| clinical spectrum of gonococcal infection in women. | the medical records of 278 women infected with neisseria gonorrhoeae during a 6-month period were reviewed. these represented 75% of the infections in women at boston city hospital during this time. women who presented to the venereal-disease clinic because they had had contact with an infected man and women who were found to be infected during routine examinations in the obstetrics-and-gynaecology clinic were usually free of symptoms or had non-specific symptoms such as vaginal discharge. howev ... | 1977 | 68279 |
| mortality from leukaemia and cancer in shipyard nuclear workers. | a review of death certificates in new hampshire, maine, and massachusetts for 1959-77 yielded a total of 1722 deaths among former workers at the portsmouth naval shipyard where nuclear submarines are repaired and refuelled. next of kin were contacted for 592. all deaths under age 80 were classified as being in former nuclear or non-nuclear workers depending on information supplied by next of kin. with u.s. age-specific proportional cancer mortality for white males as a standard, the observed/exp ... | 1978 | 76937 |
| phenotypic and epidemiologic correlates of auxotype in neisseria gonorrhoeae. | previous studies from seattle, wash., suggested that strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae which require arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil (arg-hyx-ura- auxotype) are unifomly highly susceptible to penicillin g, are relatively resistant to complement-dependent killing by heated, pooled human serum, and are associated with disseminated gonococcal infection. for further study of the epidemiology of these strains and for analysis of the susceptibility to penicillin, serum sensitivity, and the nutrition ... | 1978 | 98600 |
| natural infection of dogs on cape cod with rickettsia rickettsii. | four isolates of rickettsiae from sick dogs on cape cod, mass., were serologically identical to isolates of rickettsia rickettsii from human patients with rocky mountain spotted fever. the antigenic analysis used the indirect fluorescent-antibody test and antisera prepared in mice to each of the isolates and to reference strains of r. rickettsii and rickettsia montana. serological responses of infected dogs were specific for r. rickettsii, although antibodies to r. montana were also detected in ... | 1979 | 114534 |
| viral exposure and autism. | | 1979 | 222139 |
| babesia infections in man. | only recently has it been recognized that hemotropic animal parasites of the genus babesia are also human pathogens. similar to malaria in both symptoms and laboratory findings, acute babesiosis generally results in self-limited illness, but it can be fatal in the asplenic patient. the widely disseminated vector tick, ixodes dammini, can transmit infection at each stage of its development, larva and nymph as well as adult. | 1979 | 376427 |
| pandemic influenza 1918. | | 1979 | 394807 |
| human babesiosis on nantucket island, usa: description of the vector, ixodes (ixodes) dammini, n. sp. (acarina: ixodidae). | | 1979 | 439119 |
| human babesiosis on nantucket island. clinical features. | between 20 july and 15 octoboer 1975, five cases of human infection with babesia microti were diagnosed on nantucket island, massachusetts. the illness was characterized by fever, drenching sweats, shaking chills, myalgia, arthralgia, extreme fatigue, and a mild-to-moderate hemolytic anemia. none of the patients had a history of splenetomy. although all patients responded symptomatically to treatment with oral chloroquine phosphate, parasitemia and fatigue frequently persisted for several weeks ... | 1977 | 556920 |
| managing public health risks: the swine flu immunization program revisited. | in this comment, the massachusetts commissioner of public health views the federal government's 1976-77 swine flu immunization program, which was sharply criticized by dr. cyril wecht in a recent article in this journal, as a classic example of a public policy decision made under conditions of stress and uncertainty. once the responsible government officials had made a public commitment to immunize the entire populace of the united states, he contends, they found it very difficult to reformulate ... | 1978 | 685984 |
| federal preclusion of state certificate-of-need exemptions for research and education expenditures. | the national health planning and resources development act of 1974 requires each state to enact a certificate-of-need program in compliance with federal standards in order to remain eligible for continued receipt of federal funds for health resource development after 1980. this note contends that the act and related hew regulations preclude states from exempting health care facilities' research expenditures and education expenditures from the scope of the states' certificate-of-need programs. th ... | 1978 | 685985 |
| peer sex education training and evaluation. | human sexuality has been recognized as an important developmental, emotional, and medical concern on the college campus. the peer sex education program at the university of massachusetts/amherst has been developed as a model for the use of trained students in an educational, referral, and counseling role. this paper describes the program and outlines the methodology used in the documentation and evaluation of various program aspects. aspects described include the program's rationale and backgrou ... | 1977 | 857687 |
