| epidemiology of hydatid disease in sardinia: a study of fertility of cysts in sheep. | hydatidosis, caused by echinococcus granulosus, is a cyclozoonotic disease of economic significance in sardinia. the life-cycle involves stray and sheep dogs as definitive hosts and sheep, pigs, goats and cattle as intermediate hosts. the most important intermediate host is sheep, due to home slaughtering with ready access of the viscera to dogs. this survey was undertaken in 1987 to ascertain the epidemiological significance of sheep in maintaining the life-cycle. a total of 700 (91.3%) of 767 ... | 1990 | 2230030 |
| [epidemiology and social/health implications of hydatidosis in sardinia]. | all surgically treated cases of hydatidosis registered in sardinia from 1969 to 1984 have been analysed. the 16-year period clearly shows that unilocular hydatid disease caused by larvae of tapeworm, echinococcus granulosus, is endemic in sardinia. in this region there are foci of human infection notably in the sheep rearing areas, of nuoro and sassari. the incidence of human hydatidosis shows a marked regional variation varying during the last survey (1982-1984) between 16.9/1000 in the provinc ... | 1989 | 2491290 |
| [hydatidosis in sardinia. co-involved parameters and hypothesis for a control campaign]. | although hydatidosis provokes in man and livestock losses of economic significance, there has been no comprehensive study on this disease. this article is an account of sardinia as an important area of echinococcosis-hydatidosis. the incidence and distribution of infection in the intermediate and definitive hosts are reviewed and the current status of hydatid disease is evaluated. the review is divided into main sections: (a) geographical and environmental data; (b) domestic intermediate hosts; ... | 1985 | 3870643 |
| [visceral leishmaniasis in italy. its epidemiology, clinical picture and therapy]. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a public health problem in most countries bordering the mediterranean sea. the disease has been found in central and southern italy, sicily, sardinia; some pockets are present in liguria. dogs are the reservoirs and the vectors are some species of sandfly (phlebotomus species). the incubation period is usually between 2 and 8 months; children and adults may become infected; lethality may be high and depends upon a correct diagnosis and treatment. the diagnosis shou ... | 1994 | 8047684 |
| [human dirofilariasis in sardinia: 4 new cases. review of published cases]. | four new cases of human dirofilariasis in sardinia are described: i subconjunctival and 3 subcutaneous. the patients were men in 3 cases and woman in the other one. the age of the subjects varied from 35 to 58 years. the parasite, dirofilaria repens, was in all the cases a female. from the review of the literature only 3 other cases were reported in the island. due to the diffuse presence of both the causal agent, d. repens, in dogs and many species of culicidae that can transmit the infection t ... | 1996 | 9206773 |
| ehrlichiosis and rickettsiosis in a canine population of northern sardinia. | ehrlichiosis and rickettsiosis are very common, widespread diseases. these diseases are present in sardinia year round because its temperate weather permits the survival of many kinds of tick vectors. a thousand dogs were subjected to physical, hematological, biochemical examinations and serological tests. all 1,000 sera were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test to detect antibodies against e. canis and r. rickettsii. a high seroprevalence (about 50%) was detected for both etiol ... | 2003 | 12860613 |
| [animal echinococcosis in italy: epidemiological update]. | cystic echinococcosis (ce) is one of the most widespread parasitoses in the mediterranean region (mr). this is due to various factors, the most important being the close association between man, sheep and dogs in areas where open farming is practised. although this disease has been known for several years and many studies have been carried out, nowadays in italy there are no complete epidemiological data on its diffusion and distribution. the available data show that ce is mainly diffused in tho ... | 2004 | 15305683 |
| [human cystic hydatidosis in italy: a public health emergency? past to present]. | starting from 1991 the central office of statistics istat, according to changed regulations on notification of infective diseases, stopped reporting official national data on human hydatidosis. on the other hand until then notified data, concerning only about a hundred cases per year in mean during the last decades and just 36 in 1991, appeared unreliable, suggesting a diffusion far from the actual. owing to specific studies on different research groups it is possible to try to describe a not ex ... | 2004 | 15305684 |
