| [shigellosis in tananarive (madagascar) i - epidemiologic and clinic features (author's transl)]. | reviewing 67 cases of human adult shigellosis observed in madagascar, the authors emphasize some epidemiologic and clinic features : high frequency during rainy season, usual dysenteriform aspect or diarrhoeas with fever, hemorragic forms, severity according to anterior state of colon and rectum, severity if cases associated with amoebiasis or schistosomiasis (schistosoma mansoni). | 1979 | 537491 |
| [study of an epidemic of influenza in tananarive (with isolation of the a/port-chalmers/73) virus (june-october 1974)]. | | 1975 | 1242116 |
| [rift valley fever in madagascar in 1991. sero-epidemiological studies in cattle]. | rift valley fever (rvf) virus was detected for the first time in madagascar in 1979, but without any impact on human and animal populations. however, in 1990 and 1991, several outbreaks with massive cattle abortions were described. since that period, seroepidemiological surveys have been conducted on the east coast and in the highlands (outbreak areas), in the high cattle density regions, and in the national slaughter house in antananarivo. a high rvf igm antibody prevalence was detected in the ... | 1992 | 1301622 |
| japanese encephalitis in sri lanka--the study of an epidemic: vector incrimination, porcine infection and human disease. | a prospective study of mosquito vectors, porcine infection and human disease was carried out during a japanese encephalitis (je) epidemic in the north central province of sri lanka (november-december 1987) and a subsequent non-epidemic year (1988). the epidemic involved 361 cases of human encephalitis, virologically confirmed by immunoglobulin m enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and was preceded 2-3 weeks earlier by sentinel porcine seroconversion. virus isolation and viral antigen dete ... | 1992 | 1329275 |
| charles darwin's anthropological observations on ceylonese. | in his 1871 work, the descent of man and selection in relation to sex. darwin has made three anthropological observations pertaining to the nose, beard and polygamy in ceylonese. he never visited ceylon, and his observations were based on the works of sir j. emerson tennent (1859) and sir j. lubbock (1865). | 1992 | 1291143 |
| [letter: human rabies after 10 days' incubation, in spite of sero-vaccinal treatment]. | | 1975 | 1202463 |
| pyrantel pamoate therapy of human hookworm infestation in mauritius. | | 1975 | 1140127 |
| human circadian rhythms documented in may-june from three groups of young healthy males living respectively in paris, colombo and sydney. | | 1977 | 598269 |
| [pathology in malagasy lemurs and their relation to human pathology]. | from researches conducted in institute pasteur in madagascar and from bibliographical work, the authors try to draw up a general picture of the pathology of lemurs. several aspects are developed (bacteriology, hematology, mycology, parasitology, virology), especially those which could be interesting for human pathology, for instance the relationships between lemurs and viruses because of the arbovirus programme in progress in institute pasteur. the authors emphasize on the possible use of lemurs ... | 1979 | 554779 |
| loss of filarial larvae in a natural mosquito population. | analysis of log normal parasite densities of wuchereria bancrofti in the mosquito culex pipiens fatigans collected in the suburbs of colombo, sri lanka, has shown a decreasing parasite load with age of infection. the median density of microfilarial intake in the natural population was 10.3, but this had decreased to 2.6 by the infective stage. of the total microfilariae ingested, 51.9% were found in the thorax 12--17 hours after infection of the mosquitoes in the laboratory. further decrease in ... | 1978 | 367299 |
| recent observations on schistosomiasis in mauritius. | purpose of this study, carried out between 1967 and 1975, was to bring the existing knowledge on schistosomiasis in mauritius up-to-date. the paper describes the distribution, the behaviour and the infection rates of bulinus cernicus, the local intermediate snail host, and its role in human infection. | 1979 | 316595 |
| the natural history of periodontal disease in man. the rate of periodontal destruction before 40 years of age. | this longitudinal study of randomly selected norwegian students and academicians has shown that 50% of the 17-year olds have lost no periodontal support, and the other 50% exhibited slight localized loss of attachment primarily on buccal surfaces of first molars and first bicuspids of both jaws. at 21 all students show one or more of these lesions as well as loss of attachment on interproximal surfaces. at 30 years of age the mean cumulative loss is still less than 1 mm. as they approach 40 year ... | 1978 | 282430 |
| the natural history of periodontal disease in man: prevalence, severity, and extent of gingival recession. | this paper describes the occurrence and levels of gingival recession in 2 cohorts of individuals participating in parallel longitudinal studies in norway (1969-1988) and sri lanka (1970-1990), covering the age range from 15 to 50 years. in the norwegian cohort gingival recession had begun early in life. it occurred in greater than or equal to 60% of the 20 year-olds and was confined to the buccal surfaces. at 30, greater than or equal to 70% had recession, which still was found mainly on buccal ... | 1992 | 1625148 |
| the natural history of periodontal disease in man. changes in gingival health and oral hygiene before 40 years of age. | | 1979 | 161591 |
| the natural history of periodontal disease in man. tooth mortality rates before 40 years of age. | | 1978 | 153396 |
| survey of adult mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) during irrigation development in the mahaweli project, sri lanka. | a survey of adult mosquitoes was done during 1986-1987 in an area undergoing irrigation development in the mahaweli project of sri lanka. the study encompassed two 12-mo phases of settlement and irrigation, respectively. diurnal human bait catches yielded 1,427 female mosquitoes in 27 species. nocturnal collections (human bait, cdc light traps, indoor resting catches) produced a total of 30,491 females in 67 species. comparisons with an earlier survey in the predevelopment forest showed that the ... | 1991 | 1678784 |
