| behavioral risk factors and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) prevalence among intravenous drug users in puerto rico. | this study reports on four empirical models likely to contribute to understanding the behaviors linked with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among intravenous drug users. the sample comprises 1,637 intravenous drug users recruited between may 1989 and june 1990 in san juan, puerto rico. adjusting for sociodemographics, four logistic regression models were constructed to assess the association of risk behaviors with hiv seropositivity. in model 1, the variables found to be significantly associa ... | 1992 | 1570819 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b, hepatitis c, and human immunodeficiency virus infection among women attending prenatal clinics in san juan, puerto rico, from 1989-1990. | to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among pregnant women in puerto rico. | 1995 | 7528370 |
| the effectiveness of video-based interventions in promoting condom acquisition among std clinic patients. | this study examined the effectiveness of video-based patient education interventions on promoting condom use among men and women seeking services at a large public std clinic in new york city. | 1995 | 7624818 |
| the utility of iga antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in early diagnosis of vertically transmitted infection. national institute of allergy and infectious diseases and national institute of child health and human development women and infants transmission study group. | to determine the sensitivity and specificity of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) iga in identifying infected infants at or before 6 months of age among the offspring of hiv-infected mothers. | 1996 | 8646309 |
| hiv risk behaviors and obstacles to condom use among puerto rican men in new york city who have sex with men. | this paper describes the sexual risk behaviors of puerto rican men who have sex with men and their perceived obstacles to condom use. | 1996 | 8916531 |
| lowering hiv risk among ethnic minority drug users: comparing culturally targeted intervention to a standard intervention. | to test the efficacy of culturally targeted acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) prevention programs on ethnic minority street drug users, 669 african-american and puerto rican drug users were assigned to receive either the national institute on drug abuse (nida) standard intervention or a culturally competent enhanced intervention in a quasi-experimental study. the standard intervention was a two-session educational program, while both the african-american and puerto rican enhanced interve ... | 2001 | 11506265 |
| residential status and hiv risk behaviors among puerto rican drug injectors in new york and puerto rico. | this article investigates the association between residential status and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) risk behaviors among island and new york puerto rican injection drug users (idus). we assigned 561 subjects from new york city and 312 from puerto rico to five residential status categories: living in parent's home, living in own home, living in other's home, living in temporary housing (hotel, single-room occupancy [sro] hotels), and homeless (living in streets/shelters). dependent variab ... | 2001 | 11727885 |
| human immunodeficiency virus diagnostic testing of infants at clinical sites in north america: 2002-2006. | our objectives were to assess the timing of testing, the types of diagnostic assays used, and the costs associated with the diagnosis of hiv-1 infection among infants born to hiv-1-infected women enrolled in the international maternal pediatric adolescent aids clinical trials group protocol 1025 (p1025). | 2009 | 19478686 |
| hiv-related risk behaviors among a sample of men who have sex with men in puerto rico: an overview of substance use and sexual practices. | despite the growing impact of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic in puerto rico (pr), limited epidemiological research on men who have sex with men (msm) has been conducted. the aim of this study was to describe hiv-related risk behaviors in a sample of msm in pr. | 2011 | 21682148 |
| changes in hiv risk behaviors among intravenous drug users in san juan, puerto rico. | strategies for reaching intravenous drug users (ivdus) not in treatment and reducing risk behaviors are urgently needed to reduce the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic. of special concern is the need to detect which types of risk behaviors are more likely to change and which are resistant to change. the present paper analyzes changes occurring in hiv transmission risk behaviors among 778 ivdus not in treatment, in the city of san juan, puerto rico. results show discontinuation rates of ... | 1992 | 1591512 |
| skin disease in hiv-positive persons living in puerto rico. | to determine the frequency of skin disease in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), to validate the agreement of self-reported skin condition(s) versus objective data obtained by physical examination, and to describe the characteristics of hiv-positive persons with skin disease in puerto rico. | 2007 | 17473721 |
| progression to cirrhosis in latinos with chronic hepatitis c: differences in puerto ricans with and without human immunodeficiency virus coinfection and along gender. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is prevalent in latinos. there is some evidence that progression to cirrhosis is more rapid. end points: to calculate time of cirrhosis from time of hcv infection in a large latino population. other end points were to assess variables that predict cirrhosis and the effect of gender, alcohol, and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection status on time to cirrhosis. | 2006 | 16633110 |
| phylogenetic relationships between puerto rico and continental usa hiv-1 pol sequences: a shared hiv-1 infection. | in order to investigate the existing notion that the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection in puerto rico (pr) was imported from the continental united states of america (usa) we sequenced and analyzed 900 bases of the hiv-1 pol sequence from individuals in pr for comparison with pol sequences from the usa mainland. the sequences were derived by direct sequencing of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction products generated from plasma virus. the products were sequenced i ... | 2003 | 14983986 |
| [health promotion work in a community of sex workers in san juan, puerto rico and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv / aids) prevention]. | an intervention model for prevention of hiv infection among male transvestite sex workers in san juan, puerto rico, is described. sex workers have been neglected in most aids prevention programs, primarily due to the moralistic attitudes permeating most prevention models. the model was viewed as existing in the context of the sex industry, in order to deflect attention from the prostitute and direct it to the whole series of relations between the client, sex worker, policeman, and others invol ... | 1995 | 12347906 |
| racial differences in sexual behaviors related to aids in a nineteen-city sample of street-recruited drug injectors. nadr consortium. | questionnaire data from almost 12,000 street-recruited drug injectors in 19 cities were analyzed to determine racial differences that may affect transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). self-reported sexual behaviors of drug injectors differ by city-type. white male drug injectors reported less unprotected vaginal sex than black or latino males in multicultural--black/white/mexican-origin and biracial cities. black drug users of both sexes were less likely than white or latino dru ... | 1993 | 8217472 |