| [ticks and the pediatrician]. | the match between ticks and pediatricians in italy is usually a seasonal event related to the spring and summer trips and to the increasing of outdoor activity that sun and warm weather allow, both for children and ticks. so cared parents reach emergencies asking for tick removal but more often after the tick has yet been removed by empirical manoeuvres and after the killing and the destruction of the "enemy". we have scheduled, in the years 2002-2003, the 167 children that reached our unit for ... | 2004 | 15305698 |
| [ecology of thelazia spp. in cattle and their vectors in italy]. | the genus thelazia (spirurida, thelaziidae) includes a cosmopolitan group of eyeworm spirurids responsible for ocular infections in domestic and wild animals and transmitted by different species of muscids. bovine thelaziosis is caused by thelazia rhodesi desmarest 1828, thelazia gulosa railliet & henry 1910, and thelazia skrjabini erschow 1928, which occur in many countries; t. gulosa and t. skrjabini have been reported mainly in the new world, while t. rhodesi is particularly common in the old ... | 2004 | 15305729 |
| cystic echinococcosis in italy from the 1950s to present. | in italy the epidemiological pattern of cistic echinococcosis (ce) is incomplete and the information for most regions is out of date, contradictory, and almost exclusively limited to the intermediate hosts. the disease is found most frequently in particular social and economic conditions: widespread use of extensive or semi-extensive sheep farming, illegal slaughtering, and high numbers of sheepdogs and other types of dogs. the highest incidence in sheep is found in sardinia (70.6-92.8%), sicily ... | 2004 | 16044697 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum, sardinia, italy. | | 2005 | 16110587 |
| updates on cystic echinococcosis (ce) in italy. | an update on cystic echinococcosis (ce) diffusion in italy during 2003-2005 is reported. ce seems to have a sporadic diffusion in the northern part of the country where this disease plays a minor role (prevalence < 1%). recent investigations have shown the occurrence of ce cases in humans from the mountains between reggio emilia and modena, with an average year incidence between 9.4 and 5.6/100,000. in abruzzo prevalences in sheep and cattle are 20.2% and 15.3%, with a fertility of 4.6% and 1.3% ... | 2006 | 16881397 |
| updates on morphobiology, epidemiology and molecular characterization of coenurosis in sheep. | taenia multiceps (leske, 1780) is a taeniid cestode that in its adult stage lives in the small intestine of dogs and other canids. the metacestode, previously known as coenurus cerebralis, is usually found in the nervous system including brain and spinal cord in sheep and other ruminants. the presence of cysts typically leads to neurological symptoms that in the majority of cases result in the death of the animal from starvation after some weeks. coenurosis could cause high losses in sheep farms ... | 2006 | 16881398 |
| seroprevalence of bartonella henselae in dogs and cats in sassari. | | 2007 | 17682904 |
| serological and molecular detection of bartonella spp. in humans, cats and dogs from northern sardinia, italy. | | 2009 | 19456814 |
| [epidemiologic investigation of the pollen allergy to cupressaceae in a population at risk for atopy]. | the so-called emerging allergens have gained particular interest as causes of atopic diseases, and among these the cypress pollen. in fact, several allergens derived from the cupressaceae family have appeared for the first time in new environments, thus causing unexpected phenomena. from may 2002 to may 2003 we have examined 560 patients who sought medical attention at the center for allergic diseases in children. the patients came from various towns and villages from southern sardinia and all h ... | 2006 | 17533903 |
| molecular diagnosis of granulocytic anaplasmosis and infectious cyclic thrombocytopenia by pcr-rflp. | anaplasma phagocytophilum (a. phagocytophilum, formerly ehrlichia phagocytophila) is a tick-borne pathogen responsible for tick-borne fever in ruminants, equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (ege) in horses, canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (cge) in dogs, and for human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge). human cases have been registered in many countries with a broad range of symptoms and pathogenicity. this article focused on sardinia as the prevalence in humans was almost seven times higher than in t ... | 2006 | 17135540 |
| genetic variation within taenia multiceps in sardinia, western mediterranean (italy). | investigations were undertaken on taenia multiceps to determine if genetic variation was present within the parasites of sardinia (italy). forty samples were obtained from various locations of sardinia and deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) was extracted. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was performed on nadh dehydrogenase i (nd1) and cytochrome c subunit 1 (co1) mitochondrial genes and amplicons were then sequenced and aligned with bioedit software. pairwise comparison between the nd1 sequences of the ... | 2006 | 16614827 |