| the natural history of periodontal disease in man. study design and baseline data. | | 1978 | 153395 |
| [malaria in the dunkerque hospital center from december 1979 to december 1990]. | seventy-one cases of malaria were diagnosed in the hospital of dunkerque from 1979 to 1990. forty-five patients have been infected in the comores islands. among the 24 other imported cases, 17 (71%) have been contaminated in western or central africa. one case of congenital malaria and one of malaria acquired by blood transfusion are also reported. plasmodium falciparum was detected in 84.5% of the patients. the four human species were found among the comorians. two cases with abnormal forms of ... | 1992 | 1443798 |
| transmission blocking immunity to human plasmodium vivax malaria in an endemic population in kataragama, sri lanka. | serum effects on gametocyte infectivity, that is, transmission blocking/enhancing immunity, were measured in the sera of 196 acute plasmodium vivax patients who were residents of a malaria region in kataragama, southern sri lanka. direct mosquito feedings were also performed on 170 of these patients. sera of about 48% of patients suppressed gametocyte infectivity significantly (by more than 75%) and of a smaller proportion (12%) had pronounced infectivity enhancing effects. transmission immunity ... | 1992 | 1437231 |
| first fatal human case of rift valley fever in madagascar. | | 1992 | 1412665 |
| [cysticercosis in madagascar: diagnostic and therapeutic improvement]. | human cysticercosis is linked to infection by the larval stage of taenia solium: cysticercus cellulosae and was identified in madagascar since 1901. neurocysticercosis constitute, when parasite is localized in cerebral vesicles, a disease with important neurologic symptoms: epilepsia, spasms... this disease would be diagnosed before parasite calcification and this diagnosis permit praziquantel treatment indication, with good results in many cases. we have developed cysticercosis diagnosis permit ... | 1992 | 1345095 |
| [prevalence of antibodies to west nile virus in youngsters from 5 to 20 years old in madagascar]. | in 1990 a serological investigation among 3,177 children (5 to 20 years old) sera has been conducted by the pasteur institute of madagascar in several areas of madagascar, in order to evaluate the prevalence of west nile virus antibodies. 29.9% out of human sera tested by elisa for west nile igg antibodies are positive, that shows a rather high level of west nile virus circulation in madagascar. prevalence is increasing with age but no significant difference has been registered among prevalence ... | 1991 | 1764750 |
| [the plague: disease and vaccine?]. | plague has existed in madagascar since 1896, with epidemic control achieved by girard with an ev vaccine in 1937. plague persists in madagascar, however, due to the large animal reservoir. with a predilection for nodal tissues, yersinia pestis is a virulent bacteria that is potent inducer of antibody synthesis. immunity mechanisms stimulated by infection were studied: 1. in human by immunoenzymatic methods 2. in mice by seroprotection and vaccinating tests. induced immunity for people in endemic ... | 1992 | 1345094 |
| high seasonal malaria transmission rates in the intermediate rainfall zone of sri lanka. | malaria transmission was studied at nikawehera, a long-established farming village, located in the intermediate rainfall zone of sri lanka. observations were made over a 12-month period (october-september) that included the main rainy season which occurred during the north-east monsoon in november-january. anolpheles culicifacies, the recognized vector of malaria in sri lanka, was the predominant anopheline mosquito collected by human night baiting at nikawehera. high entomological inoculation r ... | 1992 | 1304700 |
| isolation of mycobacterium simiae from the environment. | an examination of 18 sphagnum samples collected in two different biotopes of the coastal region of southeastern madagascar revealed an unexpectedly high positivity for mycobacteria (83.3%). the concentration of alcohol acid-fast bacilli reached a high level of 10(5) and 10(6)/g, respectively, compared with the sphagnum biotopes in moderate climates. besides the habitat-specific mycobacterial species in sphagnum vegetation, like m. sphagni, m. gordonae and m. madagascariense, potentially pathogen ... | 1992 | 1303699 |
| rift valley fever epizootic in the central highlands of madagascar. | between february and april 1991, unusual numbers of bovine abortion around antananarivo (central highlands, madagascar) were reported by official veterinary services. rift valley fever (rvf) virus isolations were made from sixteen aborted foetuses and one dead calf in different foci. using monoclonal antibodies, the isolated viruses were found to be different from the 1979 rvf strains isolated in madagascar from mosquitoes and human laboratory infection, and closer to african rvf strains. in a b ... | 1992 | 1297176 |
| [specifics of the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis in mauritius]. | early observations on this disease were made in mauritius by chapotin (1812) before the discovery of schistosoma haematobium. bulinus cernicus, the snail intermediate host, one of the nine species within the b. forskali group, is restricted to the island and the disease is not occurring in the neighbouring islands of la reunion and rodrigues. under laboratory conditions, the snail susceptibility to the mauritian strain of s. haematobium has been demonstrated. but the infection rate of the snail ... | 1992 | 1446177 |
| a nonsense mutation in exon 4 of the cystic fibrosis gene frequent among the population of the reunion island. | | 1992 | 1284471 |
