| psycho-social aspects of hiv infection and aids in multiple transfused thalassemic children. | two hundred and three multi-transfused children with thalassemia attending the thalassemia clinic of the charak palika hospital, new delhi were screened for human immuno-deficiency virus (hiv) antibodies by elisa test. all positive cases were confirmed by the western blot test. of the 203 children screened, 17 (8.37%) were hiv seropositive and the other 3 children referred to the aiims were from neighbouring states. these children were compared with 20 age matched hiv negative thalassemics as co ... | 1992 | 1452260 |
| screening for seroprevalence of htlv-iii/hiv infection in high risk groups in delhi. | serum samples from a total of 1505 (826 males and 679 females) individuals belonging to various categories of delhi based high-risk groups, such as those attending clinics which treat sexually transmitted diseases (n=700), prostitutes (n=348), jail inmates (n=325), drug addicts (n=26), blood donors (n=11), those clinically suspected aids cases (n=89), and those who underwent coronary bypass surgery abroad during the past 3-4 years (n=6) were screened for the presence of antibodies to htlv-iii/la ... | 1986 | 3805683 |
| tnai workshop on nursing care management of people with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv): a report. | hiv has touched every part of the thailand at all levels of society. nurses through their close contact with people can help check transmission of the virus and dispel myths and misconceptions about the disease and how hiv is spread. to that end, the trained nurses association of india organized a workshop on the nursing care management of people with hiv during may 10-15, 1993, at its headquarters in new delhi. 51 nurses working in capacities ranging from health supervisors to assistant dire ... | 1993 | 8139985 |
| seroepidemiological investigations on human immunodeficiency virus infections in some parts of india. | 2597 serum samples from individuals belonging to various groups were screened for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the majority of the sera screened were from residents of india; 16 were from foreigners. screening was done using elisa kits from 4 different commercial sources. samples which were reactive initially were retested using the same kit. 4 samples were reactive repeatedly in all the kits used. 2 of these were from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( ... | 1988 | 3165084 |
| human immunodeficiency virus infection in the blood donors of delhi, india. | in the present study, blood from paid and unpaid donors was screened for the presence of hiv infection using a competitive elisa test. none of the 8,000 unpaid donors but 4 (0.23%) of the 1,700 paid donors showed evidence of hiv infection. all of these four elisa-positive samples were confirmed by the western blot test. the present study indicates that hiv infection has entered the group of paid donors in the delhi metropolitan area. careful donor screening, discouraging use of paid donors, and ... | 1990 | 2295975 |
| behavioural risk factors for acquisition of hiv infection and knowledge about aids among male professional blood donors in delhi. | in 1989-90 a study was carried out in delhi of the risk behaviours and epidemiological characteristics exhibited by 15 paid blood donors who were positive for human immunodeficiency (hiv) virus and on 100 paid seronegative donors. all the donors were male. compared with the seronegative donors, a significantly greater proportion of seropositive donors were unmarried, had lived in at least two cities in the previous 5 years, donated blood at least once per month, were heterosexually promiscuous, ... | 1991 | 1893506 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in multitransfused children with thalassemia. | two hundred and three multi-transfused children with thalassemia attending the thalassemia clinic of the charak palika hospital, new delhi were screened for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies by elisa and all positive cases were confirmed by western blot. of the 203 children screened, 18 (8.9%) were hiv positive, and in these children a detailed immunological work up was done and compared to 18 age-matched hiv negative thalassemics as controls. the tests included absolute lymphocyte c ... | 1993 | 8288325 |
| increasing trend of hiv seropositivity in a sexually transmitted diseases centre and epidemiology of hiv seropositive individuals. | 11,539 std clinic attenders and 20,897 antenatal clinic (anc) attenders at a new delhi hospital were screened for hiv antibodies by elisa over a 3-year period. results were confirmed by western blot. a low hiv seropositivity rate (1 per 1000) with an increasing trend in 1993 (4 per 1000) was observed in the std attenders as against 0.1 per 1000 in the normal control populations. most of the std attenders including all the hiv seropositives had heterosexual contact with female sex workers. both t ... | 1996 | 8652712 |
| low prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv-1) infection in population attending a major hospital in new delhi, india. | during 4 year period between april 1990 and march 1994, 4120 specimens from the patients attending out patient departments of medical, surgical and antenatal units of a major city hospital were tested for hiv infection as a part of an on-going sentinel surveillance programme. in addition, 1440 specimens from the patients attending std clinic of the same hospital and 862 females seeking termination of pregnancy from a near by hospital were included for comparison. it was found that only 3 individ ... | 1996 | 8778180 |
| lack of evidence of hiv-2 infection among multitransfused thalassemic children in the city of new delhi. | | 1996 | 8984209 |
