| cost-effectiveness evaluation of a home visiting triage program for family planning in turkey. | graduate turkish midwives were trained in triage rules for determining family planning home visit frequency based on risk of couples. in a sample of 542 couples followed for six months, modern contraceptive use increased 22 per cent among high-risk and about 15 per cent among moderate- and low-risk couples. after making assumptions about the fecundity, contraceptive success, and pregnancy complications, the estimated average cost per complication averted was $61 for high-risk, $177 for moderate- ... | 1979 | 112875 |
| the epidemiology of anencephaly and spina bifida in izmir, turkey, in the light of recent aetiological theories. | | 1979 | 389335 |
| distribution of taste thresholds for phenylthiocarbamide among different age groups in turkey. | the relation between age and taste threshold in populations living both in istanbul and resadiye, a town located in eastern part of turkey, was investigated. in turkey the nontaster/taster ratio has been found lower than in the other countries of europe and asia (3 ,4 ,8 ,9). with aging the taste sensitivity of tasters does diminish. however, the differences in the taste threshold levels of nontasters, in different age groups, have been found as being statistically not significant. | 1977 | 917580 |
| a cross-cultural study of the nursing role in ten countries. | | 1976 | 1051505 |
| family planning programs: world review 1974. the middle east and north africa. | | 1975 | 1202677 |
| the epidemiology of neural tube defects in izmir, turkey. | | 1992 | 1358713 |
| [health care. from village to concrete suburb]. | in the middle of the city of arhus, denmark, in a building playground, teachers use the natural elements and raise animals to teach about nature. the 175 children who attend this institution are responsible for the care of the animals, and no pedagogical problems exist. similarly, in the village of sarkisla, in the province of siva in central turkey, children are responsible for the care of animals and other chores, and have no problems in growing up. however, when these children move to gelleru ... | 1992 | 1492312 |
| improving obstetric outcomes in ethnic minorities: an evaluation of health advocacy in hackney. | ethnic differences in birthweight, perinatal mortality and other obstetric outcomes are now well known. in some districts with a significant ethnic minority population, services are provided for non-english-speaking women using maternity units. various models have developed, including translators, interpreters, linkworkers, the department of health funded asian mother and baby campaign and health advocates. this paper describes the evaluation of a health advocacy programme in hackney, east londo ... | 1992 | 1515202 |
| the microbiological quality of drinking water supplies of izmir city: the incidence of yersinia enterocolitica. | a total of 100 water samples collected from piped public supplies, wells with and without motor pumps, springs and commercially bottled spring waters were microbiologically examined. in order to determine microbiological quality, aerobic bacterial and coliform counts were estimated and the presence of escherichia coli and yersinia enterocolitica was investigated. of the samples tested, 85 of them met the specifications set by tfr (turkish food regulation) for coliforms, whereas 72 of them met th ... | 1991 | 1863530 |
| an educational intervention on promotion of breast feeding. | this study was designed to search for an effective method to promote exclusive breast feeding among turkish city women delivering in hospitals. four hundred and forty-two primiparae with uncomplicated deliveries and with healthy infants with birthweights of greater than 2500 g were exposed to a group educational session on breast feeding after birth, followed by one repeat session at home. four hundred and ninety-nine women served as controls. all homes were visited monthly for 6 months by indep ... | 1991 | 1881839 |
| an educational intervention on promotion of breast feeding complemented by continuing support. | the study, aiming to document the effect of continued support for mothers on frequency of exclusive breast feeding, was carried out by inclusion of breast feeding counselling in the context of well-baby care. one hundred and forty-six mothers who had been exposed to two educational sessions on breast feeding after delivery were given appointments to bring their baby to the paediatric hospital for well-baby care. the mother-infant pairs were followed by the same two residents for 4 months. mean n ... | 1991 | 1881840 |
| experiences of a health team working in a new urban settlement area in istanbul. | a project aiming at creating a model for comprehensive maternal and child health care for urban underdeveloped areas was started in a new settlement area of migrants in the vicinity of istanbul. the project had an impact on health care status, particularly among infants and children, but the results indicated that more effort was needed to reach the mothers. it was noted that building space and the appearance of the work place influenced the prestige of the team. absentee problems could be partl ... | 1991 | 1955576 |
| [the image of byzantine medicine in the satire "timarion"]. | byzantine medicine is usually regarded as a static and non-creative descendant of classical greek medicine, a point of view confirmed by the byzantine medical texts. in this essay, the anonymous satire "timarion" is analyzed in respect to its image of contemporary medical theory. timarion, the fictive narrator, falls ill with a fever and is brought to hades by two conductors of souls. they assert that he cannot survive, because he has secreted all his elementary bile. according to a decree by as ... | 1990 | 2289689 |
| rotaviruses in infants with diarrhea studied by viral rna electrophoresis in ankara, turkey. | incidence of rotavirus in children under 2 years of age, admitted to 2 children's hospitals i n ankara, turkey, from july 1984-june 1985 was measured using viral rna electrophoresis in agarose gels. 375 children were selected at random from over 14,000 diarrhea admissions, and their stool specimens taken on admission were compared to those of 333 children without diarrhea. 61 (16.3%) of the diarrhea cases had detectable rotavirus, compared to 0% in controls. bacteriologic tests for salmonella ... | 1987 | 2851886 |