| malaria transmission at a new irrigation project in sri lanka: the emergence of anopheles annularis as a major vector. | malaria transmission was studied in a newly irrigated area of the mahaweli project in the dry zone of sri lanka. observations were performed for a three-month period following the northeast monsoon. parasitemia in the population varied from 20.2% in february to 7% in may, and infection was due to both plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax. night catches of mosquitoes collected with human bait included a high proportion of anopheles annularis. mosquitoes containing sporozoites in the salivary glands ... | 1992 | 1449195 |
| mycobacterium ulcerans infection; is the "bairnsdale ulcer" also a ceylonese disease? | mycobacterium ulcerans infection produces progressive skin ulceration in man and other mammalia. the disease was first described in 1984 in patients from the bairnsdale district in australia, but was known in africa well before this time. it has since been reported from many, mostly tropical countries in africa, central and south america, and south-east asia. the infection characteristically occurs in closely defined areas which are related to river or lacustrian systems draining tropical or war ... | 1992 | 1486648 |
| [the wesselsbron virus, a new arbovirus for madagascar]. | wesselsbron virus, an african arbovirus group flavivirus, has been isolated in 1989 for the first time in madagascar from aedes circumluteolus collected inside primary forest near the village of marovitsika. serological studies in man using haemagglutination inhibition test have permitted to think that wesselsbron virus have circulated quietly in madagascar. the detection of wesselsbron antibodies in lemurs sets the problem of the biological cycle. | 1990 | 1964039 |
| [ecology of culex pipiens fatigans larvae in an area of high endemicity of bancroftian filariasis (author's transl)]. | culex pipiens fatigans in the main vector of bancroftian filariasis in the mayotte island (comores) where it imposes an important health problem. the breeding-sites of c. p. fatigans are either man-made (latrines, cesspools, various containers), or natural (polluted water of estuaries of some rivers). the man-made breeding-sites are not similarly distributed in the different localities of the island. their distribution varies according to the customs of the inhabitants, size and site of the comm ... | 1975 | 1096384 |
| ergonomics for occupational hygienists in developing countries with examples from sri lanka. | occupational health problems in developing countries, especially those situated in the tropical zone, are difficult to define. the conditions are more adverse in unorganized small-scale industries. the application of ergonomic principles in the practice of occupational health in developing countries must be subject to all aspects of community health and impact of industrialization as well. ergonomics offers a broad concept to health scientists in developing countries. "systems ergonomics" is not ... | 1976 | 1030447 |
| [plesiomonas shigelloides. 23 strains isolated from human stools in madagascar]. | twenty-three strains of plesiomonas shigelloïdes isolated from human stools in antananarivo are studied. ficklness of some biochemical characters is observed. ability to pathogenicity is tested on animals (cornea of guinea pigs, intestinal ligatured loops of rabbits). | 1978 | 747440 |
| [human bilharziasis in madagascar. geographic distribution and incidence]. | | 1978 | 747439 |
| ecological studies in madagascar of biomphalaria pfeifferi, intermediate host of schistosoma mansoni. 2. biology and dynamics in the non-endemic area of antananarivo. | the region of antananarivo, where schistosomiasis is not yet endemic, is compared to ambositra, a well established focus of s. mansoni, with regard to climate, hydrology and snail habitats. higher mean temperatures and a more pronounced dry season in antananarivo contribute to sometimes less favourable hydrological conditions. biomphalaria is found in very few and limited habitats. population dynamics were followed up in selected habitats and showed ecological parameters comparable to those of t ... | 1978 | 747438 |
| investigation of the polymorphic scai site by a pcr-based assay at the human atrial natriuretic peptides (hanp) gene locus. | the scai polymorphic site within the stop codon of the human atrial natriuretic peptides (hanp) gene was investigated in mauritian indian, black african and french caucasian populations. a distinct distribution pattern is observed in these three populations. | 1992 | 1487252 |
| malaria transmission and vector biology on sainte marie island, madagascar. | a 17-mo longitudinal malaria survey (november 1988-march 1990) was carried out on sainte marie island, an area on the east coast of madagascar which is frequently visited by tourists. during 706 man-nights of capture, 46,401 mosquitoes belonging to 32 species were caught. sporozoite rates were determined by elisa and incriminated anopheles gambiae giles s.s., an. funestus giles, and an. mascarensis de meillon as vectors of malaria. an. gambiae, the main vector, was highly anthropophilic but larg ... | 1992 | 1495029 |
| malaria transmission by anopheles subpictus (diptera: culicidae) in a new irrigation project in sri lanka. | indoor resting anopheles subpictus in a new irrigation scheme in sri lanka were investigated during 1989-1990 for malaria infection by dissection and elisa, and human feeding rates by elisa analysis of blood meals. indoor resting abundance was 22.3 females per house per 15-min catch in april-june 1989, 2.2 in november-december 1989, and 7.5 in april-june 1990. elisa-based malaria infection rates (plasmodium vivax and p. falciparum combined) were 1.4% during april-june and 3.2% during november-de ... | 1992 | 1495065 |
| [surveillance of influenza in tananarive. 1989]. | the authors report results of epidemiological survey of influenza in tananarive. this survey is based on respiratory morbidity observed in an interprofessional health center, and virus isolation. two viruses have circulated in 1989: b virus (b/victoria/2/87) during first half-year, and a: a/victoria/36/88 (h1n1) virus during dry season with a pick in november. influenzae has been responsible of grouped sporadic cases without epidemic diffusion. | 1990 | 2078081 |