| hiv-2 prevalence in uttar pradesh. | serum samples collected since 1989 with various patterns of reactivity for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1, on the basis of screening elisa and confirmatory western blot (wb) test, were subjected to the detection of hiv-2 infection based on screening dot immunoassay and confirmatory wb for hiv-2. significant prevalence of hiv-2 infection was (37.03%) among sera reactive for hiv-1 by elisa but indeterminate by western blot, compared with sera reactive for hiv-1 by elisa and wb (3.29%) or neg ... | 1996 | 9062036 |
| analysis of quality assurance programmes for hiv screening in blood transfusion centres in delhi. | the safety of blood transfusion has attained tremendous importance because of the problems posed by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and other transfusion-transmissible diseases. while performing screening tests for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies in donated blood is indispensable, it is also essential to introduce an effective quality assurance programme covering inspection of specimens, review of record-keeping, maintenance of equipment, and verification of results. we c ... | 1997 | 9277009 |
| prevalence of transfusion associated infections in multitransfused children in relation to mandatory screening of hiv in donated blood. | any change in risk behavior related to acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is likely to reduce simultaneously the risk for other agents transmitted through identical routes. a study carried out in the city of delhi, india on the load of transfusion associated infections among multitransfused (mt) children in relation to mandatory screening of hiv infection in donated blood indicated unchanged prevalence of hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis d v ... | 1997 | 9656388 |
| incidence of hiv infection & its predictors in blood donors in delhi. | the concurrence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection with hepatitis b virus (hbv) and syphilis and the trend that these infections have followed in blood donors during the last eight years from 1989 to 1997 were studied at a zonal blood testing centre in new delhi. overall, hiv was positive in 0.068 per cent blood donors in this period. a significant rise was found in hiv infection (particularly in a small subgroup of voluntary donors) after 1995 and in vdrl reactivity after 1993. how ... | 1998 | 9785678 |
| high prevalence of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections amongst the inmates of a district jail in northern india. | two hundred and forty male and 9 female jail inmates confined for various crimes in a district jail near delhi were screened for sexually transmitted and blood-borne diseases including hiv, syphilis and hepatitis b and c viral infections, skin diseases etc. the inmates were aged 15-50 years with a mean of 24.8+/-0.11. their alleged criminal background, period of stay in the jail, drug addiction, education, birth place, marital status, sexual activity, and clinical complaints were recorded by an ... | 1999 | 10454185 |
| hepatitis b, c and human immunodeficiency virus infections in multiply-injected kala-azar patients in delhi. | sera from 164 patients with parasitologically confirmed kala-azar and 100 patients with non-kala-azar delhite in 2 delhi hospitals were tested for anti-human immunodeficiency (anti-hiv) and anti-hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) antibodies and hepatitis b surface antigens to determine which group is more likely to contract these infections. the mean age of the patients was 32.5 y (+/-6.5 y), (120 m, 44 f). two patients were from nepal and the others from the kala-azar endemic state of bihar, india. a ... | 2000 | 10716069 |
| increased promoter diversity reveals a complex phylogeny of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype c in india. | to evaluate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) long terminal repeat (ltr) sequence diversity among distinct populations within india and to determine the prevalent subtype. | 2000 | 10774805 |
| genomic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 in india. | surveillance of hiv-1 subtypes has important implications for the development of candidate vaccine and understanding the possible differences in the transmission and natural history of different subtypes. in this study, hiv-1 subtypes were determined for homologies in the c2-v3-v5 region by heteroduplex mobility assay (hma) in hiv-1 seropositive patients referred to the national hiv/aids reference centre, all india institute of medical sciences in new delhi, india. of the 125 samples analysed, 9 ... | 2002 | 11839166 |
| a constitution for aids. | the indian health organization projected the number of deaths per day due to aids by the year 2000 at 10,000. an interdisciplinary international conference was held in new delhi to draft an international law governing the issues related to aids. human freedom and public health policies are the most affected by this disease. in the absence of an international aids law, judicial verdicts set precedents and could have serious ramifications. a participant from the john marshall law school, chica ... | 1996 | 12179199 |
| hiv, drug use, unsafe sex -- bad news. | the institute of human behaviour and allied sciences (ihbas), delhi, in collaboration with the national institute on drug abuse, usa, organized a four-day indo-us workshop on behavioural and social research for injectable drug abuse and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) prevention. the workshop was sponsored by the national aids control organisation, ministry of health & family welfare, government of india, medical council of india, indian council of medical research, national institute on dru ... | 1996 | 12179219 |