| role of midwives. | dr. alfano (new england journal of medicine 296: 1126, 1977) is certainly entitled to his personal opinions, but when they appear in a major publication in a setting that calls for factual information, they cannot go unchallenged. midwives have played and continue to play a major part in maternal-infant services in many advanced european countries. combined midwife-physician services in sweden, finland, japan, netherlands, denmark, norway, and switzerland produced infant mortality rates in 19 ... | 1977 | 876307 |
| factors involved in immunization program for swine influenza. | the decision to undertake a nationwide program of vaccination against swine influenza requires assessment of the status of immunity of those in various age groups in our population against this agent. pools of serum were collected from persons born in the years from 1889 to 1943; they were tested for hemaggultinin inhibiting (hi) antibody against the hsw 1n1 influenza virus strains isolated in 1931 and 1976. the titers secured serve as an indication of the average level of immunity of those of d ... | 1976 | 1034440 |
| historical reflections on the sesquicentennial of the founding of the boston prison discipline society (1825-1854). | | 1975 | 779872 |
| the man who was to be. introductory note to "black patient white therapist: a case report.". | | 1975 | 1099042 |
| the politics of birth control, 1920-1940: the impact of professionals. | before the 1920s, a birth control movement arose in the united states out of socialist, feminist, and other radical groups concerned with women's rights and sexual freedom. after 1920 the birth control movement became gradually transformed into a respectable, nonradical reform cause, the recipient of large grants from big business, with women's rights secondary to an overriding concern with medical health and population control. this transformation was achieved through the professionalization of ... | 1975 | 1102468 |
| law-medicine notes. experimentation becomes a crime: fetal research in massachusetts. | | 1975 | 1110708 |
| milieu process during the residency turnover: the human cost of psychiatric education. | | 1975 | 1119610 |
| general washington and the patriot soldiers. they won a war with little food. a bicentennial study. | the troops in the first action of the american revolution in massachusetts were well provisioned through the efforts of joseph trumbull of connecticut, whom the second continental congress appointed commissary general, at general washingtion's request. the ration, as ordered, would have provided-by today's standards-more calories, twice as much protein, and adequate minerals and vitamins, except possible vitamin a and ascorbic acid. unfortunately, all items in the ration were seldom available to ... | 1976 | 770557 |
| respiratory colonization with pseudomonas putrefaciens after near-drowning in salt water. | pseudomonas putrefaciens, a marine organism infrequently found in human culture material, was repeatedly isolated from the sputum of a patient with pneumonia during a three-week period following a salt-water drowning accident. similar organisms were found in the water at the site of the accident in boston, and at ocean bathing beaches on nearby martha's vineyard. | 1975 | 1163489 |
| what's happening to federally aided health programs under state departments of human resources. | | 1978 | 652943 |
| the incompetent's right to die: the case of joseph saikewicz. | | 1978 | 624618 |
| the health of children adopted from romania. | to determine the medical condition of romanian adoptees and the effects of the romanian orphanage system on their health. | 1992 | 1281241 |
| leptospirosis in new england. | although rarely reported in humans in new england, leptospirosis is enzootic in western and central massachusetts. recently there were three cases of leptospira interrogans, serotype var pomona, in easthampton, mass. our study and others indicate a potential for waterborne epidemics in humans. | 1977 | 578899 |
| human babesiosis on nantucket island. evidence for self-limited and subclinical infections. | | 1977 | 561308 |
| age as a function in the development of sodium-related hypertension. | the populations of the developed nations of the world exhibit an increase in blood pressure with age, while in primitive societies blood pressure remains relatively constant throughout adult life. hypertension may be a complex of diseases all having the same clinical manifestations but not being caused necessarily by the same factors. a possible common denominator in the development of any chronic elevation of blood pressure is the need for the kidney to increase urine volume to promote sodium e ... | 1979 | 510240 |
| the osler medal essay: height, weight, and health: anthropometric study of human growth in nineteenth-century american medicine. | | 1979 | 389320 |
| creutzfeldt-jakob disease: patterns of worldwide occurrence and the significance of familial and sporadic clustering. | the worldwide epidemiology of creutzfeldt-jakob disease (cjd) is presented from an analysis of 1,435 patients. in the united states, the average annual mortality rate is at least 0.26 deaths per million. temporal-spatial clustering of cases was not found in the united states, but reports from other countries indicate that such clustering does occur. fifteen percent of the cases were of the familial type, suggesting a genetic susceptibility to infection. iatrogenic transmission by corneal transpl ... | 1979 | 371520 |
| vegetation structure influences the burden of immature ixodes dammini on its main host, peromyscus leucopus. | to determine whether the relative abundance of immature ixodes dammini (the vector of lyme disease and human babesiosis) is related to habitat structure, we examined tick burdens on their main host, the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus), in 4 structurally diverse sites on great island, massachusetts, usa. vegetation structure at each site was quantified with respect to 25 habitat variables. principal components analysis was used to reduce this set of habitat variables to seven new and ort ... | 1992 | 1437266 |
| perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection: extent of clinical recognition in a population-based cohort. massachusetts pediatric hiv surveillance working group. | to evaluate factors that may affect the timely diagnosis of children with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, we compared data derived from two population-based pediatric hiv studies. data from anonymous newborn hiv serosurveys were used to estimate the number of children born to hiv-seropositive mothers. a statewide active surveillance project determined the number of hiv-exposed children who had been clinically recognized. of 88,732 massachusetts newborn specimens tested anonymously ... | 1992 | 1454436 |
| castle: right man, time, and place. | | 1978 | 363006 |
| [the lesson of the practolol drama; can adverse effects of drugs be recognized as such sooner?]. | | 1978 | 360080 |
| computer-based interview for screening blood donors for risk of hiv transmission. | to test the ability of a computer-based interview to detect factors related to the risk of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among potential blood donors and to determine donor reactions to the use of the interview. | 1992 | 1507376 |
| enhanced anticaries action from drinking water containing 5 ppm fluoride. | dental examinations were conducted on 1,878 adolescent schoolchildren native to seven us cities in five states, where the water was fluoride-deficient, fluoridated, or contained approximately 5 ppm of naturally occurring fluoride. dental caries experience was considerably lower in all the communities with fluoridated water than in boston, which had water deficient in fluoride, and ranged from 38% to 83% fewer mean dmf for the children in the regions with fluoridated water than for the children i ... | 1979 | 282343 |
| seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in parturients at boston city hospital: implications for public health and obstetric practice. | we measured the seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in women seeking reproductive services. | 1992 | 1530014 |
| program evaluation as health services research. | evaluation of health program is necessary for more rational allocation of scarce resources. steps in evaluation include: 1)specification of the program goals, 2) description of the program, 3) definition and measurement of outcome, 4) assessment of intervening variables, 5) analysis of data, and 6) implementation of findings. examples from impirical evaluation studies are presented to illustrate one practical application of these steps. while the random controlled trial is a most powerful tool, ... | 1978 | 281768 |
| a regional cardiac care program: planning & development. | five hospitals in northeastern massachusetts joined together to provide a cardiac care nursing educational program for staff nurses. their mutual effort reduced costs for each hospital and maximized the use of human and material resources. the endeavor has been successful, based upon a number of evaluation factors. | 1979 | 253743 |
| risks of cancer associated with long-term exposure to puva in humans: current status--1991. | since 1975 oral 8-methoxypsoralen administered in association with ultraviolet-a radiation (uva), (puva) has been widely used to treat psoriasis and other cutaneous diseases. puva is mutagenic, and in animals carcinogenic. prospective study of a cohort of patients with psoriasis who were first treated with puva in 1975-1976 has provided data on the carcinogenic risk of this treatment. there is a dose-dependent increase in the risk of squamous cell cancer of the skin associated with exposure to p ... | 1992 | 1617196 |
| diet and cancer of endocrine target organs. | the role of diet in the etiology of cancer of the breast and endometrium is considered. geographic variation in rates, effects of migration, consequences of exogenous hormone use, and other epidemiologic factors are reviewed. cancer of the endometrium is related to diet probably through simple caloric excess. the excess is reflected in obesity and the consequent overproduction of estrone, a natural but carcinogenic human estrogen. diet may also influence breast cancer risk somewhat through the s ... | 1977 | 195711 |
| opiate antagonists and the modification of heroin self-administration behavior in man: an experimental study. | the heroin self-administration behavior of 8 inpatient heroin addicts was examined for 10 days under blocked (i.e., following ingestion of narcotic antagonists--naloxone or naltrexone) and unblocked (no antagonist) conditions. in the unblocked state, subjects injected all the available heroin, but they ceased heroin use almost completely following antagonist administration. possible explanations for these results are discussed along with their implications for treatment. | 1976 | 184054 |
| serial assessment of left ventricular function and mass after orthotopic heart transplantation: a 4-year longitudinal study. | long-term changes in left ventricular performance and geometry in the transplanted human heart have been incompletely described. therefore, two-dimensional echocardiograms were performed on 22 recipients of an orthotopic heart transplant at 1 month (32 +/- 20 days), 1 year (11 +/- 3 months) and 4 years (54 +/- 9 months) after transplantation. all studies were performed at a time when the patient had no pathologic evidence of rejection. ten healthy men served as a normal control group. over 4 yea ... | 1992 | 1729347 |