| [seroepidemiologic survey on plague in an endemic zone: cumulative results: 1987-1990]. | plague is a bacterial disease, induced by yersinia pestis growth in rodents, with human transmission by fleas. in numerous cases, lymph node reaction is important. this survey (329 patients and contacts) is the most extensive ever realised, associating plasmidic virulence and immunity studies. from the results, we can retain that: all the strains were 47 plasmid+. the immunity was precocious, specific, of high titer and persistent. in conclusion, in plaque endemic zone, high bacillus circulation ... | 1990 | 2078084 |
| [preliminary study on malaria transmission at the end of the rainy season in mahitsy near tananarive]. | this survey carried out from march to june 1989, demonstrated the important part of an. funestus in malaria transmission, in mahisty, a village near the malagasy capital city. end of march, the number of an. funestus bites reached 6 per man per night, and only 0.75 for an. gambiae s.l. in march a mean of 23 an. funestus per room were found as indoor resting mosquitoes. one indoor resting an. funestus, caught in june, was positive against p. vivax by elisa. observed of 52 indoor-resting an. funes ... | 1990 | 2078087 |
| [malaria vectors and their role in transmission, in manarintsoa in the highland plateaux of madagascar from 1988 to 1990]. | to evaluate the factors determining malaria transmission level, entomological and parasitological surveys were conducted from october 1988 to february 1990 in manarintsoa, in the central highland plateaux of madagascar. mosquitoes were collected during 928 man-nights of captures, in pit shelters and in indoors resting sites. the malaria vectors were an. arabiensis and an. funestus, with no evidence of the presence of an. gambiae s.s. the vectors were mainly exophilic and zoophilic. the index of ... | 1990 | 2078088 |
| is anopheles mascarensis a new malaria vector in madagascar? | anopheles mascarensis de meillon, 1947, a mosquito that is native to madagascar, is reported for the first time to act as a vector of plasmodium falciparum malaria. from september 1989 to march 1990, 2, 499 an. mascarensis specimens from different regions of madagascar were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), using monoclonal antibodies against the circumsporozoite (cs) protein of the four human species of plasmodium. the salivary glands of 237 specimens were also dissected. ... | 1992 | 1536380 |
| a genetic marker at the glucokinase gene locus for type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in mauritian creoles. | the prevalence of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is high in mauritius, a multiethnic island nation in the southwestern indian ocean. evaluation of candidate genes in the different ethnic groups represents a means of assessing the genetic component. as glucokinase is known to be a key regulator of glucose homeostasis in liver and pancreatic beta-cells, the human gene was isolated and a dinucleotide repeat (ca)n marker was identified at this locus. a polymerase chain reaction ass ... | 1992 | 1644240 |
| agricultural practices affect arthritis. | it has been suggested that boron deficiency in food may be a cause of some arthritis (newnham 1979). epidemiological studies were done to try to ascertain why some countries have more or less arthritis than other countries. jamaica, mauritius, fiji and israel were visited with a view to ascertaining the boron levels of locally consumed food as it was suspected that excessive use of soluble chemical fertilizers had damaged the soils of the sugar producing lands. food grown on these soils were fou ... | 1991 | 1645463 |
| [virus manombo (mg ar 966), a provisionally new arbovirus isolated from culicidae in madagascar]. | in april 1987, a virus strain was isolated from a pool of mansonia uniformis caught on human bait, in a tropical primary rain forest area of the south-east coast of madagascar. antigenically, this virus may not be related to other known viruses, and constitutes a provisionally new arbovirus called virus manombo. | 1991 | 1688286 |
| [longitudinal study on malaria transmission and biology of vectors in the island of sainte marie, on the east coast of madagascar, from 1988 to 1990]. | a 17-month longitudinal malaria survey was carried out in sainte marie island, on the east coast of madagascar, from november 1988 to march 1990. during 706 man-nights of captures, 46401 mosquitoes belonging to 32 species were caught. sporozoïte rates were calculated by elisa. the malaria vectors were anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, an. funestus and an. mascarensis. an. gambiae was the main vector. it was highly anthropophilic and partially exophilic. transmission by this species mainly occurre ... | 1991 | 1688287 |
| genetic complexity of plasmodium vivax parasites in individual human infections analyzed with monoclonal antibodies against variant epitopes on a single parasite protein. | monoclonal antibodies against variant epitopes of a highly polymorphic protein (pv200) in schizonts of plasmodium vivax have been used to analyze the variety of genetically distinct populations of parasites present in the peripheral blood of individual p. vivax infections in sri lanka. in 9 out of 10 isolates of freshly drawn p. vivax infected blood from different individuals, parasites of only 1 pv200 serotype was found within each individual infection, even though parasites were serotypically ... | 1990 | 1690521 |
| [seroepidemiological study of human leptospirosis at reunion island]. | in order to evaluate the prevalence of human leptospirosis in reunion island and to identify possible risk factors, a study was realised on a representative population sample of 3.338 persons. the prevalence of leptospirosis, diagnosed by elisa and confirmed by micro agglutination test, was 1.1%. male predominance and higher prevalence in rainy parts of the island, were confirmed. it has not been possible to display risk factors such as housing conditions or professional exercise. the serologica ... | 1991 | 1866480 |