| sperm as activating cofactors in hiv sexual transmission. | researchers at the university of california at los angeles and at the national institute for immunology in new delhi, india conducted parallel laboratory studies which indicate that sperm may augment hiv infectivity. the studies showed that hiv binds easily to sperm. further, sperm infects target peripheral blood leukocytes (pbls) proficiently. in addition, sperm binds to hla-dr molecules which can transduce signals. similar to what happens when an immobilized anti hla-dr antibody binds with ... | 1991 | 12284238 |
| drug use among the urban poor in kolkata: behaviour and environment correlates of low hiv infection. | hiv infection in injecting drug users (idus) has worked as a driving force for further spread of the virus in other population groups. major metropolitan cities such as mumbai, kolkota, chennai and delhi have seen a diffusion of injecting drug use within the last decade. the prevalence of hiv infection among injectors ranges from 2% to 30%. identifying effective interventional elements that have kept the prevalence of hiv low for the past 7 years among idus of kolkata is thus of public health im ... | 2002 | 12186324 |
| women and aids. | in this article, dr. p.n. sehgal, former director of the national institute of communicable diseases in delhi, explains the steps that women need to take to protect themselves against aids and discusses some issues facing women who have already contracted the disease. because of women's lack of status in the family and society, it is harder for them to ensure their safety. women based at home often lack information on aids, and those women who are informed sometimes depend on their male partne ... | 1991 | 12283904 |
| indian doctors learn hiv / aids care skills. | an estimated 1.6 million people are infected with hiv in india, but many indian physicians lack the skills to diagnose aids-related illness. the first component of a program by india's national aids control organization (naco) to train district-level doctors in aids skills, to develop counseling services, and to improve the recording and reporting of aids cases was a workshop on the diagnosis and management of aids held in new delhi from august 21 to september 3, 1993. this paper is the report ... | 1993 | 12287430 |
| a critical analysis of the law on aids in india. | though global focus upon aids has centered largely upon the united states and countries in africa, the growing number of aids cases and hiv-infected persons in india should not be ignored. the number of reported hiv+ cases have increased from zero in september, 1989, to 910 by june, 1990. reports have come from 4 cities, and from the northeastern states of manipur and nagaland. india's policymakers and legislative bodies have not, however, responded in the most constructive manner to the intr ... | 1991 | 12284540 |
| awareness of hiv results in increased condom sales. | india's government reports a campaign against hiv increased condom sales by 4% in 1994. new delhi reported a sale of more than 1 billion condoms in 1993-94 after a sharp decline of 8% in 1993, the times of india said. increasing awareness of hiv accounted for the growth in the condom market, said an official of hindustan latex ltd. "men in india do not use condoms for contraception," the company's executive director daolly frances said. "they leave that burden to women." the total market sa ... | 1994 | 12288269 |
| integrating hiv / aids care in family welfare services: the pss experience. | in india, participants of a consultative meeting in early february 1994 in haryana state on std (sexually transmitted disease) and aids prevention in family welfare programs and those at a december 1994 workshop in jaipur state on integration of rti (reproductive tract infections)/std/hiv prevention activities into family welfare programs agreed on the need to broaden the scope of family welfare programs to include rti/std/hiv prevention and control. the meeting participants examined 4 case stu ... | 1996 | 12292107 |
| fatal ignorance. | the rajiv gandhi foundation (rgf), together with the aims-affiliated ngo aids cell, delhi, held a workshop as part of an effort to raise a 90-doctor rgf aids workforce which will work together with nongovernmental organizations on aids prevention, control, and management. 25 general practitioners registered with the indian medical council, who have practiced medicine in delhi for the past 10-20 years, responded to a pre-program questionnaire on hiv-related knowledge and attitudes. 6 out of the ... | 1996 | 12291319 |
| professional donors protest. | in new delhi, india, professional blood donors, a group of impoverished men who sell blood for a living, reject the accusation that they have spread hiv infection through india's blood supply. lax sterilization practices by blood banks are blamed. secrecy surrounds those professional donors, hiv positive, due to social ostracism, and a hiv-positive report among 6 children donating blood is reported to have led to suicide attempts. estimates of the donor population range from 20,000 to 30,000 ... | 1992 | 12318131 |
| health care and human rights. | on april 6, 1995, in new delhi, india, demonstrators with the group aids bhedbhav virodhi andolan (abva) protested against the death of an aids patient in calcutta due to medical negligence. they observed two minutes of silence in the memory of dipak biswas and carried signs stating fight aids not aids patients, aids patients have human rights, and wake up, national human rights commission. the demonstrators also submitted a memorandum to the chairman of the national human rights commission and ... | 1995 | 12319587 |
