| delayed-type hypersensitivity and lymphocyte proliferation in response to leishmania major infection in a group of children in jericho. | the cellular response to leishmania major was evaluated in vitro with a lymphocyte proliferation microtest, performed on 100 microliters of whole blood obtained by finger prick. the maximum time and optimum conditions for storage of fresh blood before testing were determined, and the ability of the assay to evaluate cellular immunity to leishmania was compared to that of the classical montenegro skin test. a positive correlation between the diameter of the skin induration and the stimulation ind ... | 1989 | 2609368 |
| gerbillus pyramidum is a host of leishmania major in the sinai peninsula. | | 1987 | 3503651 |
| keziot--a new endemic site of cutaneous leishmaniasis in israel. an epidemiological and clinical study of a non-immune population entering an endemic area. | in this study we describe a new endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis at keziot in southern israel, and the pattern of the disease among a group of soldiers newly based in the area. interviews and physical examinations were conducted on 296 soldiers, and 247 were subjected to a leishmanin skin test. positive tests were recorded in 18% of the soldiers; in 16% of them keziot was identified as the area where the infection was acquired. positive skin tests were found among 93% and 41% of soldiers ... | 1985 | 4095766 |
| leishmaniasis in israel: reservoir hosts, sandfly vectors and leishmanial strains in the negev, central arava and along the dead sea. | the reservoir animals, sandfly vectors and strains of leishmania from foci in the southern region of israel were studied. the rodent host species are: psammomys obesus, meriones crassus and probably nesokia indica. the vector species are phlebotomus papatasi, which were caught at all collecting sites and ph. sergenti, which were collected in the area of the dead sea and in the central arava. strains of leishmania major isolated from rodents, vectors and man were serologically and enzymologically ... | 1984 | 6385358 |
| an apparent association of enzymic variants of leishmania major with specific geographical areas in israel. | isolates of leishmania major from man, psammomys obesus, meriones crassus and phlebotomus papatasi from three separate areas of israel were characterised using isoenzyme electrophoresis. three enzymic variants of phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6pgd) were seen, the distribution of which is correlated with the different geographical areas. | 1983 | 6673846 |
| outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern israel. | this study describes a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) due to leishmania tropica, in the galilee region of northern israel. thirty-three cases from 4 villages (northern part) and from the city of tiberias (southern part) have been clinically diagnosed since 1996. parasites from 13 patients and from 6 sand flies were characterized by isoenzyme electrophoresis, 2 immunological methods, and 3 polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based methods. isolates from the northern part were antigenically ... | 2003 | 14513429 |
| leishmania tropica in northern israel: a clinical overview of an emerging focus. | in israel, most cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is caused by leishmania major. recently a new focus of cl caused by leishmania tropica has been described in tiberias and the surrounding area of northern israel. | 2005 | 16243129 |
| the flow-cytometry-based evaluation of cellular immunity in cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis and healthy controls from the endemic area in southern israel. | only limited data are available on the early immunological events associated with human cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). in this study, peripheral-blood mononuclear cells were obtained from 66 individuals (34 patients with cutaneous lesions and 32 apparently healthy controls) who had each spent no more than 3 months in the endemic region of qetzioth, in southern israel. these cells' responses to leishmania major antigen were then explored, by the flow-cytometry-based evaluation of blast transformat ... | 2006 | 16417710 |
| [cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with ambisome (liposomal amphotericin b)]. | cutaneous leishmaniasis, caused mainly by leishmania major, is endemic in southern israel. it is characterized by multiple skin lesions on the skin's patient. the treatment often includes only topical treatment, and treatment failures are not uncommon. liposomal amphotericin b, a drug approved for visceral leishmaniasis treatment, has rarely been used for the cutaneous disease, especially for old world cutaneous leishmaniasis. we report a 1-year-old patient with multiple skin lesions, diagnosed ... | 2012 | 23350289 |
| resurgence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in israel, 2001-2012. | cutaneous leishmaniasis has long been endemic in israel. after a 15-year period of moderate illness rates, reported incidence increased from 0.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2001 to 4.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2012, and the disease emerged in areas where its presence had previously been minimal. we analyzed all cases reported to the national surveillance system and found that outbreak patterns revealed an expansion of leishmania major infections over large areas in the southern part o ... | 0 | 25271882 |
| zoonotic disease in a peripheral population: persistence and transmission of leishmania major in a putative sink-source system in the negev highlands, israel. | populations at the edge of their geographic distributions are referred to as peripheral populations. very little attention has been given to this topic in the context of persistence of infectious disease in natural populations. in this study, we examined this question using zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) caused by leishmania major in the negev desert of israel as a model system. here, we suggest that the regional persistence of phlebotomus papatasi populations and l. major transmission i ... | 0 | 25072990 |