| equine and canine anaplasma phagocytophilum strains isolated on the island of sardinia (italy) are phylogenetically related to pathogenic strains from the united states. | the presence of anaplasma phagocytophilum, a tick-transmitted zoonotic pathogen, was investigated in sardinia using a molecular approach. phylogenetic analysis revealed that sardinian strains are genetically distinct from the two lineages previously described in europe and are closely related to strains isolated in different areas of the united states. | 2005 | 16204571 |
| cystic echinococcosis in sardinia: the current role of sheep. | cystic echinococcosis is one of the most widespread parasitosis in the mediterranean region. unfortunately this is also true for sardinia for various reasons, among which is the close relationship between sheep and dogs in the farms. this work first epidemiologically analyses hydatidosis in sheep in sardinia and then examines the most important causes of the persistence of these metacestodosis in sheep. the work looks at the factors which are responsible for the enormous quantity of illegal slau ... | 2004 | 16044699 |
| risk factors associated with helicobacter pylori infection among children in a defined geographic area. | factors influencing the pattern of helicobacter pylori infection among children living in adjacent urban and rural areas of northern sardinia, italy, were compared. the seroprevalence of h. pylori infection was 22% (625 of 2810 children) in the study population and was significantly higher among children in rural areas (37%) than in urban areas (13%) (odds ratio [or], 3.8; 95% confidence interval [ci], 3.2-4.7; p<.005). this difference was consistent within each age group. in rural areas, childr ... | 2002 | 12115088 |
| study on immunobiology in ectoparasites of public health interest: rhipicephalus sanguineus. | the recently defined range of mediterranean spotted fever (msf) in sardinia coincides with that of the widely studied rickettsia conorii vector, the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. this tick is major vector of disease in humans, domestic and wild animals. characteristic features of the vector with respect to their seasonal activity, abundance as well as incidence of human-tick contact and how these factors influence the incidence of msf were studied. this paper also looks at host, patho ... | 2001 | 12078475 |
| study on immunobiology in endoparasites of public health interest: echinococcosis-hydatidosis. | cystic echinococcosis caused by echinococcus granulosus is one of the most widespread zoonoses in the mediterranean, endemic in some regions such as sardinia. some aspects of the research conducted in this area are briefly reviewed for an integrated analysis of both epidemiological and immunobiological knowledge, gained from field observations and experimental studies. data on epidemiology in intermediate hosts, immunological assessment of exposure in humans, immune response and th1/th2 polariza ... | 2001 | 12078473 |
| canine monocytic ehrlichiosis presenting as acute blindness 36 months after importation into the uk. | a four-year-old labrador retriever developed sudden-onset blindness, associated with bilateral uveitis, intraocular haemorrhage and retinal detachment. it had been imported into the uk from sardinia 36 months before presentation. haematological abnormalities included non-regenerative anaemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. serum and urine protein electrophoresis demonstrated a monoclonal gammopathy. an immunofluorescent antibody test for ehrlichia canis was positive, with a titre of 1:320, co ... | 2000 | 10879405 |
| hydatidosis: a comprehensive view of the sardinian case. | in sardinia the close association of sheep, dogs and humans still exists in some parts of the region, so that ideal conditions persist for the perpetuation of the parasite's life cycle. two factors contribute to the spread of the disease: the practice of slaughtering sheep at home and the proliferation of dogs, mainly strays. this paper reviews the epidemiological picture and the economic consequences of the disease in man and livestock, strongly suggesting that this endemic disease is a major p ... | 1997 | 9802093 |
| [research on the distribution of subclinical salmonellosis of the dog in sardinia]. | | 1981 | 7295398 |
| leishmaniasis in sardinia: an introductory note. | preliminary data on a project planned in sardinia for the epidemiological study of leishmaniases are presented. twenty-six dogs were found infected in the south-western part of the island. nine isolates were successfully stabilated . in a canine leishmaniasis focus on the outskirts of cagliari, phlebotomus perniciosus was the predominant sandfly species (95%). in the same area, 28 specimens of rattus norvegicus were trapped and their spleen homogenate was injected into hamsters. no leishmania ha ... | 1983 | 6673847 |