| distribution of the adult lactase phenotypes in turkey. | the adult lactase phenotype, lactose absorber or malabsorber, was determined using the lactose tolerance test with breath hydrogen assay in a group of young, healthy, male turks. out of a total of 470 subjects, 135 (28.7%) were lactose absorbers and 335 (71.3%) lactose malabsorbers. the frequency of the 'lactase suppression gene' in this population sample was 0.844 (s.d. 0.012). the frequency of lactase suppression in turkey is intermediate between that in southeast europe and that in agricultur ... | 1986 | 3092418 |
| events leading to the decision to introduce complementary feeding to the breast among a group of mothers in istanbul. | a cross-sectional study carried out among 269 mother-infant pairs in istanbul showed that the majority of infants began receiving regular complements or had been weaned before the age of three months. a prospective study carried out among 24 mothers beginning the last month of pregnancy and continuing until the time when regular complementation was instituted showed that the average duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 58 days. infants began receiving complements on an irregular basis beginni ... | 1986 | 3492020 |
| hospital practices and doctor's attitudes leading to early introduction of complements to infant diets in istanbul. | infant feeding pattern among 269 mothers living in three socio-economically distinct areas of istanbul was ascertained by a cross-sectional study. in spite of a relatively high prevalence of breastfeeding, mothers displayed a marked tendency toward early introduction of complements. early complementary feeding and weaning was positively associated with the mother's degree of urbanization, educational, and socio-economic status and hospital deliveries. a prospective study carried out among 24 mot ... | 1987 | 3495842 |
| [pediatrics and ethnic minorities. ii. specific problems]. | | 1987 | 3587399 |
| relationships between some maternal factors and pregnancy outcome. | this study, carried out on mother-infant pairs in obstetric hospitals in istanbul, was designed to investigate the impact of some maternal parameters on pregnancy outcome as well as to provide information on birth weight, and incidence of low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for gestational age birth. low birth weight, preterm birth, and fetal malnutrition are among major risk factors influencing perinatal, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality and morbidity. reported values for prepregna ... | 1987 | 3610116 |
| diarrheal disease control and family planning: the status of women and community participation. | this article discusses current campaigns for diarrheal disease control and family planning from the perspective of the social and educational status of women in turkey. survey data indicate that infant mortality is highest in regions with highest illiteracy rates; similarly, acceptance of family planning in 1 region was 79% among literate women but only 24% among illiterate women. these findings suggest that the way women cope with their infants and with fertility control is directly related t ... | 1986 | 3739017 |
| ways of combatting the high infant mortality rate in turkey. | turkey's infant mortality rate stood at 95/1000 live births in 1982. a wide range of strategies is needed to address this situation, including better nutrition, immunization, sanitation facilities, safer drinking water, increased motivation for family planning, and improved maternal-child health services. 80% of deliveries take place at home, and 70% of women in a recent survey reported they received no health care services during their last pregnancy. the majority of women are uninformed abo ... | 1986 | 3739018 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis a in children in sweden 1979-1983. | the incidence and transmission of hepatitis a in the swedish child population was investigated for the period 1979-83. 47% (152/323) of the hepatitis a cases in children reported in sweden 1979-83 occurred in children born to parents of foreign extraction. the annual incidence in swedish children was extremely low (2/100,000) during this period, whereas the incidence was between 103 and 20 in children born to immigrants of turkish, yugoslavian, asian or african extraction. a known transmission o ... | 1986 | 3764347 |
| [botanical and phytochemical investigations of species of the genus helleborus growing in europe and asia minor. i. distribution, morphology and cultivation of helleborus species (author's transl)]. | | 1974 | 4408702 |
| a program for family planning based on maternal-child health services. | the population council set up as a reference framework for a study an organizational model postulating the number of doctors, midwives, and field workers, the type and number of maternal/child health (mch) centers needed for given units of population. an extrapolation cost of providing mch services with family planning was about 1 billion dollars for the women in the developing world. six projects have been developed in a number of countries. principles of operation for the delivery of famil ... | 1974 | 4813777 |
| paramphistomiasis of domestic ruminants. | | 1971 | 4927976 |
| evidence for a genetic cline in earwax types in the middle east and southeast asia. | | 1971 | 5138849 |
| cholera. | | 1971 | 5162184 |
| [studies of chromosome structure polymorphism in asia minor and persian populations of drosophila subobscura coll]. | | 1967 | 5586535 |
| [dermatophyte flora of the soil of asia minor and rhodes. isolation of trichophyton quinckeanum, trichophyton terrestre, chrysosporium keratinophilum and chrysosporium inducum]. | | 1968 | 5761166 |
| user preferences for contraceptive methods in india, korea, the philippines, and turkey. world health organization task force on psychosocial research in family planning and task force on service research in family planning. | research was conducted to determine the patterns of contraceptive choice in four developing countries and to investigate the association between method selection and demographic/socioeconomic variables, future family planning intentions, and users' perceptions of methods and preference for personnel. after listening to a balanced presentation of information on the methods, each woman indicated her choice and was then interviewed to determine her reasons for selecting that method. the pattern of ... | 1980 | 6213071 |
