| mapping invasive species risks with stochastic models: a cross-border united states-canada application for sirex noctilio fabricius. | nonindigenous species have caused significant impacts to north american forests despite past and present international phytosanitary efforts. though broadly acknowledged, the risks of pest invasions are difficult to quantify as they involve interactions between many factors that operate across a range of spatial and temporal scales: the transmission of invading organisms via various pathways, their spread and establishment in new environments. our study presents a stochastic simulation approach ... | 2009 | 19220798 |