| tumor-associated antigen levels (carcinoembryonic antigen, human chorionic gonadotropin, and alpha-fetoprotein) antedating the diagnosis of cancer in the framingham study. | determinations of carcinoembryonic antigen (cea), human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg), and alpha-fetoprotein (afp) were done by use of frozen serum samples antedating the diagnosis of cancer for 9 pancreatic and 8 gastric carcinoma patients from the framingham heart study. the longest intervals for elevated antigens before cancer diagnosis were 10 months for cea and 26 months for hcg. (the single elevated afp was found in a sample 10 days before clinical diagnosis.) samples from 31 controls match ... | 1977 | 68118 |
| knowledge about hiv and behavioral risks of foreign-born boston public school students. | in 1990, 3049 boston public middle and high school students were surveyed anonymously in english, spanish, vietnamese, chinese, french, or haitian creole. significantly fewer immigrant students, 35% of those surveyed, knew the principal modes of human immunodeficiency virus transmission. fewer immigrants reported having sexual intercourse (31% vs 53% of nonimmigrants), but among the sexually active only 38% always used condoms, and more immigrants reported intercourse with intravenous drug users ... | 1991 | 1746662 |
| eastern equine encephalitis in massachusetts, 1957-1976. a prospective study centered upon analyses of mosquitoes. | reappearance of eastern equine encephalitis (eee) in massachusetts residents in the 1970's provided an opportunity to assess the predictive value of data on rainfall, eee in horses, and carriage of eee virus (eeev) by mosquitoes, factors which had been studied annually since the last eee outbreak in 1955-1956. the cycle of multiple cases during 1973-1975 started in a second consecutive year of rainfall that exceeded the annual mean by more than 20 cm, conditions recapitulating the 1955-1956 expe ... | 1978 | 23676 |
| characterization of a human milk factor that inhibits binding of hiv gp120 to its cd4 receptor. | | 1991 | 1809005 |
| isolation and characterization of vibrio parahaemolyticus from cape cod soft-shell clams (mya arenaria). | vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated from soft-shell clams (mya arenaria) taken from 10 different clamming areas on cape cod, mass., during july and august 1972. direct plating on thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar was found to be superior to either direct plating on vanderzant modified salt starch agar or enrichment with trypticase soy broth containing 7% salt for isolation from clam samples. morphological and biochemical characteristics of 33 isolates from 30 samples generally conform ... | 1975 | 1096817 |
| childhood lead poisoning and legislative action. | | 1975 | 1081566 |
| a comparison of two abortion-related legal inquiries. | | 1975 | 1080506 |
| massachusetts medical society. resolution concerning the safety and freedom of doctor mikhail shtern. | | 1976 | 1107838 |
| renal transplantation: a twenty-five year experience. | boston has played a significant role in the development of renal transplantation. in boston was performed the first successful isograft between identical twins (1954) the first successful allograft between fraternal twins (1959) and the first successful allograft from a cadaveric donor (1962). an immunosuppressive drug was also described in boston by hematologists schwartz and dameschek (1959) and modified for renal transplantation in dogs (1961) and used for the first time in a human recipient ... | 1976 | 791162 |
| human babesiosis on nantucket island: transmission by nymphal ixodes ticks. | in order to identify potential vectors of human babesiosis (babesia microli) in southern massachusetts, i attempted to transmit the infection via nymphal ticks of that species found to be most abundant on reservoir hosts (peromyscus leucopus) in nature. mice were collected at frequent intervals throughout a year in a known enzootic focus on nantucket island, and ticks were removed by hand. ticks of only two species were present; larvae and nymphs of ixodes scapularis were about 10 times as numer ... | 1976 | 1008124 |
| biomedical research: a view from the state legislature. | | 1976 | 931726 |
| boston exanthem agent: echovirus 16. | | 1977 | 920685 |
| lead in human scalp hair: some factors affecting its variability. | the accumulation of lead in human scalp hair was compared in male and female children and adults from various locations in the united sates, japan, yugoslavia, iran, and south africa. the most significant variables which influenced the concentration of lead in hair were ingestion of lead-containing substances, exposure to lead of environmental origin, place of residence, site from which the hair specimen was sampled relative to its distance from the scalp, and age. the least significant variable ... | 1975 | 1141710 |
| letter: lawyers, doctors and patients' rights. | | 1976 | 1244559 |
| bacteremia due to mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. a report of 9 cases and a review of the literature. | mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteremia is being reported more frequently in patients with human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (hiv-1) infection. we report 9 patients with bacteremia due to m. tuberculosis and hiv infection who were identified over a 36-month period. of the 9 patients studied, 8 were male, 8 were black, 6 were born in haiti, 3 were homeless, 2 were intravenous drug users, and 1 was homosexual. at the time of diagnosis, 3 patients had the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) ... | 1990 | 2122171 |