| [isolation of coagulase-positive staphylococci from cheese and ice-cream samples sold in ankara and some biochemical properties of the isolates]. | coagulase-positive staphylococci were isolated from different kinds of cheese and ice-cream sold in ankara and some biochemical properties of these isolates were determined. 55 cheese, 52 ice-cream (107 samples) were examined for the presence of coagulase-positive staphylococci. baird parker medium was used and 26 samples constituting of 13 cheese and 13 ice-cream were found to be contaminated with coagulase-positive staphylococci and ratio of the contaminated samples to the total was calculated ... | 1981 | 6300618 |
| potential vectors of bluetongue in lesbos, greece. | | 1983 | 6316621 |
| present status and future prospects for malaria control in the world. | the potential of residual insecticides with their direct action against the sporogonic cycle of plasmodia prompted the idea of possible eradication of malaria. in the early fifties health administrators supported by technicians favoured the control of endemic diseases through "mass campaigns". in such an atmosphere, at the 8th world health assembly held in mexico in 1955 a resolution was adopted urging member states to initiate health programmes aimed at eradicating malaria. initial spectacular ... | 1984 | 6497316 |
| [nurses' role in primary health care]. | 2 nurses describe the duties which nurses should assume in primary health care, particularly as practiced in rural areas, in prize-winning articles from a contest sponsored by the turkish ministry of health and social services. both articles argue that primary health care, an internationally recognized human right, is an indispensible factor in national development. as a national investment, it helps reduce clinical treatment costs. the ministry-appointed health care nurses, who are in the fo ... | 1983 | 6563835 |
| [scholarship report of a 1982 study trip in western and middle turkey]. | the cultural background of islam and its religious practices as well as hospital administration and staff training, living conditions, the status of women, and child rearing were the topics of a study by 3 child care nurses in turkey. the purpose of this study was to better understand the situation of turkish immigrants and the possible conflicts they experience with swedish society. public school attendance is compulsory for a period of 5 years starting at age 7 (3 additional years may be req ... | 1982 | 6923894 |
| albumin naskapi variant in north american indians and eti turks. | both conventional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a new type of electrophoretic screening procedure indicate that the polymorphic albumin variants naskapi, found chiefly in the naskapi indians of quebec, and mersin, found in the eti turks of southeastern turkey, are molecularly identical or very similar and that the amino acid substitution site in these variants is located between residues 330 and 446. this discovery is consistent with a genetic relationship between the eti turks and amer ... | 1980 | 6933567 |
| a study of oral rehydration therapy by midwives in a rural area near ankara. | oral rehydration fluid therapy was practiced in a rural district near ankara. a total of 1237 children, 746 of whom were in the treatment group and the rest in the control group, were followed up for 16 months. in the treatment group, auxiliary nurse-midwives applied the fluid therapy to children with diarrheal diseases at home. a significant difference was found between the treatment and control groups with respect to weight gain; the treatment group gained 230.2 g in a month and the control ... | 1980 | 6967369 |
| ["abnormal reaction" or cultural misunderstandings? a contribution to the improvement of medical care to children of migrant labourers in the frg (author's transl)]. | the overproportional rate of medical treatment of foreign children in the private practice of paediatricians and in the paediatric hospitals imposes very often special difficulties on our medical care system. these difficulties do not only result from the language barrier but also from the vast difference between the illness concepts of our medical system which bases in natural science, and the traditional concepts of the prescientific medical layman system of the foreign patients. because of th ... | 1982 | 7062688 |
| [ecthyma contagiosum epidemics in turkey]. | in the years 1979 and 1980 after the religious holidays of the "feast of sacrifice" in izmir (turkey), there was an epidemic-type of outbreak of 31 cases of ecthyma contagiosum. on the occasion of the sacrificial feast day the amateur butchers, their helpers, housewives, and others came into direct contact with virus-infected parts and were infected with the ecthyma contagiosum virus, which includes the paravaccinia group. | 1982 | 7107283 |
| antenatal ambroxol usage in the prevention of infant respiratory distress syndrome. beneficial and adverse effects. | a bromhexine metabolite ambroxol, is a relatively new promoter of fetal lung maturation. the data on its efficacy and side effects in humans are not yet as many as those of corticosteroids. we found that in 24 premature labor patients ambroxol reduced the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome when compared with the control group, consisting of 58 patients. there was no concomitant disorder in any patient that would have contributed to the fetal lung maturation. we also observed septic morbi ... | 1995 | 7554258 |
| turkey 1993: results from the demographic and health survey. | the turkey demographic and health survey collected data from 8619 households and complete interviews with 6519 ever-married women aged 15-49 years. interviews were conducted during august-october 1993. the survey found that over the period 1965-1985, the population grew from 31.2 million to 50.3 million. the crude birth rate per 1000 declined from 41.0 to 30.8; crude death rate also declined from 15.0 to 8.9. the annual rate of population growth fell from 2.50% to 2.33%, and life expectancy ... | 1995 | 7570767 |
