| from clover to computer. towards programmed anaesthesia? | the control of depth of anaesthesia has been viewed as a control-system problem the solution of which can involve both feedback and feedforward techniques. the nature of the problem in clover's day and the solutions he found have been examined. a similar analysis has been made in respect of the modern anaesthetist. finally, the way in which computers may aid the anaesthetist in his task has been illustrated by reference to various attempts reported from around the world and, in particular, by de ... | 1979 | 375770 |
| hydatid disease in whales: 1. epidemiology. | the literature on the epidemiology of hydatid disease in domesticated animals in wales is reviewed and the results of a recent survey in a restricted area of mid wales summarised. in this survey the epidemiology of hydatid disease was studied with a view to the formulation of methods of control. | 1978 | 644824 |
| hydatid disease in wales: 2. eradication. | the importance of hydatid disease in man and domesticated animals in britain, and particularly in wales, is reviewed. while the disease occurs throughout wales the rural population in powys shows the highest rate as estimated by hospital records and serological findings. the losses due to offal condemnation in sheep and cattle are estimated as at least 250,000. it is suggested that the feasibility of an area eradication scheme for wales should be investigated; the form which this scheme might ta ... | 1978 | 644825 |
| helminth parasites of dogs and cats and toxoplasmosis antibodies in cats in swansea, south wales. | | 1978 | 718299 |
| hydatid disease in wales. | | 1977 | 877987 |
| research at the tenovus institute. | | 1976 | 957273 |
| a survey of the source of pups and their health status as seen in the north west region of the bsava. | | 1975 | 1195676 |
| a survey of taeniid cestodes in farm dogs in mid-wales. | in 1983-1988, dogs on 315 farms in powys, mid-wales, were purged once with arecoline acetarsol and the faecal purges were examined for cestodes. a few dogs were examined by autopsy. ninety-seven farms had at least one infected dog, and cestodes were found in 161 of the 882 dogs examined. the ovine strain of echinococcus granulosus was found in 41 dogs on 25 farms. taenia hydatigena, t. pisiformis, t. multiceps, t. serialis, t. ovis and dipylidium caninum were recovered from 85, 35, 15, 3, 19 and ... | 1992 | 1417204 |
| the cestodes of foxhounds and foxes in powys, mid-wales. | cestodes were found in 129 of 875 foxhounds from 20 packs in powys, mid-wales, examined by purging in 1983-1988, in the following order of prevalence: taenia hydatigena in 57 hounds (6.51%), echinococcus granulosus in 27 (3.09%), dipylidium caninum in 25 (2.86%), t. ovis in 14 (1.60%), t. pisiformis in 10 (1.14%), t. serialis in five (0.57%) and t. multiceps in four (0.46%). of 197 foxes examined by autopsy, 22 harboured cestodes: two (1.02%) had e. granulosus, nine (4.57%) t. polyacantha, eight ... | 1992 | 1417205 |
| use of sentinel lambs for early monitoring of the south powys hydatidosis control scheme: prevalence of echinococcus granulosus and some other helminths. | sentinel lambs were used to identify young echinococcus granulosus infections in sheep, to provide an early indication of the progress of the south powys hydatidosis control scheme. four sentinel lambs were purchased on each of 60 farms, from inside and outside the control area; they were examined when approximately six, 10 and 15 months of age. gross examination, thin slicing of organs and histological examination of the lesions in the viscera revealed no e granulosus hydatid cysts in lambs bor ... | 1991 | 1833872 |
| the epidemiology of echinococcus granulosus in the u.k. viii. the structure of adult colonies of e.g. equinus say in farm dogs in wales. | the status of echinococcus granulosus equinus in farm dogs was examined in two valleys in south powys, wales. in one valley 76% of the dogs examined were infected, and there was at least one infected dog on every farm except one. in the second valley 49% of the dogs were infected. the structure of natural adult colonies of echinococcus is described, and the population dynamics of the parasite in the u.k. is discussed. every colony in the dogs, excepting the very smallest and the very youngest, c ... | 1991 | 1888222 |
| the epidemiology of echinococcus granulosus in great britain. v. the status of subspecies of echinococcus granulosus in great britain. | twenty-five years ago williams and sweatman suggested that in great britain there are two subspecies of echinococcus granulosus--e. granulosus granulosus and e. granulosus equinus. echinococcus granulosus granulosus does not mature either in foxes or in horses: e. granulosus equinus will mature in either. the prepatent period of e. granulosus granulosus in the definitive host is about 42 days while that of e. granulosus equinus is about 70 days. each subspecies has a characteristic morphology. m ... | 1989 | 2596902 |