| hiv thrives in ancient traditions. | participation in ancient traditions is facilitating the current spread of hiv through india. for most of the year, koovagam is a typical indian village. each april on the night of the full moon, however, the chittirai-pournami festival is held in koovagam, a celebration in homage to aravan during which up to 2000 pilgrims from across the country engage in thousands of acts of unprotected sexual intercourse. aravan is a man depicted in a hindu tale who asked to experience sexual bliss before b ... | 1995 | 12319989 |
| india embarks on vaccine-development scheme. | six diseases are the targets of the vaccine development program in india. the project involves 12 national research institutions and two private companies, indian immunologicals and bharat biotech, which are both based in hyderabad, india. targets of the program are aids, cholera, japanese encephalitis, malaria, rabies, and tuberculosis. in a report in the journal nature medicine, k. s. jayaraman notes that a single agency--the department of biotechnology (dbt)--will oversee the project. acc ... | 1999 | 12346553 |
| india's national family health survey provides new information on maternal and child health and aids awareness. | teams surveyed a sample of 88,562 households, drawn from 99% of the population of india in 24 states plus the national capital territory of delhi, between april 1992 and september 1993 to collect a basic set of information on all 500,492 household members, with more details on the 89,777 women in the households who had ever been married and were aged 13-49 years. this national family health survey (nfhs) collected information from the women on a range of health topics including child immunizati ... | 1995 | 12346172 |
| tracking the trucks. | the national aids control organization (naco) set up a national program to improve awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (stis) among truck drivers in india. the goal is to encourage networking between nongovernmental organizations and encourage collaboration among the projects in different cities and states. the initial program reached 1.7 million truck drivers and treated 25,000 cases of sti. the top gear clinic (run by naz, a delhi-based ngo) provides ... | 1999 | 12349236 |
| a pestilent monster on prowl. | world aids day 1997 was commemorated in delhi, india, with a "walk for life" led by the union minister of state for health and the premier of a telefilm on aids. in india, by august 1997, 66,460 out of 3,156,800 hiv tests had positive results and nearly 1% of the adult population is estimated to be infected. an estimated 1 million children are hiv-positive. as a result of the strong associations between aids and poverty, inequality, culture, and high-risk sexual behaviors, asia will soon hold ... | 1998 | 12348527 |
| knowledge of hiv / aids among migrants in delhi slums. | over the past decade, there has been a sharp increase in the reported and estimated numbers of hiv/aids cases in india. the unaids estimates that up to 3 million people in india may be infected with hiv, of which 70-80% were infected through unprotected heterosexual activity. findings are presented from an assessment of hiv/aids-related knowledge and awareness among slum dwellers in delhi, india, and which factors affect that knowledge. to explore the links between socioeconomic, health, and ... | 1999 | 12349107 |
| hiv / aids: not just a matter of statistics. the international conference on aids - law and humanity culminates into "new delhi declaration and action plan on aids". | the indian ministry of health and family welfare and the indian law institute with the cooperation of undp, the world health organization (who), and other national and international groups organized the international conference on aids--law and humanity, held during december 6-10, 1995, in new delhi, india. the leading speakers focused on the need for a united approach to the hiv/aids-related legal issues, which would protect society against the spread of hiv infection and respect the dignity a ... | 1996 | 12347022 |
| seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus among voluntary blood donors in delhi, india. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) is known to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality following blood transfusion in children and immunocompromised adults. in india, it is not mandatory to screen donated blood for cmv in blood banks. very few studies have been conducted in india to estimate the seroprevalence of this infection in voluntary blood donors. this study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of cmv among voluntary blood donors in delhi, india. in this study, none of 200 donors tes ... | 2002 | 12659416 |
| status of immunodiagnosis and immunocontraceptive vaccines in india. | the article focuses on the indian initiative of making kits for diagnosis of various infectious and non-infectious diseases as well as reproductive hormones and hormones in various other endocrine disorders. indigenous diagnostic kits for the detection of various infections such as filariasis, typhoid, amebiasis, japanese encephalitis, hepatitis, hiv, dengue, leishmaniasis, malaria, rabies, toxoplasmosis, rotavirus, and group a streptococci have been developed. agreements to transfer the know-ho ... | 2003 | 12930096 |
| antimicrobial resistance of neisseria gonorrhoeae in selected world health organization southeast asia region countries: an overview. | a gonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility program (gasp) under the world health organization south east asia region (who sear) is continuing in india and neighboring countries and is being coordinated by the who regional reference laboratory (rrl), vardhman mahavir medical college, and safdarjung hospital, new delhi. | 2005 | 15729156 |