| survey of the allergic status of patients with bronchial asthma in turkey: a multicenter study. | patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma (ba) were prospectively enrolled to assess their allergen spectra and atopic status. the patients came from five major cities (ankara, izmir, samsun, elaziğ, and adana) in different regions of turkey. atopic status, total ige levels, and allergen spectra were determined in 1149 patients and 210 controls who were spouses of the patients sharing the same environment but not consanguinity with the patients. total ige levels were significantly higher in the a ... | 1995 | 7573836 |
| postpartum family planning and health needs of women of low income in istanbul. | this study was designed to learn what types of postpartum health and family planning services are most appropriate for couples with low incomes living in istanbul, turkey. the methods used included focus groups, site visits, questionnaires for postpartum women, and a self-administered questionnaire for health-care providers. by five months postpartum, 86 percent of the women surveyed were using some method of family planning. many couples used withdrawal, starting immediately upon resumption of ... | 1995 | 7618198 |
| red cell enzyme and blood group polymorphisms in turkey. | baseline data from turkey is presented on phenotype and gene frequency distributions of three red cell enzyme systems (esd, pgm1, pg1) and two blood groups (abo, rh). examination of the distributions of these gene frequencies among the four geographic regions of turkey showed that except for esd, the turkish population is genetically homogeneous. the gene frequencies observed in turkey are compared with those in some countries in europe and asia. | 1994 | 7619779 |
| rotterdam general practitioners report (rohapro): a computerised network of general practices in rotterdam, the netherlands. rotterdam's huisartsen project. | dutch public health services are charged with collective preventive care for the population--care that should, by law, be based on epidemiological data. general practices potentially offer important data for this purpose, particularly since more and more use a computer. this study aimed to assess whether it is possible to obtain useful epidemiological data from this source. | 1995 | 7629455 |
| maternal mortality in a maternity hospital in turkey. | to determine the leading causes of maternal mortality in a large maternity hospital and to define priorities regarding this subject throughout turkey. | 1995 | 7660764 |
| increasing incidence of tuberculosis in england and wales: a study of the likely causes. | to examine factors responsible for the recent increase in tuberculosis in england and wales. | 1995 | 7728031 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus in children in the 1993-94 winter season in izmir, turkey, by two diagnostic methods. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was searched for in 65 children between 2 months and 2 years of age hospitalized with the presumptive diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis, and in 35 children aged 6 months to 8 years with upper respiratory tract symptoms, by direct fluorescent antibody (dfa) test and cell culture. rsv infection was detected in 29.2% of the first and in 11.4% of the second group. the overall positivity rate was 23%. the sensitivity and the specificity of the commercially a ... | 1994 | 7833009 |
| factors affecting the morbidity of vitamin d deficiency rickets and primary protection. | rickets was investigated in 860 children in the 3 to 36 month age group in 21 villages attached to sinik health centre, in northeastern turkey. the blood calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels of suspect cases were determined following examination and wrist x-rays taken. the prevalence of cross-sectional rickets was determined, in the cohort group formed by removing the rickets cases (to the first group, advice was not given; to the second, 400 iu of vitamin d) and its incidence det ... | 1994 | 7835254 |
| intercultural consultations: investigation of factors that deter non-english speaking women from attending their general practitioners for cervical screening. | to determine the factors that deter ethnic minority women living in east london from attending their general practitioner for cervical cytology screening. | 1994 | 7987106 |
| education of nurses for primary health care. | the preparation of nurses in turkey for the tasks of the health-for-all strategy has been under way for a number of years. the difficulties encountered, notably in the areas of planning and the training of teachers, together with the approaches to solving them, are outlined below. | 1994 | 8018278 |
| the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis using different methods in group screenings. | in order to find the most precise and practical procedure to record the prevalence of tuberculosis in group screenings, 7405 students staying at hacettepe university dormitories between 1984 and 1987 were screened by 3 different methods used in tuberculosis screening, namely microfilms, tuberculin tests and tuberculosis symptoms (cough, hemoptysis, weight loss, etc). the average sensitivity of these tests were found to be as follows: microfilm 6.3%, tuberculin 45.8%, screening of tuberculosis sy ... | 1993 | 8026349 |
| chromosomal speciation and adaptive radiation of mole rats in asia minor correlated with increased ecological stress. | the evolutionary forces causing chromosomal speciation and adaptation are still enigmatic. here we tested the israel evolutionary model of positive association of diploid chromosome number (2n) and genetic diversity with aridity stress in subterranean mole rats, on a 30-times-larger scale in asia minor. we analyzed both karyotype and allozyme diversity across turkey, based on 37 allozymic loci in 20 localities of the spalax leucodon and 4 localities of the spalax ehrenbergi superspecies. we foun ... | 1994 | 8058774 |
| the use of traditional methods of contraception among turkish couples. | about half the users of contraceptives in turkey employ traditional methods of family planning, particularly withdrawal. this report presents data from a 1988 national survey to examine turkish couples' use of and opinions about these methods. use of traditional methods is widespread across all geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic groups. the principal reasons reported for not using methods generally considered to be highly reliable were fear of health problems and side effects and the opp ... | 1994 | 8059445 |