| the changing incidence of human hydatid disease in england and wales. | the incidence of hospital-diagnosed human hydatid disease acquired in the uk was estimated from a survey based on hospital activity analysis data for the period 1974-83. the average annual incidence in wales was 0.4 per 100,000 population compared with 0.02 per 100,000 in england. within wales, powys, and particularly brecknock, had the highest incidence (7 per 100,000 per year). compared with the period 1953-62, the average annual incidence for wales fell by half (from 0.8 to 0.4 per 100,000 pe ... | 1987 | 3428374 |
| the prevalence and epidemiology of cestodes in dogs in clwyd, wales. ii. hunting dogs. | studies of a foxhound pack and gundog kennel in clwyd, wales showed 47 of 162 foxhounds (29%) and six of 25 gundogs (24%) to be infested with cestodes. taeniia species were found in both groups, t. hydatigena being most common. echinococcus granulosus and dipylidium caninum were found in hounds only. the husbandry of the dogs was investigated and close relationships were found between diet, worming procedures and cestode infestation. these dogs play an important role in disseminating cestode egg ... | 1987 | 3675042 |
| the prevalence and epidemiology of cestodes in dogs in clwyd, wales. i. farm dogs. | the results of a survey of 51 farms in clwyd carried out between 1981 and 1983 to elucidate the prevalence and epidemiology of dog cestodes are reported. taeniid species were obtained from 24 (17.1%) of the 140 dogs which purged. taenia ovis and t. hydatigena appeared to depend largely on dogs scavenging from carcasses for the perpetuation of their life-cycles, whereas t. multiceps was found only in dogs on two farms where sheep heads formed the main diet of the dogs. dog husbandry in relation t ... | 1985 | 3834846 |
| the epidemiology of hydatid disease in england and wales. | the epidemiology of hydatid disease in man in england and wales, based on the data collected between 1981 and 1983 at the hydatid reference laboratory of the public health laboratory service, is presented. the incidence of hydatid disease was 42 cases per annum, with 2 cases per million population occurring in wales and 0.2 per million in england. the highest prevalence was in london amongst the immigrant population. the incidence in the indigenous population was 15.5 cases per annum, with 5.6 c ... | 1986 | 3950392 |
| pressurised aerosols. a new look. | | 1974 | 4424356 |
| salmonellosis. | | 1967 | 4918279 |
| some observations on the seasonal incidence and frequency of oestrus in breeding bitches in britain. | | 1971 | 5102592 |
| the epidemiology of echinococcus infection in great britain. 3. echinococcus granulosus and cestodes of the genus taenia in farm dogs in england in the lake district, northern pennines and east anglia. | | 1971 | 5103531 |
| hydatid control scheme in south powys, wales, uk. | | 1984 | 6486924 |
| childhood accidents--an endemic of epidemic proportion. | information about accidental injury to children was obtained by studying children who presented at hospitals in south glamorgan during a 6-month period. just under 10 000 children who lived in the area presented at hospital, which, if extrapolated means that 20% of children each year might be expected to attend hospital after an accident. the majority (71%) of children needed only simple investigation, treatment, or reassurance. the distance between the site of the accident and the hospital was ... | 1981 | 7212762 |
| haemaphysalis punctata and ixodes ricinus in a coastal habitat in north wales. | the populations of haemaphysalis punctata and ixodes ricinus on the mynydd mawr national trust reserve, gwynedd, were studied for two years. h. punctata was the more numerous species, being recoverable by blanket dragging over most of the year except for some very short days. there were spring and late summer peaks of activity. it seems probable that the complete life cycle of h punctata takes two or three years in this habitat. the activity of i ricinus was short relative to h punctata, but spr ... | 1981 | 7244372 |
| control of hydatid disease in wales. | to evaluate the success of the south powys hydatid control programme by analysis of trends in cystic disease in humans and sheep and dog infestation. | 1996 | 8597734 |
| the distribution of clostridium difficile in the environment of south wales. | a large study of the distribution of clostridium difficile in the environment of the cardiff area of south wales was performed with a methodology designed to maximise recovery. a total of 2580 samples was taken, with 184 (7.1%) yielding isolates. the highest yield for c. difficile was obtained from river waters, with 14 (87.5%) of 16 samples from four rivers positive, and from sea water samples with 7 (44%) of 15 positive from six beaches on the bristol channel. in addition, 7 (46.7%) of 15 samp ... | 1996 | 8683549 |
| analysis of influenza a h3n2 strains isolated in england during 1995-1996 using polymerase chain reaction restriction. | a polymerase chain reaction-restriction (pcr-restriction) endonuclease assay was developed to allow rapid analysis of influenza a h3n2 viruses circulating in england during 1995-1996. restriction endonuclease digestion with two enzymes of amplicons derived from pcr of the ha1 portion of the influenza haemagglutinin (ha) gene was able to differentiate antigenically similar influenza strains into two groups. group i variants were similar genetically to the 1995/96 vaccine strain, a/johannesburg/33 ... | 1997 | 9139090 |