| [serological surveillance of west nile virus infection in a village of the central highlands in madagascar]. | a serological survey on the frequency of west nile virus antibodies has been carried out in a village near antananarivo. igg antibodies were searched for by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on 460 sera collected in december 1988 and on 494 sera collected in july 1989. the prevalence of west nile virus antibodies varied from 13.4% to 21.8% between the beginning and the end of the rainy season. seroconversion was observed in 14.7% of 354 paired serum samples collected in december and july which h ... | 1990 | 2369170 |
| clustering of malaria infections within an endemic population: risk of malaria associated with the type of housing construction. | the occurrence of malaria infections due to plasmodium vivax and p. falciparum was monitored in a population of 3,023 people living in six contiguous villages in kataragama, an area of endemic malaria in southern sri lanka, over a period of 17 months. the annual incidence of malaria in this population during the study period was 25.8%. malaria attacks were clustered, occurring more frequently than expected in certain individuals and housing groups and less frequently than expected in others. in ... | 1991 | 1867350 |
| the significance of low density microfilaraemia in the transmission of wuchereria bancrofti by culex (culex) quinquefasciatus say in sri lanka. | laboratory-bred culex quinquefasciatus were fed on carriers with low and moderate densities of microfilariae (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti. in the first series of experiments, mosquitoes were dissected 12 d after feeding. the percentage of infected mosquitoes and the numbers of larvae per infected mosquito were directly proportional to the mf density at the time of feeding. there was an overall high infection rate and a wide distribution of larvae per individual mosquito at all levels, except for ... | 1991 | 1887486 |
| a mathematical model for plasmodium vivax malaria transmission: estimation of the impact of transmission-blocking immunity in an endemic area. | we have developed a multi-state mathematical model to describe the transmission of plasmodium vivax malaria; the model accommodates variable transmission-blocking/enhancing immunity during the course of a blood infection, a short memory for boosting immunity, and relapses. using the model, we simulated the incidence of human malaria, sporozoite rates in the vector population, and the level of transmission-blocking immunity for the infected population over a period of time. field data from an epi ... | 1991 | 1786621 |
| a serologic study of california serogroup bunyaviruses in sri lanka. | a seroepidemiologic study of california (cal) serogroup viruses (genus bunyavirus, family bunyaviridae) was carried out on 952 human and 1,834 animal sera collected from different ecological zones of sri lanka (latitudes 5-10 degrees n, longitudes 79-82 degrees e). the sera were screened for neutralizing antibody to lumbo (lum), snowshoe hare (ssh), and trivittatus (tvt) viruses by plaque neutralization tests on vero cells. of 2,786 sera screened, 262 (9.5%) had antibody to one or more viruses t ... | 1991 | 1928574 |
| the extraparasitic life cycle of toxocara vitulorum in the village environment of sri lanka. | the extraparasitic life cycle of toxocara vitulorum of buffalo in the villages of sri lanka is related to observations on buffalo behaviour, experimental studies on the development and persistence of the eggs in soil and in wallows and the presence of eggs in village locations. calf faeces on soil were rapidly incorporated by insect activity and the eggs developed only slightly slower than in the laboratory. some infective eggs persisted 3-4 cm deep for 17 months, finally dying during a prolonge ... | 1989 | 2588478 |
| immunomodulatory activity of three sri-lankan medicinal plants used in hepatic disorders. | the effects of aqueous extracts of osbeckia octandra whole plant, melothria maderaspatana whole plant and phyllanthus debelis leaves on the human immune system were investigated. the extracts showed strong anticomplement effects on both the classical and alternate pathways of the human complement system in vitro. the effects were dose-dependent and most pronounced in the classical complement pathway assay. the extracts also exhibited a direct dose-dependent inhibition of luminol-induced chemilum ... | 1991 | 1943175 |
| the use of praziquantel in human infection with dipylidium. | | 1989 | 2617586 |
| anopheline ecology and malaria infection during the irrigation development of an area of the mahaweli project, sri lanka. | a study on adult anopheline ecology and malaria vector incrimination was carried out from 1986 to 1989 during irrigation development in an area of the mahaweli project in eastern sri lanka. eleven potential vector species were collected resting indoors or by using human or bovid bait, and from light trap catches. overall, anopheles vagus (donitz), an. annularis (van der wulp), and an. subpictus (grassi) were the most prevalent, and an. culicifacies (giles) and an. barbirostris (van der wulp) wer ... | 1991 | 1877717 |
| sperm antimotility properties of a seed extract of abrus precatorius. | this study examined the inhibitory effects of a methanol extract of abrus precatorius seeds on the motility of washed human spermatozoa. the extract caused a concentration-related impairment of percentage sperm motility; with the ec50 concentration being 2.29 mg/ml. this effect on motility was essentially irreversible. with the highest concentration tested (20.0 mg/ml), the onset of the antimotility action was almost immediate. in addition, this concentration impaired the functional integrity of ... | 1991 | 1943179 |