| replantations and their functional results: the turkish experience. | the development of microsurgery with regard to replantation of severed extremities has in turkey been a relatively recent although rapid process. the first revascularization was performed by our team in izmir in 1986. by 1988 a 24-hr emergency replantation service was available and a special surgery branch hospital in hand and microsurgery was established in 1991. this hospital was the first of its kind in turkey and one of the few in the world. here we present our replantation series comprising ... | 1993 | 8097013 |
| concussive blast-type aural trauma, eardrum perforations, and their effects on hearing levels: an update on military experience in izmir, turkey. | thirty-two military personnel, exposed to blast injury in the last 15 months, have been investigated according to type of eardrum perforation and hearing loss in this retrospective study. it has been concluded that tympanic membrane perforations and hearing loss due to blast effect have individual patterns. hearing loss due to trauma is not because of pressure environment alone. final outcomes have justified the previous recommendations about ear protection in military staff, particularly in tho ... | 1993 | 8108023 |
| temperature and the persistence of viruses in culicoides spp. during adverse conditions. | the average daily maximum temperature for the coldest month during the winters of 1977-1978 and 1978-1979, when bluetongue (bt) virus overwintered in a cycle between culicoides spp. and cattle in western turkey (aydin and izmir provinces), was found to be 12.5 degrees c. this temperature agreed with the lowest temperatures found for culicoides activity and for flight over long distances. overwintering of bt virus in western turkey and lesbos (1979-1980), african horse sickness (ahs) virus in spa ... | 1993 | 8219328 |
| acute poisoning in izmir, turkey--a pilot epidemiologic study. | epidemiologic data on poisonings in turkey are extremely limited. this is a retrospective chart review to describe the prevalence of poisoning in both adults and children, the presenting clinical features, morbidity and mortality to identify how poisoning in izmir follows the pattern of other countries and how it is unique. three hundred sixty-five poisoned patients presented to the dokuz eylül university hospital, ismir in 1989 to 1990. the distribution frequency of substances ingested reflects ... | 1993 | 8254701 |
| [detection of chlamydia trachomatis in prostitutes working in a brothel in izmir]. | endocervical specimens obtained from 251 registered prostitutes working in a brothel in izmir, were screened for chlamydia trachomatis by using a direct fluorescent antibody test. twenty seven of these specimens were excluded because of inadequate sampling. of the remaining 224 samples, 57 (25.4%) were found positive for c. trachomatis. it is concluded that, prostitutes play an important role in the transmission of chlamydial and other sexually transmitted diseases, and routine screening and app ... | 1993 | 8264446 |
| clinical performance of the tcu 380a and lippes loop iuds in three developing countries. | the clinical performance of the copper t 380a (tcu 380a) and the lippes loop intrauterine devices (iuds) were evaluated for 12 months in a group of 710 women who had one of the two iuds inserted. results are from a randomized clinical trial conducted at three collaborating research sites located in three developing countries. the gross cumulative life-table pregnancy rate of the tcu 380a iud was found to be lower than that of the lippes loop iud at 12 months (0.7 and 2.1 per women, respectively) ... | 1995 | 8521710 |
| complete spectrum of pah mutations in tataria: presence of slavic, turkic and scandinavian mutations. | phenylketonuria (pku) is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with a deficiency of hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase (pah). although the molecular lesions present in the pah genes of pku patients have previously been determined in several slavic populations, little is known regarding the molecular basis of pku in the non-slavic populations of the former soviet union. guthrie card samples from twenty-one classical pku patients residing in the tatarian republic were examined by a combination ... | 1995 | 8528673 |
| epidemiology of meningococcal infections in children in mid-southern part of turkey. | 59 patients were treated for meningococcal infections in cukurova university faculty of medicine, division of pediatric infectious diseases. 50.8% of patients were male, 33.9% were under two years of age and 61% were under five. 78% of patients were admitted to hospital in winter and spring time. meningococcal meningitis (mm) was present in 39% of patients on admission, however, meningococcemia in 27.1% and meningococcemia and meningococcic meningitis (meningococcemia + mm) in 33.9%. fatality ra ... | 1995 | 8549705 |
| clinical investigation of traumatic injuries of permanent incisors in izmir, turkey. | 470 injured teeth of 370 patients who consulted the dental clinic of ege university, izmir, turkey for examination or treatment between 1981-1993 were evaluated. information concerning sex, age of patients at the time of injury, cause of trauma, number of injured teeth, type of tooth and type of trauma were recorded. more boys suffered traumatic injuries (64.8%) than girls (35.2%). patients aged 11-15 years old exhibited the highest number of injuries (34.4%) followed by the 6-10 years old group ... | 1995 | 8625933 |
| different percentages of peripheral blood gamma delta + t cells in healthy individuals from different areas of the world. | the frequency of gamma delta + t cells in the peripheral blood of 26 turkish, 24 swedish, 35 japanese and 14 "asian' (non-japanese) healthy blood donors and healthy volunteers were investigated by flow cytometry. in the turkish group, 9.3% (median value) of the cd3+ peripheral blood t cells expressed the gamma delta t cell receptor. a similar level of gamma delta + t cells was found in the non-japanese "asian' healthy volunteers (9.2%), while significantly lower values were detected in the swedi ... | 1996 | 8633219 |