| worming of dogs in mid-wales for echinococcus granulosus. | | 1997 | 9160536 |
| canine angiostrongylosis in south wales. | | 1997 | 9228704 |
| distribution of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. spirochaete dna in british ticks (argasidae and ixodidae) since the 19th century, assessed by pcr. | the distribution of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the lyme borreliosis agent, was surveyed in british ticks in the collection of the natural history museum, london. alcohol-preserved specimens of eight species of ticks known to attack humans were studied: ixodes ricinus, i. hexagonus, i. uriae, i. trianguliceps, dermacentor reticulatus, haemaphysalis punctata, rhipicephalus sanguineus and argas vespertilionis. the sample comprised all life stages and originated from a wide range of host speci ... | 1998 | 9513944 |
| use of sentinel lambs to survey the effect of an education programme on control of transmission of echinococcus granulosus in south powys, wales. | in this article the effects of an education programme (area ii) on transmission of echinococcus granulosus from dogs to sheep in wales and of substitution of the education programme by a 6-weekly anthelmintic control programme (area i) are compared with the situation in an area where no control interventions had occurred (area iii). the education programme failed to prevent transmission of e. granulosus to sentinel lambs examined at 15 months of age, 6%, 4%, and 10% of which were infected in are ... | 1998 | 9868837 |
| a cross-sectional survey to analyse the risk factors associated with human cystic echinococcosis in an endemic area of mid-wales. | in mid-wales, the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis (hydatid disease) in humans and other animals has been well documented. a cross-sectional study was therefore undertaken to examine the associated demographic and environmental risk factors for the disease in humans, in powys, mid-wales. overall, 223 fully completed questionnaires were returned from a postal survey. eighteen of the respondents had been treated for cystic echinococcosis (ce). no significant association was found between many o ... | 2000 | 10884868 |
| convictions and alleged misconduct lead to disciplinary inquiry. | | 2002 | 11888108 |
| multiple genetic typing of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium isolates of different phage types (dt104, u302, dt204b, and dt49) from animals and humans in england, wales, and northern ireland. | salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium is a common cause of salmonellosis among humans and animals in england, wales, and northern ireland. phage types dt104 and u302 were the most prevalent types in both livestock and humans in 2001. in addition, salmonella serotype typhimurium dt204b was responsible for a recent international outbreak involving england. a total of 119 isolates from humans (n = 28) and animals or their environment (n = 91), belonging to dt104 (n = 66), u302 (n = 33), dt204b ( ... | 2002 | 12454135 |
| sarcoptic mange in foxes. | | 2003 | 12620040 |
| the current and future management of wild mammals hunted with dogs in england and wales. | there is increasing concern about the use of lethal methods to control wild mammal populations, especially those methods that may have significant impacts on animal welfare. the continued use of dogs to hunt wild mammals in england and wales, principally foxes (vulpes vulpes), red deer (cervus elaphus), brown hares (lepus europaeus) and mink (mustela vison), has become a focus for political debate and has been the subject of a recent uk government inquiry. this paper reports the results of a que ... | 2003 | 12654279 |
| the epidemiology of echinococcus infection in great britain. i. abnormal behaviour of sheep in the mining valleys of south wales and its relation to hydatid disease in man. | | 1963 | 14046080 |
| the epidemiology of echinococcus infection in great britain. ii.the incidence of echinococcus granulosus and some other cestodes in farm dogs in mid-wales. | | 1964 | 14183099 |
| audit of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in england and wales in 1990 and 2000. | the objectives were to compare rabies post-exposure prophylaxis issued by the public health laboratory service (phls) in 1990 and in 2000, to evaluate their appropriateness, and to make recommendations for future issue of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in england and wales. the method was to review all rabies vaccine and immunoglobulin issues by phls in 1990 and 2000 with evaluation against department of health recommendations. the phls issued prophylaxis to 656 people in 1990 and 295 people i ... | 2004 | 15259410 |
| reemergence of canine echinococcus granulosus infection, wales. | as a consequence of large-scale outdoor slaughter of sheep during the 2001 foot and mouth disease (fmd) outbreak in the united kingdom and the possibility of increased risk for transmission of echinococcus granulosus between sheep and dogs, a large survey of canine echinococcosis was undertaken in mid-wales in 2002. an echinococcus coproantigen-positive rate of 8.1% (94/1,164) was recorded on 22% of farms surveyed, which compares to a rate of 3.4% obtained in the same region in 1993. positivity ... | 2005 | 15829195 |