| long odyssey of babesiosis. | the history of babesiosis is traced from the discovery of the parasite in 1888, to its present endemic niche. the author uncovers clinical and epidemiological features of human babesiosis in a patient hospitalized in new jersey. | 1990 | 2191250 |
| teaching occupational health to physicians. | a comprehensive training program for physicians interested in occupational health is presented. the objectives are to prepare students to identify and prevent occupational disease, with an emphasis on the development of a public health perspective. seven content areas are described: epidemiology and biostatistics, toxicology, industrial hygiene, safety and ergonomics, policy issues, administration, and clinical aspects. these are organized in a matrix to provide appropriate levels of training fo ... | 1978 | 691028 |
| family planning during psychiatric hospitalization. | ongoing experience with development of family planning programs in psychiatric hospitals suggests that models must be flexible to allow for varying structures and traditions of institutions and for special needs of specific patient populations. however some issues, particularly those related to patients' rights and to usefulness of particular contraceptives, are broadly applicable. introduction of a family planning program for psychiatric patients is described. | 1976 | 1247094 |
| time trends in high-risk injection practices in a multi-site study in massachusetts: effects of enrollment site and residence. | time trends in needle sharing and bleach use were examined among needle users enrolled at drug abuse treatment and nontreatment sites in greater worcester, ma, from 1987 through 1989. substantial declines in high-risk behavior were found, with different trends at drug treatment versus nontreatment sites. the percentage of individuals sharing needles declined at treatment facilities but not at nontreatment sites. among those sharing, the proportion using bleach increased at both drug treatment an ... | 1992 | 1322686 |
| implementation of preventive services in an hmo practice. | practice does not conform to guidelines unless the guidelines are specifically implemented and performance is monitored. several examples of implementation in one health maintenance organization (hmo) are given. these include immunization for influenza and follow up of positive screening tests for colorectal and cervical cancer. each implementation effort has required the development of systems, which in this hmo are automated. several issues influencing implementation are discussed, including r ... | 1990 | 2231053 |
| human psittacosis linked to a bird distributor in mississippi--massachusetts and tennessee, 1992. | during april-may 1992, cdc was notified of a possible outbreak of psittacosis involving members of two families in massachusetts and tennessee who had recently purchased birds as pets. in the subsequent investigation of this problem, human psittacosis was defined as a fourfold rise in complement-fixing antibody titer to > or = 32 or a single titer of > or = 32 in a patient with fever and/or respiratory symptoms. this report summarizes the investigation of this problem. | 1992 | 1406575 |
| who was morton prince? | morton prince, a boston neurologist, founded the journal of abnormal psychology in 1906 as an outlet especially for those who took a psychogenic view of neurotic disorders. through experiments with hypnotism, he added appreciably to knowledge of subconscious and coconscious mental processes; the dissociation of a personality (prince, 1905) still ranks as a classic. he early saw that studying normal people in the depth and detail with which one studied patients could make significant contribution ... | 1992 | 1430597 |
| a socioeconomic analysis of digital replantations resulting from home use of power tools. | forty-seven digits in 21 patients who sustained partial or complete amputations from the home use of power tools were replanted or revascularized during a 1-year period. this represented 69% of the microvascular surgery performed for hand injuries during that year. the cost of repairing an average of 2.4 digits was $7000 (surgeon's fee) plus $697 per hour (operating room fee), as per fiscal year 1987. postoperative hospitalization averaged 15 days at a cost of $15,679. hand rehabilitation averag ... | 1992 | 1430934 |
| the relation between hospital experience and mortality for patients with aids. | to determine whether there is an association between mortality and hospital acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) experience for all aids-related diagnoses, and to determine whether the association is explained by differences in severity of illness, earlier discharge of terminally ill patients, or differences in resource use. | 1992 | 1433685 |
| human babesiosis in new york state: an epidemiological description of 136 cases. | epidemiological data on 136 cases of human babesiosis reported from laboratories and clinicians in the state of new york from 1982 to 1991 were reviewed. all but two patients, who had traveled to nantucket island in massachusetts, acquired disease in suffolk county, long island. the highest average age-group-specific annual incidence rates occurred among men > or = 80 years of age (7.72 per 100,000) and among women 70-79 years of age (3.61 per 100,000). seven patients (5%) had previously undergo ... | 1992 | 1457632 |
| hiv testing: the legal balance between individual and societal rights. | testing for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies creates a legal conflict between the individual's right to autonomy and privacy versus society's right to control the public health. a body of laws exists to address these conflicting rights. these laws, however, must evolve so as to strike a better balance between what society has a right to know and the individual's right to personal autonomy and privacy. appropriate statutes should recognize that a legitimate need may a ... | 1990 | 2315775 |