| prevalence of hiv and vdrl seropositivity in blood donors of delhi. | blood transfusion has been the transmission mechanism in 15 per cent of total patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). a few reports are available regarding the trend of hiv seropositivity in northern india. prevalence of vdrl (venereal disease research laboratory) reactivity varies from 0.8-15 per cent in blood donors. we present data on the prevalence and trends of infection with hiv 1 and 2 and vdrl reactivity in blood donors in delhi. between 2000-2002, a total of 76089 (vo ... | 2005 | 16251780 |
| diagnostic clinical features of pentazocine-induced ulcers. | pentazocine was introduced in 1967 as a "non-narcotic, nonaddicting" analgesic. however, the abuse potential of this medication was soon recognized, and cutaneous and muscular complications of pentazocine abuse have been reported. | 2005 | 16336522 |
| hepatitis b and c virus co-infections in human immunodeficiency virus positive north indian patients. | to determine the prevalence of hepatitis b and c virus infections in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) -positive patients at a tertiary care hospital in new delhi, india. | 2006 | 17106941 |
| prevalence and awareness about sexually transmitted infections among males in urban slums of delhi. | india is at present facing an emergence of sexually transmitted infections (stis) and human immunodeficiency virus. community-based studies on the prevalence of stis among males are scanty. | 2007 | 17478957 |
| risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 among std clinic attenders in delhi, india. | the present study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with hsv-2 infection among sexually transmitted diseases (std) clinic attenders of delhi in india. out of 128 patients included, 76 were males and 52 were females. antibodies to hsv 1 and 2 and hiv infection were determined by elisa. syphilis seropositivity was determined by vdrl test and confirm by tpha test. ulcer scrapping were stained by giemsa for herpes progenitalis and donovan bodies and grams for ... | 2006 | 17913210 |
| prevalence and trends of markers of hepatitis c virus, hepatitis b virus and human immunodeficiency virus in delhi blood donors: a hospital based study. | transfusion transmitted infections (ttis) are a major problem associated with blood transfusion practices. a 4-year retrospective study from 2002 to 2005 was conducted at the blood bank of lady hardinge medical college and associated hospitals in new delhi, india. donors were evaluated for the prevalence of hcv, hbsag and hiv. a total of 28,956 healthy blood donors were tested, out of which 28,805 (99.48%) were replacement donors and 151 (0.52%) were voluntary donors. the proportion of voluntary ... | 2007 | 18032841 |
| community-based study on seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in new delhi. | to determine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in two urban communities in delhi and to correlate the presence of hsv-2 seroprevalence with sociodemographic profile, risk factors and presence of other reproductive tract infections (rtis). | 2008 | 18227595 |
| study of knowledge, perception and attitude of adolescent girls towards stis/hiv, safer sex and sex education: (a cross sectional survey of urban adolescent school girls in south delhi, india). | sexually transmitted infections (sti's), including hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) mainly affects sexually active young people. young adults aged 15-29 years, account for 32% of aids (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) cases reported in india and the number of young women living with hiv/aids is twice that of young men. the aim of the study was to evaluate adolescent school girls' knowledge, perceptions and attitudes towards stis/hiv and safer sex practice and sex education and to explore th ... | 2008 | 18647417 |
| evaluation of the who clinical case definition of aids among children in india. | the need of a clinical case definition (ccd) for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) was felt by public health agencies to monitor diseases resulting from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. to test the statistical significance of the existing world health organization (who) ccd for the diagnosis of aids in areas where diagnostic resources are limited in india, a prospective study was conducted in the paediatrics department at dr. ram manohar lohia hospital, new delhi. 360 cases ... | 2008 | 19127663 |
| seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis in blood donors of delhi. | | 2009 | 19384047 |
| epidemiology and seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 2. | hiv-2 infection is detected sporadically mostly from the southern states of india. we did a retrospective analysis to find the seroprevalence of hiv-2 in and around delhi. the study included all attendees of an integrated counseling and testing center (ictc) from january 2004 to january 2009. as per naco guidelines, samples showing positive results in three rapid tests were declared hiv-positive. samples that were reactive for hiv-2 were further confirmed by western blot assay. 8.8% (n = 1,938) ... | 2010 | 21051901 |
| a clinical prediction rule to identify patients with tuberculosis at high risk for hiv co-infection. | many patients presenting with tuberculosis (tb) have underlying human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) co-infection. routine hiv testing, however, is not a component of the national tb control programme in india. we sought to derive and validate a clinical prediction rule, based on clinical and laboratory parameters, to identify patients at high risk for hiv co-infection among those treated for active tb. | 2009 | 19700801 |