| detecting induced abortions from reports of pregnancy terminations in dhs calendar data. | this study considers whether pregnancy terminations reported in demographic and health survey (dhs) calendar data can be classified accurately as having been spontaneous or induced based upon other information collected in the survey interview. a classification scheme is proposed that is an adaptation of the method developed by the world health organization for categorizing cases in which women admitted to hospitals experienced complications of pregnancy termination. the scheme is evaluated usin ... | 1996 | 8677522 |
| family formation patterns among migrant women in sydney. | a demographic survey among a probability sample of 980 married migrant women was carried out in sydney in 1988. the sample included 507 lebanese, 250 turkish and 223 vietnamese women. the study revealed differences in family formation patterns within and between the three groups and between them and the general population. family size had declined among all three groups compared with their family of origin, and it was clear that the younger women would not achieve the same family sizes as the ol ... | 1996 | 8690746 |
| a comparative study on the efficacy of 0.4% sumithrine and 1% lindane in the treatment of pediculus humanus capitis in turkey. | two different chemicals were used in the treatment of pediculus h. capitis in cases, who were found to be infested during the screening of 1 secondary and 3 elementary schools in bostanli-karsiyaka, izmir. sumithrine was found to be more effective than lindane according to the follow up control performed a month after the treatment. while the efficacy of sumithrine in emlakbank elementary school, metin asikoglu elementary school and emlakbank secondary school was noted as 93%, 96% and 86.8% resp ... | 1996 | 8721244 |
| demographic and epidemiologic features of female adolescents in turkey. | to determine the average menarcheal age and menstrual cycle pattern, prevalence of dysmenorrhea, frequency of smoking, alcohol and drug use, sexual education level, and the gynecologic problems in female adolescents in turkey. | 1996 | 8750429 |
| from asia to europe: mitochondrial dna sequence variability in bulgarians and turks. | two hypervariable sequence segments in the control region of mitochondrial dna were determined in samples of bulgarians and turks. the turkish sample presented a higher degree of internal diversity, in terms of total number of variable nucleotides, as well as in the average pairwise nucleotide difference. pairwise difference distributions were built for both samples, yielding smooth bell shapes in agreement with the rogers and harpending model. the bulgarian and turkish data were compared with s ... | 1996 | 8835097 |
| comparative costs of family planning services and hospital-based maternity care in turkey. | the costs of running a recently established family planning program in the turkish social security system were measured and compared with the costs of providing the medical services and nonmedical benefits for pregnant women. the undiscounted cost savings from averting pregnancy were estimated to exceed the program's recurrent costs by 17.6 to 1. cost savings represent only 1 percent of all of the system's medical expenditures, but the family planning program is in an early stage, and potential ... | 1996 | 8923654 |
| the reliability of the situation analysis observation guide. | the use of direct observation to assess the quality of family planning services is a central element of situation analysis studies. the interrater reliability of observational data from a study in turkey was assessed using teams of multiple observers. overall, the findings suggest a strong degree of reliability. observers were more likely to agree when rating physical actions than verbal cues and when both observers were of similar backgrounds. the high degree of reliability in the situation ana ... | 1996 | 8923655 |
| changing epidemiology of measles in turkey: need for reassessment of measles vaccination policy? | changing epidemiology of measles in turkey and in izmir city, since the introduction of measles vaccine was examined in order to evaluate the need for new strategies to control measles infection. after the national vaccination campaign in 1985, the rates of incidence and mortality dropped to 4.2/100000 and 0/million, respectively, in 1987. when the epidemics in 1989 and 1993 were examined it was seen that more measles cases occurred in age groups 5-9 and > 15 years, and most of the cases seen in ... | 1996 | 8936963 |
| contraceptive choice and reproductive morbidity in istanbul. | a cross-sectional survey was conducted in istanbul to investigate the relationship between contraceptive choice and reproductive morbidity. altogether, 918 women who had ever used any means of avoiding pregnancy were interviewed at home, and, among these, 694 parous nonpregnant women were examined by three female physicians. the women were aware of bearing a considerable burden of ill health, with 81 percent reporting at least one episode of illness in the three months prior to the interview. cu ... | 1997 | 9097384 |
| the prevalence of pediculus humanus capitis among the students of a secondary and three elementary schools in karsiyaka-izmir, turkey. | during november-december 1993, 5347 students of a secondary and 3 elementary schools in bostanli-karsiyaka, where socio-economic and cultural status are relatively high, were examined for pediculosis capitis. in 225 students (4.2%) eggs and/or adults were detected. 181 (4.14%) out of 4365 elementary school students and 44 (4.48%) out of 982 secondary school students were infested with pediculus humanus capitis. comparison with results of previous results are shown in the text. | 1997 | 9097537 |
| beta-thalassaemia in the immigrant and non-immigrant german populations. | in germany homozygous beta-thalassaemia mainly occurs in the immigrant population from endemic regions. in non-immigrants beta-thalassaemia is rare. heterozygous beta-thalassaemia minor, however, is more common and must be considered in the differential diagnosis of hypochromic anaemia. the clinical and molecular data of 221 homozygous patients and 256 non-immigrant german heterozygous individuals are presented. clinically, 87% (n = 192) of the homozygotes are classified as thalassaemia major (t ... | 1997 | 9163586 |