| [the man and the woman behind the syndrome. a man and a woman behind the cronkhite-canada syndrome. a rare gastrointestinal polyposis with changes in the hair, skin and nails]. | | 1992 | 1461020 |
| corporate funding of human services agencies. | this article reviews national trends in the organization of corporate giving to human services agencies, examines how corporations make funding decisions, and reports the results of a case study of philanthropic giving among 29 companies in cambridge, massachusetts. the study found that most corporations use an informal rather than a formal process for making funding decisions, with many firms relying on tradition, social contacts, and intuition to guide allocations. suggestions that social serv ... | 1992 | 1514129 |
| alcohol consumption and mortality in an american male population: recovering the u-shaped curve--findings from the normative aging study. | several prospective studies have suggested that moderate alcohol consumption may offer protection against total and coronary heart disease (chd) mortality. these studies have been criticized for failing to control for changes in drinking and the influence of comorbidity on consumption decisions. in the present study, we examined whether rates of death from all causes and from chd were related to overall consumption as well as variability in or problems with drinking. in 1973, a drinking question ... | 1992 | 1556854 |
| genetic characterization of clones of the bacterium listeria monocytogenes causing epidemic disease. | one hundred and seventy-five isolates of the pathogenic bacterium listeria monocytogenes recovered from human clinical (blood and cerebrospinal fluid), animal, and environmental sources in europe, north america, and elsewhere were analyzed electrophoretically for allelic variation at 16 genetic loci encoding metabolic enzymes. forty-five distinctive allele profiles (electrophoretic types, ets) were distinguished, among which mean genetic diversity per locus (h) was 0.424. cluster analysis of a m ... | 1989 | 2498876 |
| localization of immunogenic domains in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope. | highly immunogenic domains have not yet been defined in the extracellular protein of the human immunodefiency virus type 2 (hiv-2) envelope. in this study, six contiguous segments covering the entire hiv-2st envelope were amplified and cloned into a bacterial expression vector to localize the relative immunogenic reactivity of different regions of the molecule by western blot (immunoblot) analysis. our results demonstrate that the extracellular protein of the hiv-2 envelope contains highly immun ... | 1991 | 1714524 |
| a fifteen-year search for first-stage human ova. | | 1989 | 2642561 |
| treating hard-to-treat tuberculosis patients in massachusetts. | for most patients with tuberculosis (tb), treatment has never been shorter or cure more certain than with current drug regimens. however, in massachusetts and elsewhere in the united states there is a growing minority of patients who are not easily cured with the best available outpatient regimens. close treatment supervision through culturally appropriate outreach workers has been successful for some foreign-born tb patients in whom therapy might otherwise fail. full supervision of outpatient t ... | 1991 | 1810006 |
| review of human immunodeficiency virus infection in women in the united states. | in this review, available human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seroprevalence data are presented for united states women attending clinics related to reproductive health and for women in other settings. at family planning clinics, prenatal clinics, and in delivery room settings (cord blood testing), studies that have not targeted women at high risk for hiv infection have shown prevalence rates ranging from 0-4.3%. higher rates (greater than 1%) have been observed in more urban areas--newark, new y ... | 1989 | 2682415 |
| influenza vaccination. are we doing better than we think? | patients who were candidates for influenza vaccination seen in the primary care center of a community teaching hospital were studied to determine whether there is a differential immunization rate depending on risk level. the immunization rate was as follows: moderate risk group, 44%; high risk group, 59%; and very high risk group, 81%. the immunization rate was also closely associated with the frequency of clinic visits, ranging from 34% for those with low visit frequency to 73% for those with h ... | 1991 | 1888239 |
| occupational exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) among embalmers: a pilot seroprevalence study. | we performed a serosurvey of 133 embalmers in an urban area where human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is prevalent. although we found histories of needlesticks to be common, and the seropositivity rate of hepatitis b virus (hbv) (13%) was approximately twice that of a blood donor comparison group, hiv antibody was uniformly absent in 129 embalmers who denied hiv risk factors, and present in one of four with self-described risk behaviors. the risk of hbv infection was higher among embalm ... | 1989 | 2782520 |