| re-emerging risk of hydatid disease in wales. | | 2005 | 16339985 |
| the relative risk of police use-of-force options: evaluating the potential for deployment of electronic weaponry. | an electronic weapon, the taser m26, has recently entered the use-of-force continuum for police officers in england and wales and is currently licensed for use by authorised firearms officers only. the aim of this report was to assess the relative risk of injury to officers and subjects of police use-of-force options and to evaluate whether the current positioning of the m26 in the use-of-force hierarchy is appropriate. we analysed use-of-force data from northamptonshire police force and m26 fie ... | 2006 | 16442332 |
| quality of life and visual rehabilitation: an observational study of low vision in three general practices in west glamorgan. | to survey low vision in an urban population and assess impact on quality of life, rehabilitation and support. | 2007 | 16456593 |
| updates on morphobiology, epidemiology and molecular characterization of coenurosis in sheep. | taenia multiceps (leske, 1780) is a taeniid cestode that in its adult stage lives in the small intestine of dogs and other canids. the metacestode, previously known as coenurus cerebralis, is usually found in the nervous system including brain and spinal cord in sheep and other ruminants. the presence of cysts typically leads to neurological symptoms that in the majority of cases result in the death of the animal from starvation after some weeks. coenurosis could cause high losses in sheep farms ... | 2006 | 16881398 |
| investigation of farms linked to human patients with cryptosporidiosis in england and wales. | the study investigates farms suspected of being sources of zoonotic human cryptosporidiosis. a variety of implicated farm animal species were sampled and tested to detect cryptosporidium oocysts and investigate genetic linkage with human patients. risk factor information was collected from each farm and analysed by multivariable logistic regression to detect significant associations between factors and cryptosporidium in animals. the results showed that average sample prevalence of cryptosporidi ... | 2010 | 20096944 |
| risk factors for tail injuries in dogs in great britain. | the aim of the current study was to quantify the risk of tail injury, to evaluate the extent to which tail docking reduces this risk, and to identify other major risk factors for tail injury in dogs in great britain. a nested case-control study was conducted during 2008 and 2009. data were obtained from a stratified random sample of veterinary practices throughout great britain, and questionnaires were sent to owners of dogs with tail injuries and owners of a randomly selected sample of dogs wit ... | 2010 | 20581358 |
| spatial and temporal investigation of echinococcus granulosus coproantigen prevalence in farm dogs in south powys, wales. | the prevalence of canine echinococcosis appears to have been increasing in mid/south wales in recent years - raising the concern of a potential resurgence in transmission to humans. a campaign was therefore conducted in 2008 in order to provide dogs in south powys with anthelmintics, estimate the coproantigen prevalence amongst these dogs, and evaluate potential risk factors for coproantigen positivity. the coproantigen prevalence identified in these dogs (n=577) was 10.6% (95% confidence interv ... | 2010 | 21185652 |
| wales moves to tighten dog breeding rules. | | 2010 | 21257475 |
| prevalence, distribution and risk associated with tick infestation of dogs in great britain. | current concerns over the potential impacts of climate change and the increased movement between countries of people and companion animals on the distribution of ectoparasites, highlight the need for accurate understanding of existing prevalence patterns. without these future changes will not be detected. here, the distribution and prevalence of tick infestations of domestic dogs in great britain were examined. a total of 173 veterinary practices were recruited to monitor tick attachment to dogs ... | 2011 | 21418263 |
| welsh legislation on dog breeding delayed. | | 2011 | 21498189 |
| welsh government confirms commitment to dog welfare law. | | 2011 | 21856659 |
| antibacterial prescribing patterns in small animal veterinary practice identified via savsnet: the small animal veterinary surveillance network. | in this study, data from veterinary clinical records were collected via the small animal veterinary surveillance network (savsnet). over a three-month period, data were obtained from 22,859 consultations at 16 small animal practices in england and wales: 69 per cent from dogs, 24 per cent from cats, 3 per cent from rabbits and 4 per cent from miscellaneous species. the proportion of consults where prescribing of antibacterials was identified was 35.1 per cent for dogs, 48.5 per cent for cats and ... | 2011 | 21911433 |
| Farm dog neutering scheme takes off. | | 2011 | 22081634 |
| revised proposals for dog breeding legislation in wales. | | 2012 | 22247196 |