| comparative evaluation of three commercial broiler stocks in hot versus temperate climates. | hot climate is a major limiting factor of broiler production in tropical and subtropical regions. the use of standard stocks in hot climates may result in large economic losses because genotypes selected in temperate climates may respond differently to the high ambient temperatures in hot regions or seasons. the summer and fall in izmir, turkey, provided the natural hot and temperate climates, respectively, for this study. broiler chicks were obtained from three commercial stocks, all bred in te ... | 1997 | 9200225 |
| performance of naked neck and normal broilers in hot, warm, and temperate climates. | chickens suffer at high ambient temperatures because their feather coverage hinders internal heat dissipation. naked neck broilers (na/na) and their normally feathered sibs (na/na) were evaluated in three natural climates. three experiments were conducted in turkey, during the summer in the extremely hot region of adana (ad-sm), and in the moderate region of izmir during the spring (iz-sp) and summer (iz-sm), always following the same experimental protocol. ambient temperatures averaged 19, 28, ... | 1997 | 9200226 |
| improvements in mother-child health indicators in turkey. | turkey has a young population as a result of high fertility and growth rates in the recent past. thirty-five percent of the population is less than 15 years of age, and 25 percent of the population comprises reproductive-age woman. the latest estimate of the population growth rate was 19 per thousand for the 1990-1995 period. in recent decades dramatic declines in fertility rates have been noted. in the early 1970s, the overall fertility rate was approximately five children per woman, declining ... | 1997 | 9223921 |
| allergic disease prevalence in izmir. | | 1997 | 9226077 |
| pediatric hematology and oncology department of ege university, izmir, turkey. | | 1997 | 9267871 |
| world malaria situation in 1994. part iii. | | 1997 | 9309947 |
| the influence of feeding patterns on head circumference among turkish infants during the first 6 months of life. | the influence of various feeding patterns on physical growth and mental development of the infant, particularly during the first 6 months of life, is an important subject. head circumference values of 172 healthy new-born infants were included in the study; 62 were exclusively breast-fed (bf), 58 were mixed-fed (mf) and 52 were formula-fed (ff). no significant differences were found in head circumference values between the groups at birth (bf 35.2+/-0.1, mf 35.1+/-0.1, ff 35.0+/-0.1 cm for boys ... | 1997 | 9339866 |
| screening of sex workers in turkey for chlamydia trachomatis. | increasing migration of sex workers across east european borders into turkey has resulted in increased arrests of unregistered sex workers. there is concern regarding the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (std) such as c. trachomatis in this unregulated group. | 1997 | 9383845 |
| should all patients with blunt trauma undergo 'routine' pelvic x-ray? | routine pelvic radiography is carried out in all blunt trauma patients referred to our emergency department according to advanced trauma life support protocols. in this retrospective study, we questioned whether it is cost-effective to obtain 'routine' pelvic x-ray films. the notes and x-rays of all consecutive patients with blunt trauma who were referred to the emergency department of dokuz eylül university hospital, izmir, turkey, between august and december, 1993 were re-evaluated. eighteen p ... | 1995 | 9422184 |
| incidence of trichomonas vaginalis among women having vaginal discharge, in manisa, turkey. | trichomoniasis characterise with a foamy yellowish odorous discharge, is an infection that causes superficial defects and necrotic ulcers in mucosa, and is spreadable with sexual contact. in t. vaginalis infection, the diagnosis can be made after the examination of saline wet mount preparations, stained smears preparation and cultivation of the vaginal discharge, the urine and the materials obtained from prostate secretion in males. in the present study, vaginal discharge samples obtained from 2 ... | 1997 | 9425833 |
| the world's children. | world leaders from 159 countries agreed at the 1990 world summit for children to specific goals which would reduce levels of child and maternal mortality, and give every child access to basic education, clean water, and proper sanitation by 2000. major progress has since been achieved in most countries, with more than 80% of the world's children now immunized against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. moreover, the deaths of over 1 million children annually are being averted through the incre ... | 1997 | 9433156 |
| [pappataci fever]. | sandfly fever virus is known to cause pappataci fever. the sandfly fever virus belongs to the genus phlebovirus (family: bunyaviridae) and is endemically found in areas of south europe, asia and africa. in germany, pappataci fever is only described in connection with travelling to endemic areas. we report on a 15 year-old girl suffering from sandfly fever virus infection after vacation in turkey. the initial symptoms started with fever for about three days, frontal headache, nausea and arthralgi ... | 1997 | 9445923 |
| progress toward poliomyelitis eradication--turkey, 1994-1997. | in 1989, as part of the global poliomyelitis eradication initiative, turkey adopted the goal of eliminating polio by 2000; since then, substantial progress has been made toward achieving this objective. turkey is a priority country for the global polio eradication initiative because of its large population (1996 population: 60 million), strategic location between europe and asia, and proximity to countries with endemic polio. this report summarizes progress during 1994-1997 in turkey toward impl ... | 1998 | 9480413 |
| molecular and population genetic analyses of beta-thalassemia in turkey. | in this report we describe the molecular analysis of 795 chromosomes derived from unrelated turkish beta-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia carriers identified in hematology clinics in istanbul, ankara, izmir, adana, and antalya. the determination of the molecular pathology of 754 beta-thalassemia and 42 abnormal hemoglobin genes and analysis of the frequency distribution in six distinct regions of turkey was accomplished. the experimental strategy, based on pcr amplification of the beta-globin ... | 1998 | 9495372 |