| genetic variation in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein and apolipoprotein a-i genes and its relation to coronary heart disease in a sri lankan population. | the influence of variation in the genes for cholesteryl ester transfer protein and apolipoprotein a-i was investigated in 95 patients with coronary heart disease and 95 matched control subjects of south east asian extraction. restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) linked to the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene taqia and taqib, and to the apolipoprotein a-i gene ssti, were examined to investigate the extent of genetic variation at these loci. none of the alleles defined by these ... | 1990 | 1975178 |
| a sri lankan man with eosinophilia, wheezing, and cough. | | 1991 | 2041965 |
| htlv-i in neurological patients from some indian ocean islands. | | 1991 | 2051310 |
| antigenic variations in west nile virus strains isolated in madagascar since 1978. | the antigenic interrelationship between 52 madagascan west nile isolates and two prototype viruses (eg101 and g2266) was assessed by an immunofluorescent technique using monoclonal antibodies. this analysis enabled us to define 5 groups of variants, 4 of which were closer to the egyptian strain (eg101) than to the indian prototype (g2266). groups ii and v were dominant whereas strains of groups i and iv were less numerous. one strain belonging to group iii was antigenically similar to the indian ... | 1990 | 1982372 |
| the natural history and clinical course of calculus formation in man. | this paper describes levels and progression of supra- and subgingival calculus undisturbed by active professional intervention or home care between 1970 and 1985 in sri lanka, or when removed at regular intervals between 1969 and 1988 in norway. in the sri lankan tea laborers, both supra- and subgingival calculus formation started before age 14 years. at 40 years of age, all participants and almost all teeth and tooth surfaces had calculus. tea laborers who both smoked tobacco and chewed betel h ... | 1991 | 2061415 |
| possible rift valley fever outbreak in man and cattle in madagascar. | | 1991 | 2068735 |
| [viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in madagascan children]. | a total of 80 nasopharyngeal secretions collected from malagasy children (53 boys and 27 girls) with viral acute respiratory infection, aged from 6 days to 10 year old admitted to the pediatric department of antananarivo general hospital from may to july 1983, were investigated by indirect immunofluorescence method. 54--samples were found positive for respiratory viruses. distribution according age groups and sex has been studied: children belonging to 25-36 month age group and male sex were mor ... | 1986 | 3026268 |
| [clinical aspects and prognostic factors of icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis in adults. apropos of 249 cases in la reunion]. | human leptospirosis of the classical and severe icterohemorrhagic type, usually due to the l. icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup, is frequent in la réunion. in a retrospective study conducted between 1980 and 1984 in 249 adult patients, the mortality rate was 13 p. 100. our data and those found in the literature indicate that the main cause of death is pneumopathy, followed by profuse haemorrhages, arrhythmias and cardiovascular collapse. acute renal failure is common and often severe; it facilitates ... | 1988 | 3067293 |
| anthropophagy and aggregation behaviour of the sandfly phlebotomus argentipes in sri lanka. | the visceral leishmaniasis (vl) vector phlebotomus argentipes annandale & brunetti is widely distributed throughout the indian sub-continent and s.e. asia. the absence of vl in areas such as sri lanka has been attributed to the zoophilic nature of p.argentipes, since they were not recorded biting man. field studies on p.argentipes were undertaken in the central highlands of sri lanka, near kandy, in may 1988. male sandflies outnumbered females on cows by 19:1, and were regularly spaced at all de ... | 1990 | 2132972 |
| rift valley fever on the east coast of madagascar. | in march 1990, a rift valley fever virus (rvfv) outbreak was suspected in the district of fenerive on the east coast of madagascar after an abnormally high incidence of abortions and disease in livestock. sera from humans and cattle were tested for rvfv antibodies by immunofluorescence assay (ifa) and elisa-igm capture. sera and mosquitoes collected in the same area were tested for virus isolation by tissue culture and suckling mouse intracerebral inoculation, and for antigen detection by an eli ... | 1991 | 1687082 |
| serological examinations of slaughtered animals (cattle and goats) in the slaughter-house of colombo/sri lanka towards antibodies against brucellosis, q-fever, rmsf-rickettsia-group, listeriosis, echinococcosis and adenoviruses. | serological examinations of slaughtered animals (76 cattle and 184 goats) in the slaughter-house of colombo/sri lanka revealed antibodies against listeriosis, brucellosis, q-fever, rmsf-rickettsia-group, echinococcus and adenoviruses. as the results show, part of this zooanthroponosis has a role to play in human medicine and human infections are to be expected. | 1988 | 3139493 |
| immune responses against sexual stages of plasmodium vivax during human malarial infections in sri lanka. | during natural infections of p. vivax malaria a variety of immune responses to the infection affect infectivity of the parasites to mosquitoes. sexual stage antigens present in the blood stage parasites induce antibodies which may either enhance or suppress the infectivity of the sexual parasites to mosquitoes. subsequent infections of p. vivax do not, unless occurring within less than 4 months, boost this response indicating a very short immune memory for the relevant antigens. blood infection ... | 1991 | 1688139 |
| [impact of the use of larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata on the transmission of malaria in fir of comoros]. | field tests were conducted in the grande comore island, federal islamic republic of comoros, in order to evaluate the potential of the larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata for the control of the malaria vector anopheles gambiae s.s. due to the high permeability of soil, anopheles breeding sites in all island occurs only in the man-made water reservoirs. the study was carried out from november 1987 to november 1988 within a framework of a malaria and filariasis control programme, supported by who ... | 1991 | 1952700 |
