| an outbreak of human and canine blastomycosis. | in the summer and fall of 1988, three humans and one dog in a lakeshore community in northern wisconsin were found to have blastomycosis on the basis of the results of cultures and histologic studies; the infection was also suspected in one human and four dogs on the basis of clinical data. serologic testing with use of enzyme immunoassay for antibody to the a antigen of blastomyces dermatitidis was performed for 77 additional human residents and visitors in the area an average of 9 months after ... | 1991 | 1962106 |
| evidence of subclinical blastomycosis in forestry workers in northern minnesota and northern wisconsin. | to investigate the incidence of remote subclinical blastomycosis in a high-risk population of forestry workers. | 1990 | 2220880 |
| development of long-term specific cellular immunity after acute blastomyces dermatitidis infection: assessments following a large point-source outbreak in wisconsin. | ninety-five persons exposed to a point-source of blastomyces dermatitidis in wisconsin in 1984 were evaluated 3 months after exposure for the development of specific cellular immunity, and the 48 infected persons were again evaluated 7 and 21 months after exposure. the immune response was assessed by an assay of [3h]thymidine uptake by lymphocytes proliferating in response to stimulation with blastomyces alkali- and water-soluble antigen (b-asws) or blastomycin and by skin testing with blastomyc ... | 1990 | 2295863 |
| serological tests for blastomycosis: assessments during a large point-source outbreak in wisconsin. | enzyme immunoassay (eia), immunodiffusion (id), and complement fixation (cf) tests for antibody to the a antigen of blastomyces dermatitidis were assessed in 47 patients in an epidemic of blastomycosis and in 89 control subjects with lower respiratory tract illness. antibody was detected by eia, id, and cf in 77%, 28%, and 9% of the patients, respectively. eia titers ranged from 1:8-1:512 (median titer, 1:128). antibody detected by id or cf was always detectable by eia. antibody was detected by ... | 1987 | 3100658 |
| epidemiologic aspects of blastomycosis, the enigmatic systemic mycosis. | a growing body of epidemiologic information derives from the study of sporadic cases and seven epidemics of blastomycosis, although a complete epidemiologic description of the disease is impeded by the absence of a skin test and difficulty isolating the causative fungus, blastomyces dermatitidis, from nature. most cases occur sporadically in humans and dogs in a worldwide distribution. endemic areas in the united states include southeastern, southcentral, and midwestern states, particularly arka ... | 1986 | 3317597 |
| two outbreaks of blastomycosis along rivers in wisconsin. isolation of blastomyces dermatitidis from riverbank soil and evidence of its transmission along waterways. | blastomycosis cannot yet be prevented or controlled, in part because the natural habitat of the causative fungus, blastomyces dermatitidis, remains ill defined. in investigating 2 outbreaks of blastomycosis that occurred in the summer of 1985 among persons engaged in activities along rivers in contiguous central wisconsin counties, we isolated b. dermatitidis from soil at one of the riverbanks. blastomycosis developed in 7 (58%) of 12 residents and guests who had gathered at a pheasant farm on t ... | 1987 | 3688635 |
| isolation of blastomyces dermatitidis in soil associated with a large outbreak of blastomycosis in wisconsin. | in investigating six cases of blastomycosis in two school groups that had separately visited an environmental camp in northern wisconsin in june 1984, we identified a large outbreak of the disease and isolated blastomyces dermatitidis from soil at a beaver pond near the camp. of 89 elementary-school children and 10 adults from the two groups, 48 (51 percent) of the 95 evaluated in september had blastomycosis. of the cases, 26 (54 percent) were symptomatic (the median incubation period was 45 day ... | 1986 | 3945290 |
| a laboratory-based surveillance of human blastomycosis in wisconsin between 1973 and 1982. | blastomycosis appears to be prevalent in states around the great lakes. however, its incidence in these states has not been reported. the wisconsin division of health established a laboratory-based surveillance for human blastomycosis in wisconsin to estimate disease incidence and identify endemic areas in the state for the interval 1973 to 1982. certified mycology and pathology laboratories in wisconsin and at two major medical centers in minnesota were surveyed for all laboratory isolates and ... | 1985 | 4050777 |