| [stranger in turkey]. | the author, a professor of nephrology, reports some impressions of his 7-year stay in turkey. he worked at the ege university in izmir, traditionally one of the most 'western' cities. he and his wife, who gave unpaid assistance to dialysis patients, attempted to integrate into turkish society as fully as possible. they traversed the country in weekends and holidays and introduced as many dutch guests as they could to the unique archeological treasures, the magnificent nature and the extremely fr ... | 1997 | 9555146 |
| male involvement in family planning in turkey. | many men in turkey are motivated to use contraception and to share responsibility for family planning with their wives. about half the couples practising family planning use male-dependent methods. men commonly use traditional methods, predominantly withdrawal, and should be treated as a specific target group in family planning programmes in order to motivate them to use modern methods. | 1998 | 9610246 |
| borderline ovarian tumours: retrospective analysis of twenty-one cases. | twenty-one borderline ovarian tumour cases, diagnosed and treated in our oncology section between 1986 and 1996, were retrospectively analysed. thirty-three percent of the cases had serous tumours and the rest (66.6%) were mucinous, 57.1% of the mucinous tumours were the intestinal type and the remaining 42.9% were the endocervical type. when all the cases were analysed, the average age was 45.4+/-18.6 years, the average follow-up period was 5.5+/-2.6 years. the preoperative average ca125 level ... | 1998 | 9611063 |
| computed tomographic findings of environmental asbestos-related malignant pleural mesothelioma. | malignant pleural mesothelioma (mpm) is not an infrequent fatal neoplasm. it is endemically present in some regions of turkey due to its aetiological relationship to exposure to environmental fibrous minerals. the aim of this study was to determine the thorax computed tomographic (ct) features of environmental asbestos-related mpm. in this study, we examined retrospectively the ct scans of 46 untreated patients with pathological diagnosis of environmental asbestos-related mpm among 151 patients ... | 1998 | 9657657 |
| sensitivity to parietaria pollen in izmir, turkey as determined by skin prick and serum specific ige values. | as the first study of its kind in the aegean region of turkey, we examined the incidence of sensitivity to parietaria pollen in patients with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma living in the mediterranean climate of the aegean coast. on the mediterranean, there are characteristic climatic conditions (mild winters, dry summers, etc.) which facilitate the growth of a typical vegetation and the production of allergenic pollen, such as that from parietaria. these pollen types differ greatly from those ... | 1998 | 9684193 |
| a sero-epidemiological study of visceral leishmaniosis in izmir district, turkey. | visceral leishmaniosis caused by leishmania infantum have been reported in turkey. a total of 2055 blood samples collected in izmir and six surrounding villages were tested for anti-leishmania antibodies. three established immunodiagnostic techniques, indirect fluorescence antibody (ifa), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and direct agglutination test (dat), were employed using promastigotes and rk39 as antigens for the detection of anti-leishmania antibodies. five sero-positive cases (0 ... | 1998 | 9707668 |
| the ege stroke registry: a hospital-based study in the aegean region, izmir, turkey. analysis of 2,000 stroke patients. | we present the profile of risk factors, etiologic and clinical data of 2,000 consecutive patients with first-ever-in-a-lifetime stroke (cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage), admitted to the ege university hospital between january 1, 1991, and september 31, 1995. this hospital-based registry is the first systematic epidemiologic report on the stroke profile of turkish people the ege university stroke unit is the only tertiary medical care facility which is organiz ... | 1998 | 9712926 |
| evaluation of reproductive outcomes in women inadvertently exposed to hexachlorobenzene in southeastern turkey in the 1950s. | in southeastern turkey during the period of 1955-57, women were accidentally exposed to the fungicide hexachlorobenzene (hcb) after eating contaminated seed grain and developed porphyria cutanea tarda (pct). while hcb has been shown to be a potent oocyte toxicant in primates and has been identified as an ovarian follicular fluid contaminant in women, its effect on human reproduction is poorly understood. this study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of hcb on women with a known high dose exp ... | 1998 | 9717698 |
| prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae specific antibodies in different clinical situations and healthy subjects in izmir, turkey. | serological markers for chlamydia pneumoniae were investigated by using the microimmunofluorescence (mif) test in various age and patient groups in a specific area in turkey. igg seropositivity to c. pneumoniae was 64.3% and 18.7% in healthy adults and children, respectively. the highest positivity rate (77%) was in the 15-19 age group. among the groups investigated, serological findings revealed a possible etiological association between c. pneumoniae and the clinical condition in the groups wi ... | 1998 | 9744685 |
| [hereditary deafness in turkey. initial results]. | the authors describe a study in progress to identify turkish families with hereditary hearing loss and isolate possible responsible disease genes. due to extreme genetic heterogeneity and limited audiological differentiation of hereditary hearing loss, it is necessary to identify large or small families from genetic isolates to locate loci responsible for hearing loss on a chromosome. to accomplish this goal, the medical records of 3800 children were examined at the ent clinic of ege university ... | 1998 | 9816535 |
| family planning in isparta, turkey. | family planning practices were reported by 491 married women, aged 15-49, who applied to the family planning centre in isparta, turkey. eighty-four percent of the women used contraception, the iud being used most frequently. almost half of the women married before age 18 years. | 1997 | 9881150 |