| human exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in greater new bedford, massachusetts: a prevalence study. | a study was conducted in the community of greater new bedford, massachusetts, from 1984 through 1987 to assess the prevalence of elevated levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in the serum of individuals aged 18 to 64 years who had resided in the area for at least 5 years. eight hundred and forty subjects were interviewed, examined, and tested in a cross-sectional sample of the towns of acushnet, dartmouth, and fairhaven and the city of new bedford. serum pcbs were measured to estimate the ... | 1991 | 1907125 |
| a brugia species infecting rabbits in the northeastern united states. | brugia sp. microfilariae were observed in more than 60% of wild rabbits collected on nantucket island, massachusetts. the microfilariae measured 294-344 microns in length and had the characteristic subterminal and terminal nuclei observed in other brugia microfilariae. the microfilaria is similar to those described for brugia leporis in rabbits in louisiana. this may be the brugia species responsible for 21 documented cases of human infection in the northeastern united states. | 1991 | 1919934 |
| dogs as sentinels for lyme disease in massachusetts. | an investigation of the relationship between incident human cases of lyme disease and seroprevalence of antibodies to b. burgdorferi in dogs was undertaken in order to determine whether dogs might serve as sentinels for lyme disease. | 1991 | 1951802 |
| teaching medicine as a human experience: a patient-doctor relationship course for faculty and first-year medical students. | we developed a required, longitudinal course for first-year medical students that addressed the patient-doctor relationship. our course linked understanding patients' experiences and perspectives on illness with listening to, talking with, and establishing a rapport with patients while obtaining their medical histories. learning was enhanced by use of an interdisciplinary faculty and by small-group continuity and faculty mentoring. our curriculum adapted problem-based, self-directed educational ... | 1991 | 1994796 |
| risks of consumption of contaminated seafood: the quincy bay case study. | a recent epa-sponsored study of sediment and seafood contamination in quincy bay revealed elevated levels of several complex organic pollutants frequently of concern in human health assessments. a seafood consumption risk assessment was conducted using data from samples collected in quincy bay in the methodology developed for epa's office of marine and estuarine protection for such assessments. results showed estimated plausible, upperbound excess cancer risks in the 10(-5) to 10(-2) range. thes ... | 1991 | 2050051 |
| short-tailed shrews as reservoirs of the agents of lyme disease and human babesiosis. | to determine whether short-tailed shrews (blarina brevicauda) serve as reservoir hosts for the lyme disease spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi) and the agent of human babesiosis (babesia microti), we examined nymphal ticks that had fed as larvae on shrews collected from 3 enzootic sites in coastal massachusetts for evidence of infection by either or both of these agents. xenodiagnosis indicated that 11 of 14 shrews were infected by b. burgdorferi. one of 3 piroplasm-infected shrews also infected t ... | 1990 | 2213411 |
| seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in a state psychiatric institution. | | 1990 | 2222110 |
| seroprevalence of human t cell leukemia viruses in selected populations of homosexual men. | this study sought to define the seroprevalence of human t cell leukemia virus (htlv) types i and ii in selected populations of homosexual men. serum specimens were screened for antibodies to htlv and to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) by enzyme immunoassay; successive testing of specimens with positive results was done by western blotting and radioimmunoprecipitation assay (ripa) and then by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay on available peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). of 1290 ... | 1990 | 2230268 |
| racial/ethnic differences in hiv-1 seroprevalence and risky behaviors among intravenous drug users in a multisite study. | differences in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) seroprevalence and patterns of drug-use and sexual behaviors were examined among hispanic, black, and white intravenous drug users recruited at multiple sites in worcester, massachusetts. a total of 1,092 (786 males, 306 females) intravenous drug users were interviewed, and hiv-1 antibody test results were available for 874 (80.0%). after adjustment for demographic differences, black males were significantly less likely to report risky d ... | 1990 | 2239898 |
| medicine court, ii: rivers in practice. | the authors conducted a retrospective study of the initial impact (1986-1987) of the rivers v. katz decision involving patients' right to refuse treatment at new york state's largest forensic psychiatric hospital. of 18 petitions submitted, 15 cases were adjudicated. all 15 patients were found incompetent, and all treatment plans submitted were approved by the court. most patients selected for rivers hearings were diagnosed as having chronic schizophrenia and/or were older than the hospital popu ... | 1990 | 2293787 |
| aids and college health: knowledge, threat, and prevention at a northeastern university. | we performed secondary analyses on data originally collected by telephone from a random sample of 294 undergraduates from a large northeastern university to examine students' knowledge about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and the students' reactions to the health threat posed by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). our findings indicated that students are reasonably well informed about aids, are aware of the recommended precautions for avoiding hiv infection, and are fearful that the v ... | 1990 | 2299052 |