| effect of artocarpus heterophyllus and asteracanthus longifolia on glucose tolerance in normal human subjects and in maturity-onset diabetic patients. | investigations were carried out to evaluate the effects of hot-water extracts of artocarpus heterophyllus leaves and asteracanthus longifolia whole plant material on the glucose tolerance of normal human subjects and maturity-onset diabetic patients. the extracts of both artocarpus heterophyllus and asteracanthus longifolia significantly improved glucose tolerance in the normal subjects and the diabetic patients when investigated at oral doses equivalent to 20 g/kg of starting material. | 1991 | 2056756 |
| [historical epidemiology of malaria in the archipelago of the mascarenes (indian ocean)]. | the mascarenes islands (mauritius, rodrigues and reunion) have been for the last few centuries a place of rest and convalescence for sailors, soldiers and inhabitants of the other regions of the indian ocean affected by "intermittent fevers". in the middle of the nineteenth century a severe and deadly malaria epidemic occurred first in mauritius and then in reunion island. it took a century to bring the disease under control, but this has in no way diminished the risk of its re-introduction. com ... | 1990 | 2291690 |
| human salmonella and shigella infections in moroni, the capital of great comoro island (1987-1988). | over a period of two years 98 cultures of salmonella and 17 cultures of shigella were isolated at the el maarouf hospital, moroni, capital of the comoros. almost half of the isolates were from children under 5 years. salmonella belonged to a limited range of serotypes, s. typhi dominating in adults and s. enteritidis in children, often with bacteraemia. antibiotic resistance was virtually absent in salmonella and without clinical significance in shigella. the high isolation rate of s. enteritidi ... | 1990 | 2291695 |
| genetic relationship among the musk shrews, suncus murinus insectivora, inhabiting islands and the continent based on mitochondrial dna types. | cleavage patterns of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) by restriction endonucleases were examined in musk shrews collected at six trapping sites on two japanese and two indonesian islands, on sri lanka, situated close to the indian subcontinent, and on the mainland of east bengal in bangladesh. no variation of mtdnas was found among the japanese and indonesian shrews, despite their geographical isolation by the sera. in contrast, at least six mtdna types were present in the sri lanka and the bangladesh ... | 1990 | 2383245 |
| medical and human-factor aspects of the first fatal helicopter accident in sri lanka. | | 1987 | 3442876 |
| larval survey of surface water-breeding mosquitoes during irrigation development in the mahaweli project, sri lanka. | a survey of ground water-breeding mosquitoes was done during 1986-1987 in an area undergoing irrigation development in the mahaweli project of sri lanka. forty-nine species were collected during the 12-mo phase of humans settlement and infrastructure construction, and 42 species during the succeeding 12-mo period under irrigated rice culture. development resulted in the elimination of some preexisting breeding habitats, the modification of others, and the creation of new habits. the overall chan ... | 1990 | 1977912 |
| mobilization of antibiotic resistance genes among farm animals and human hosts in a developing country (sri lanka). | | 1987 | 3629267 |
| [epidemiologic survey of the cysticercosis endemic on réunion island]. | the high incidence of cysticercosis was underestimated in reunion island before computed tomography (january, 1984). in 1974, soulayrolles et boyer-vidal found that cysticercosis was responsible for 0.5 p. 100 of the cases of epilepsy. in hospitalized people, routine cranial and muscles radiographies detected: 1/among 242 epileptics: 183 men: 36 positive (19.67 p. 100); 59 women: 9 positive (15.25 p. 100), 2/among 166 non epileptic-related neurological disorders: 106 men, 6 positive (5.66 p. 100 ... | 1986 | 3797934 |
| [bacterial, viral and parasitological study of a population of chaerophon pumila bats in anjiro, madagascar]. | this bacterial, viral and parasitical study of the insect eater bats chaerophon pumila allowed to isolate, from stools of 88 of them, 115 bacterial strains to enterobacteriaceae family: some of them were identified as very atypical, rare or potentially pathogenic for man. from salivary glands, brain and blood, 13 viral strains were also isolated: 8 of them were less identified as dakar-bat virus. any parasite was observed. | 1989 | 2517389 |
| seroprevalence of human parvovirus b19 infection in sao tomé and principe, malawi and mascarene islands. | the prevalence of antibodies to human parvovirus b19 (anti-b19 igg) in sera (n = 577) from sao tomé and principe, malawi and mascarene islands (mauritius and rodriguez islands) was determined by antibody capture elisa. the b19 prevalence was 51.5% on sao tomé and principe, 58.4% in malawi, and 55.0% on the mauritius mainland and 2.2% on rodriguez island, indicating that b19 virus is highly prevalent not only in europe, japan and the americas but also in the african region. rodriguez islands has ... | 1989 | 2550018 |
| [evaluation of 30-year-activity of the virology laboratory of the pasteur institute in madagascar (1958-1987)]. | the authors studied the different activities of pasteur institute virology laboratory since it was created. in general virology laboratory, 1.685 viral strains were isolated from 9.533 studied samples (17.6% of positivity). enterovirus represented 90% of the viral strains. from 2.417 taking of rhino-pharynx, 133 myxovirus were isolated: a/h3n2 represented 76% of them. 10.776 patients, from 36.169 antirabic department consultants, were vaccinated and 600 had an antirabic serotherapy. 2.828 suspec ... | 1989 | 2561255 |