| epidemic of pulmonary blastomycosis (namekagon fever) in wisconsin canoeists. | epidemics of pulmonary blastomycosis have rarely been reported. the following epidemic occurred in a minnesota family and several of their acquaintances after a canoeing trip in northwestern wisconsin. the common exposure area was most likely a campsite, located along the upper reaches of the namekagon river. the namekagon river valley is a known endemic area of namekagon fever (blastomycosis) in dogs. approximately one month after returning home, five of the eight members of the group had posit ... | 1984 | 6488903 |
| epidemiological studies on blastomycosis in the state of wisconsin. | a study was made of 73 wisconsin cases of canine blastomycosis. each case was studied with respect to the life history of the animal. it was considered that a large percentage of the dogs were infected while in wisconsin, since 40 had never left the state, and it was highly probable that in a large percentage of the other 33 cases the disease was contracted while the dog resided in wisconsin. a study of the cases with respect to county of residence, birth and visitation revealed that there were ... | 1980 | 7434131 |
| utility of anti-wi-1 serological testing in the diagnosis of blastomycosis in wisconsin residents. | wi-1, a 120-kd protein found in the outer cell wall of blastomyces dermatitidis, has been purified, labeled with 125i, and used as a target in a radioimmunoassay (ria). in an assessment of the usefulness of anti-wi-1 serology in the diagnosis of blastomycosis, the ria was used to test four panels of sera from residents of wisconsin, a state in which blastomycosis is endemic. twenty-four (75%) of 32 patients whose blastomycosis had been reported to the wisconsin division of health had at least on ... | 1994 | 7948563 |
| blastomycosis--wisconsin, 1986-1995. | blastomycosis is a disease of humans and animals caused by inhalation of airborne spores from blastomyces dermatitidis, a dimorphic fungus found in soil. the spectrum of clinical manifestations of blastomycosis includes acute pulmonary disease, subacute and chronic pulmonary disease (most common presentations), and disseminated extrapulmonary disease (cutaneous manifestations are most common, followed by involvement of the bone, the genitourinary tract, and central nervous system). although the ... | 1996 | 8676851 |
| the in vitro isolation of blastomyces dermatitidis from a woodpile in north central wisconsin, usa. | environmental isolations of the dimorphic fungus, blastomyces dermatitidis, the aetiologic agent of blastomycosis are rare, and have usually involved animal inoculation techniques. we report the in vitro isolation of b. dermatitidis from a woodpile in november 1997, from a private property in a highly endemic area of north central wisconsin, usa. the woodpile was 73 m from the wisconsin river and 5 m from a kennel which had housed nine dogs over the past 14 years, four of which had been diagnose ... | 1999 | 10421847 |
| canine antibody response to blastomyces dermatitidis wi-1 antigen. | to assess whether dogs with blastomycosis produce antibodies against the wi-1 and a-antigens of blastomyces dermatitidis and whether the antibodies are useful in serodiagnosis. | 2000 | 10803652 |
| blastomycosis: more evidence for exposure near one's domicile. | our previous publications on the epidemiology of blastomycosis suggested that the etiologic organism, blastomyces dermatitidis, may be acquired at home, however this view was challenged in an editorial. | 2001 | 11816782 |
| attempted isolation of blastomyces dermatitidis from rectal cultures of beaver (castor canadensis) from north central wisconsin. | | 1996 | 11990111 |
| cluster of pulmonary blastomycosis in a rural community: evidence for multiple high-risk environmental foci following a sustained period of diminished precipitation. | much of our understanding of the epidemiologic features of infection with blastomyces dermatitidis has come from cluster and outbreak investigations which have established the association of human disease with recreational pursuits and the presence of infectious microfoci in areas of moist soil with high organic content. this report describes the clustering of eight cases of pulmonary blastomycosis without an apparent common source exposure which occurred during a 90 day period in a 96 square mi ... | 2002 | 11998870 |