| a newly emerged cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in northern israel and two new reservoir hosts of leishmania major. | in 2006/7, 18 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) were reported for the first time from sde eliyahu (pop. 650), a village in the beit she'an valley of israel. between 2007-2011, a further 88 cl cases were diagnosed bringing the total to 106 (16.3% of the population of sde eliyahu). the majority of cases resided in the south-western part of the village along the perimeter fence. the causative parasite was identified as leishmania major yakimoff & schokhor, 1914 (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae ... | 2013 | 23437408 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania infantum in southern israel. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) caused by leishmania major is common in southern israel, while leishmania infantum (sub-strain of l. donovani, causing zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis) infections were rarely reported in israel and only in other regions. we report the first case of l. infantum infection in southern israel, presented atypically as cl in an immunosuppressed 47-year old male. the patient was treated with liposomal amphotericin-b and recovered, without extra-cutaneous complications. diag ... | 2016 | 27787222 |
| dramatic increase in laboratory-diagnosed human cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in southern israel, 2007-2013. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is an endemic zoonosis in southern israel. in recent years, substantial urbanization has been taking place in this region. the introduction of populations into endemic foci was previously reported to facilitate human cl outbreaks. our aim was to describe a continuous cl outbreak in southern israel, through laboratory reports of cl diagnosis. | 2015 | 25622937 |
| liposomal amphotericin b treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania tropica. | background  cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is endemic in israel, and in the past, has been attributed almost exclusively to leishmania major. over the last decade or so, an increase in leishmania tropica (l. tropica) infections has occurred in several regions of israel. topical treatment of old world cl is usually the rule, however, in some cases systemic treatment is indicated. liposomal amphotericin b (l-amb) is efficacious and safe for treating visceral leishmaniasis but its role in treating va ... | 2010 | 21129042 |
| antileishmanial activity in israeli plants. | leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by flagellated protozoan parasites of the genus leishmania, which affects both humans and other mammals. most of the available drugs against the disease are toxic and parasite resistance to some of the drugs has already developed. in the present study, the leishmanicidal activities of methanolic extracts of some israeli plants have been evaluated in vitro, against the free-living promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of leishmania major. of th ... | 2009 | 19508747 |
| seasonal abundance patterns of the sandfly phlebotomus papatasi in climatically distinct foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in israeli deserts. | among foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in israel, population densities of the vector sandfly phlebotomus papatasi scopoli (diptera: psychodidae) were assessed during april-october 1999 in the mesic negev desert and the hyper-xeric arava valley, using sticky traps placed overnight near host burrows of the fat sand rat, psammomys obesus cretzschmar (cricetidae: gerbillinae). population dynamics of ph. papatasi differed between the negev (study sites on sand near mount keren and on loess at nizzana ... | 2003 | 14651661 |
| frozen stored leishmania tropica vaccine: the effects of dose, route of administration and storage on the evolution of the clinical lesion. two field trials in the israel defense forces. | the first field trial of frozen vaccine against cutaneous leishmaniasis yielded a 100% take rate and a high ulceration rate at a dose of four million units. two further trials were designed to investigate differences in response rates on the basis of duration of storage, sex of vaccinee, vaccination dose and method of administration. 257 soliders (151 males and 106 females) were inoculated in 1978 with an isolate of leishmania tropica major that had been stored at the temperature of liquid nitro ... | 1983 | 6346588 |
| clonal heterogeneity in populations of leishmania major. | forty clones of leishmania major were derived by direct plating from lesions and from cultures of recent isolates, followed by plating as well as by additional limit dilution in some. the parental strains originated from and represented three geographical areas in each of which a distinct electrophoretic type of the enzyme 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6pgd) is found. each clone was characterized in terms of its virulence in sabra mice, morphology, serotype, enzyme electrophoretic profile ba ... | 1990 | 2329036 |
| populations of phlebotomus papatasi (diptera: psychodidae) and the risk of leishmania major transmission in three jordan valley habitats. | the abundance, population structure, and leishmania infection rates of phlebotomus papatasi were studied at two villages, a 10-yr old date plantation, and an undisturbed natural habitat in the jordan valley throughout one season. on 109 trap nights in the villages, 53 female and 61 male p. papatasi were caught, whereas in burrows in the natural and agriculturally modified habitat, greater than 3,500 sandflies were trapped on 157 trap nights. burrows in the data plantation produced larger numbers ... | 1991 | 1941907 |
| the failure of traditionally used desert plants to act against cutaneous leishmaniasis in experimental animals. | several desert plants that are traditionally used by the bedouin community as folkloristic treatment for skin diseases were examined for their efficacy against cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in balb/c mice. water and chloroform extracts made from these plants were incorporated into cetomacrogol and soft white paraffin respectively and some were supplemented with dmso. these preparations were applied twice daily for up to 30 days to cl lesions caused by leishmania major. none of the extracts tested ... | 1991 | 1809242 |