| cost-effectiveness analysis of echinococcosis-hydatidosis eradication project in sardinia. | in this study we attempt to evaluate the convenience of a campaign to eradicate the echinococcosis in sardinia vs a 'do-nothing' or do-very-little policy adopted at this time. the main conditions which have to be met in setting up the eradication programme are identified as follows: (a) precise knowledge of the real diffusion of the parasitosis in man and animals; (b) eradication project control (action research); (c) health education; (d) reduction of stray canine population; (e) anthelmintics ... | 1984 | 6441260 |
| hydatidosis in sardinia: review and recommendations. | in sardinia, hydatidosis due to echinococcus granulosus is endemic and constitutes a current and important problem in the economy and public health. this paper reviews the epidemiological aspects, including the geographical distribution, and the socio-cultural factors involved in the dissemination of hydatidosis. hospital data indicate that about 200 people undergo surgery for hydatid cysts every year with an average of 8.8 deaths annually. an average of 80% of the sheep are infected, constituti ... | 1985 | 4002284 |
| leishmaniasis in sardinia. i. observations on a larval breeding site of phlebotomus perniciosus, phlebotomus perfiliewi perfiliewi and sergentomyia minuta (diptera: psychodidae) in the canine leishmaniasis focus of soleminis (cagliari). | during the summer-autumn period of 1983 and 1984, 1408 specimens of phlebotomus perniciosus, 74 of p. perfiliewi perfiliewi and 35 of sergentomyia minuta were caught in emergence traps in a locality close to the village of soleminis, a canine leishmaniasis focus 15 km from cagliari, sardinia. all the flies were collected from a breeding site inside an abandoned cement building. male flies were highly predominant for all three species. a few larvae of p. perniciosus were also collected from the s ... | 1986 | 3800470 |
| [parasitologic studies on an indigenous case of creeping dermatitis in sardinia]. | | 1988 | 3253186 |
| leishmaniasis in sardinia. 5. leishmanin reaction in the human population of a focus of low endemicity of canine leishmaniasis. | about half (640 subjects) of the population of soleminis, a canine leishmaniasis focus 15 km north of cagliari, sardinia, was subjected to the leishmanin skin test. the total positive rate was 9.7%, and that of males was 15.5%. the age trend in the positive rate resembled a hyperbolic curve, with the 0-5 years age group rate being zero and the highest rate (39.3%) occurring in the 55-65 years age group. the soleminis focus was classified as hypoendemic, with a prevalence of canine leishmaniasis ... | 1990 | 2260172 |
| [animal bites in the city of cagliari, 1985-1989]. | | 1992 | 1283945 |
| cystic echinococcosis in sardinia: farmers' knowledge and dog infection in sheep farms. | cystic echinococcosis (ce) is one of the most widespread parasitic diseases in sardinia, the second largest mediterranean island where almost 3,558,000 milk sheep were raised extensively. the aim of this survey was to evaluate the level of farmers' knowledge on ce transmission, focusing on the role of human to facilitate the persistence of this zoonosis in sardinia after 14 years after the last campaign against ce. the other goal of the survey is to update on presence of echinococcus granulosus ... | 2011 | 21645971 |
| cystic echinococcosis in the sheep: causes of its persistence in sardinia. | the authors analyse the current epidemiological situation of sheep cystic echinococcosis (ce) in sardinia, where the prevalence of ovine ce is still very high (70%) and this parasitosis is also frequently found in the human population. for this reason sardinia represents a peculiar model for ce study, because there are particular conditions that allow echinococcus granulosus to complete its life cycle. some social and economical factors support the persistence of sheep ce: over 3 million sarda b ... | 2009 | 19588262 |
| commonalities in development of pure breeds and population isolates revealed in the genome of the sardinian fonni's dog. | the island inhabitants of sardinia have long been a focus for studies of complex human traits due to their unique ancestral background and population isolation reflecting geographic and cultural restriction. population isolates share decreased genomic diversity, increased linkage disequilibrium, and increased inbreeding coefficients. in many regions, dogs and humans have been exposed to the same natural and artificial forces of environment, growth, and migration. distinct dog breeds have arisen ... | 2016 | 27519604 |