paulo, brazil, and their relevance to current donor deferral criteria. | the objective of this study was to investigate risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seropositive blood donors in brazil and to determine if current donor deferral criteria are appropriate. | 2007 | 17381618 |
| low dna htlv-2 proviral load among women in são paulo city. | htlv-2 infections are almost always asymptomatic, and diseases associated with the infection are rarely reported. little information is available on the relationship between htlv-2 proviral load and gender or expression of disease, especially among patients with hiv-1 co-infection. | 2008 | 18343520 |
| profile of blood donors with serologic tests reactive for the presence of syphilis in são paulo, brazil. | syphilis screening of blood donors is a common practice worldwide, but very little is known about the meaning of a positive serologic test for syphilis in blood donors and the risk profile of these donors. the aim of this study was to determine the demographic characteristics and risk behaviors of blood donors with recent and past syphilis and their implications for blood bank testing and deferral strategies. | 2009 | 19040599 |
| near full-length genome analysis of low prevalent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subclade f1 in são paulo, brazil. | the genetic diversity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) is critical to lay the groundwork for the design of successful drugs or vaccine. in this study we aimed to characterize and define the molecular prevalence of hiv-1 subclade f1 currently circulating in são paulo, brazil. | 2009 | 19531216 |
| hiv type 1 diversity from newly diagnosed patients in santos metropolitan area/brazil. | hiv-1 from infected subjects has been characterized in order to provide a more accurate view of the strains that are currently found in a given region. in this report, we focused on characterizing the pol gene diversity obtained from newly diagnosed patients in santos metropolitan area, brazil. this region is composed of nine cities and an international port. analysis of the 33 samples revealed that 22 strains belonged to subtype b, 4 to subtype f, and 2 to subtype c; 5 strains were b/f recombin ... | 2009 | 19689200 |
| characterization and frequency of a newly identified hiv-1 bf1 intersubtype circulating recombinant form in são paulo, brazil. | hiv circulating recombinant forms (crfs) play an important role in the global and regional hiv epidemics, particularly in regions where multiple subtypes are circulating. to date, several (>40) crfs are recognized worldwide with five currently circulating in brazil. here, we report the characterization of near full-length genome sequences (nflg) of six phylogenetically related hiv-1 bf1 intersubtype recombinants (five from this study and one from other published sequences) representing crf46_bf1 ... | 2010 | 20398371 |
| performance of parallel screening of brazilian blood donors with two human immunodeficiency virus immunoassays: implications for sequential immunoassay testing algorithms in other countries. | in brazil it is mandatory to screen donors for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies using two immunoassays (ias) in parallel. confirmatory testing is performed only on reactive donors who return for counseling. the goal of this analysis was to determine if concordant ia reactivity accurately predicts infection and can be used for hiv incidence and/or prevalence analyses. | 2011 | 20633245 |
| the experience of infectologists faced with death and dying among their patients over the course of the aids epidemic in the city of são paulo: qualitative study. | with the emergence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in 1981, infectologists' care practices went through great changes. the objective of this study was to describe and analyze the experiences of infectologists in dealing with death and dying among their patients, over the course of the aids epidemic in the city of são paulo. | 2010 | 20676573 |
| prevalence, incidence density, and genotype distribution of gb virus c infection in a cohort of recently hiv-1-infected subjects in sao paulo, brazil. | the results of previous studies elsewhere have indicated that gb virus c (gbv-c) infection is frequent in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) due to similar transmission routes of both viruses. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, incidence density and genotypic characteristics of gbv-c in this population. | 2011 | 21483671 |
| Characterization of partial and near full-length genomes of HIV-1 strains sampled from recently infected individuals in São Paulo, Brazil. | Genetic variability is a major feature of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and is considered the key factor frustrating efforts to halt the HIV epidemic. A proper understanding of HIV-1 genomic diversity is a fundamental prerequisite for proper epidemiology, genetic diagnosis, and successful drugs and vaccines design. Here, we report on the partial and near full-length genomic (NFLG) variability of HIV-1 isolates from a well-characterized cohort of recently infected patients in São Pa ... | 2011 | 22022460 |