| a 12-year audit of irb decisions. | institutional review boards (irbs) are inter-disciplinary committees mandated by the federal government to review all research protocols that involve human subjects developed in institutions receiving federal funds. the purpose of the irb is to protect those subjects from unnecessary risk or from risks that outweigh potential benefits. at boston city hospital, a study was conducted of the decision-making process of the hospital's irb over a 12-year period (from 1973-1984) to determine empiricall ... | 1986 | 3085041 |
| regulations prohibiting abortion counseling held unconstitutional. | a federal appellate court for massachusetts has ruled that regulations prohibiting counseling or referrals for abortion services violate the constitutional right to reproductive choice. the regulations in question were promulgated under title x of the us public health service act. the regulations required pregnant women to be furnished with a list of providers who supported the welfare of the mother and the fetus, thus making the decision to abort more difficult and intruding upon pre- existin ... | 1990 | 2304078 |
| the distribution of human c4 dna variants in relation to major histocompatibility complex alleles and extended haplotypes. | a c4 dna polymorphism that can subdivide c4 allotypes and major histocompatibility complex-linked complement gene cluster allele combinations (complotypes) that are not distinguishable by standard electrophoretic means was used to assess further the distribution and linkage association of c4 variants. segregation of the dna polymorphism in family studies allowed assignment of particular variants to particular major histocompatibility complex haplotypes. these studies revealed that some complotyp ... | 1988 | 3163333 |
| high frequency of antimicrobial resistance in human fecal flora. | the frequency of resistance to seven different antimicrobial agents was examined in the aerobic gram-negative gut flora of over 600 individuals from hospitals, from laboratories where antibiotics were used, and from urban and rural communities. in a majority (62.5%) of fecal samples from people without a recent history of taking antibiotics, 10% or more of the total organisms were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics. in about 40% of the samples, resistance to more than one drug was pres ... | 1988 | 3266729 |
| beliefs about aids, use of alcohol and drugs, and unprotected sex among massachusetts adolescents. | in august 1988, 1,773 massachusetts 16-19-year-olds were surveyed by telephone using anonymous random digit dialing; response rate 82 percent. logistic regression tested whether alcohol and drug use, perceived susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), severity of hiv if infected, effectiveness of condoms in preventing infection, barriers to condom use, and behavioral cues such as exposure to media or personal communication about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) were independ ... | 1990 | 2305908 |
| demographic characteristics, risk behaviors, and hiv seroprevalence among intravenous drug users by site of contact: results from a community-wide hiv surveillance project. | we investigated differences in behaviors important for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) transmission and hiv antibody status among 927 recent needle users enrolled in a multi-site hiv surveillance project in worcester, massachusetts. subjects were enrolled at drug abuse treatment centers reported less risky injection practices unexplained by demographic variables. risky sexual practices were in general reported more frequently by men at the jail than men at other sites. however, hiv status sho ... | 1990 | 2382742 |
| human immunodeficiency virus infection in hemodialysis patients. baltimore-boston collaborative study group. | patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis receive multiple blood transfusions and, thus, are susceptible to infections transmitted through blood and blood products, including infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). to determine the prevalence of antibody to hiv among patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis in baltimore and boston in 1985, we conducted a cross-sectional seroprevalence study. repeatedly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa)-positive serum samples were tested by west ... | 1988 | 3341863 |
| comparative prevalence of babesia microti and borrelia burgdorferi in four populations of ixodes dammini in eastern massachusetts. | we determined the prevalence of babesia microti and borrelia burgdorferi in four populations of ixodes dammini in eastern massachusetts. the feulgen's reaction was more sensitive than the giemsa method for detecting salivarian babesia. a combination of darkfield and direct-fluorescent-antibody examination proved more sensitive than either method alone for detecting spirochetal infection. the prevalence of spirochetes was greater than the prevalence of babesia in each of the tick populations stud ... | 1986 | 2430433 |
| enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis: importation from mexico to massachusetts. | | 1989 | 2496311 |
| compliance with zidovudine therapy in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus, type 1: a cross-sectional study in a municipal hospital clinic. | to determine the extent of and clinical variables associated with zidovudine compliance. | 1992 | 1580296 |
| [the man behind the syndrome: joe vincent meigs. history-making in the gynecology of the 20th century]. | | 1986 | 3543566 |