| human infections with dirofilaria, a filarial parasite of animals in ceylon, with a brief review of recent cases. | | 1971 | 4149857 |
| natural history of periodontal disease in man. rapid, moderate and no loss of attachment in sri lankan laborers 14 to 46 years of age. | this paper describes the initiation, rate of progress of periodontal disease and consequent tooth loss in a population never exposed to any programs or incidents relative to prevention and treatment of dental diseases. the group consisted of 480 male laborers at two tea plantations in sri lanka. the study design and baseline data have been published. at the initial examination in 1970, the age of the participants ranged between 14 and 31 years. subsequent examinations occurred in 1971, 1973, 197 ... | 1986 | 3487557 |
| [transmission cycles of the west-nile virus in madagascar, indian ocean]. | virological, serological and entomological research conducted in madagascar since 1975, reveal the wide-spread presence of west-nile virus on the island. this arbovirus has been isolated from humans, parrots and egrets. vectors belong to the genus culex (e.g. cx. decens, cx. quinquefasciatus, cx. antennatus, cx. univittatus), however the virus has also been isolated from aedes and anopheles. serological tests carried out on over 1,600 human and almost 1,000 animal sera, revealed that human being ... | 1989 | 2575365 |
| four more cases of human infection with dirofilaria (nochtiella). | | 1972 | 4659135 |
| characterization of anti-complement compounds from azadirachta indica. | the crude aqueous extract of azadirachta indica bark possesses an inhibitory activity on both classical (cp) and alternative pathway (ap) activation of human complement. purification of the compounds with the guidance of the ap-inhibitory activity involved extraction with methanol, dialysis, ion-exchange procedures and gel-permeation chromatography. this sequence yielded two polymers, nb-i and nb-ii, one a highly active compound with a relatively low molecular weight (nb-ii) and the other a less ... | 1989 | 2615417 |
| [role of animals and birds as sources of salmonella infections in man (literature review)]. | | 1970 | 4927791 |
| [the cost of a campaign against malaria. general considerations]. | malaria is yet one of the major tropical problems and the technical evolution of the malaria campaigns since 90 years is a witness of its complexity. the cost of a programme against malaria, including house spraying, case finding with chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis for pregnant women, must allow a long-term (10 years) mobilization of resources. in mayotte island (comoro archipelago), the cost of the malaria campaign was, in 1987, about 6 us $ by inhabitant. without man power cost, the house s ... | 1990 | 2208452 |
| [ecological factors in the renewed outbreak of malaria in madagascar]. | the new epidemic of malaria which spread on the madagascar high plateau in 1986-1987 is due to the combination of several factors (some of which are analysed by the authors, especially those related to anopheles, parasite and man). the authors compare the situations on the high plateau and on st mary island, on the east madagascar coast, where the malaria is stable. concerning the vector, the most interesting fact is the come-back of anopheles funestus on the high plateau from which it had disap ... | 1990 | 2208464 |
| viral hepatitis in sri lanka. | | 1989 | 2627726 |
| reaching the unreached. | embodied in the child survival revolution are ideological, methodological, and organizational innovations aimed at radical change in the condition of the world's children as rapidly as possible. in countries such as sri lanka, child survival and health for all by the year 2000 often seem to be impossible goals, given the tumultuous socioeconomic and political conditions. in sri lanka, the quality of life has been eroded, not enhanced, by the importation of western technology and managerial cap ... | 1989 | 2638906 |
| isolation of two strains of dengue type 2 virus from human cases in ceylon. | | 1972 | 5035193 |
| [the temperature and distribution of human bilharziasis in madagascar]. | | 1967 | 5633316 |
| [recent survey of leptospirosis on madagascar. contribution to the study of human, bovine and porcine leptospirosis in the southern region]. | | 1968 | 5756585 |
| [malaria in 1988 in a village of the malagasy highland plateaux. epidemiological findings]. | in 1988, the malaria research unit of the madagascar pasteur institute settled an out-patients clinic in manarintsoa, a village of the highland plateaux where epidemic malaria appeared recently. 2776 consultants presented between january and june. in addition, the 200 schoolchildren were examined thrice. for each individual, clinical examination and thick and thin blood smears were performed. in the out-patients, parasite rates were above 50% each month and in each age group; the mean parasite r ... | 1989 | 2699226 |
| [human leptospirosis in reunion island. a 3-year epidemiological study (1985-1987)]. | during a three-year period (1985-1987), in reunion island, 252 cases of leptospirosis were clinically diagnosed in humans, and serologically confirmed. the epidemiological study showed a significant male predominance, presence during all ages of life; no month and no geographical zone are spared but maximal incidences are noted during periods of and in localities with the most important rainfall. severe forms are frequent but mortality remains low. | 1989 | 2743523 |
| neuroepidemiology of human t-lymphotrophic virus type-i-associated tropical spastic paraparesis. | tropical spastic paraparesis (tsp) is a chronic neurological syndrome of gradual onset involving the pyramidal tracts and upper motor neurons, resulting in weakness and stiffness of the lower extremities, hyperactive tendon reflexes, spasticity, low back pain, and urinary disturbances. clusters of endemic tsp have been noted in africa, the seychelles islands, colombia, and the caribbean. recently, studies have linked human t-lymphotrophic virus type-i (htlv-i) with the endemic form of the diseas ... | 1989 | 2786158 |