| serological differences in two blastomyces dermatitidis isolates from different geographical regions of north america. | yeast phase lysate antigens were prepared from two isolates (t-58 and erc-2) from different geographic locations. tennessee and wisconsin. these lysate were evaluated with respect to their ability to detect antibody in dogs infected with blastomycosis and rabbits immunized with the lysates by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). both the dog sera and rabbit sera assays demonstrated that there were serological differences in these two isolates, which implied that there was antigenic vari ... | 2002 | 11998876 |
| attempted isolation of blastomyces dermatitidis from native shrews in northern wisconsin, usa. | the precise ecological niche of blastomyces dermatitidis is unknown. the related dimorphic fungus, paracoccidioides brasiliensis, has been isolated from south american ground-dwelling insectivorous armadillos. we attempted to isolate blastomyces from shrews, north american ground-dwelling insectivores that have been shown to harbor histoplasma capsulatum in endemic areas. forty-seven masked shrews (sorex cinereus) and 13 northern short-tailed shrews (blarina brevicauda) were collected in endemic ... | 2005 | 16178369 |
| blastomycosis in a south indian patient after visiting an endemic area in usa. | we describe a case of blastomycosis in a diabetic patient from south india who had visited milwaukee, wisconsin, an endemic area for blastomycosis in the usa. after his return to bangalore, india, the patient developed intermittent fever of moderate to high grade, cough, loss of weight and appetite, and abscesses in the left cubital fossa and thigh regions. systemic examination at our hospital revealed that he had dullness to percussion over the chest region and decreased breath sounds. direct e ... | 2006 | 16966169 |
| blastomycosis in solid organ transplant recipients. | blastomyces dermatitidis, the etiologic agent of blastomycosis, causes severe disease and substantial mortality in those immunocompromised by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or malignancy. in solid organ transplant recipients, the epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes have not been fully described. | 2007 | 17428278 |
| ecologic niche modeling of blastomyces dermatitidis in wisconsin. | blastomycosis is a potentially fatal mycosis that is acquired by inhaling infectious spores of blastomyces dermatitidis present in the environment. the ecology of this pathogen is poorly understood, in part because it has been extremely difficult to identify the niche(s) it occupies based on culture isolation of the organism from environmental samples. | 2008 | 18446224 |
| attempted isolation of blastomyces dermatitidis from the nares of dogs: northern wisconsin, usa. | the nasal cavities of domestic animals may concentrate and allow isolation of environmentally acquired fungal pathogens. we obtained two swabs each from the nares of 110 asymptomatic, physically normal dogs from a veterinary practice in eagle river, wi, usa, an area highly endemic for blastomycosis. four of the tested dogs had past histories of blastomycosis. samples were placed on yeast extract phosphate (smith's) media at 20 degrees c but growth of blastomyces dermatitidis was not observed on ... | 2009 | 19888812 |
| effects of season and weather on blastomycosis in dogs: northern wisconsin, usa. | dogs and humans acquire blastomyces dermatitidis infections from the same incompletely defined habitat. studies of blastomycosis cases have not consistently demonstrated seasonality or significant antecedent climate effects. to determine the distribution of disease by season, we studied over 18 years 219 dogs with blastomycosis from a single veterinary practice in northern wisconsin. the 202 vilas county dog addresses were compared to 200 random-number selected addresses from the practice regist ... | 2011 | 20491530 |
| non-rural point source blastomycosis outbreak near a yard waste collection site. | objective blastomycosis is a potentially fatal infection caused by the fungus blastomyces dermatitidis. during january 1 through march 5, 2006, 21 laboratory confirmed cases of blastomycosis were reported among residents of an endemic area in north-central wisconsin, a striking increase compared with previous years. the objective of study was to determine if an observed increase in blastomycosis among residents of an urban area in north-central wisconsin was caused by a point-source exposure and ... | 2010 | 20974888 |
| blastomycosis diagnosed in a nonhyperendemic area. | blastomycosis, caused by the dimorphic fungus blastomyces dermatitidis, is hyperendemic in northern wisconsin and is unevenly distributed in the rest of the state and contiguous minnesota. clinical presentation of this illness has been characterized by localized outbreaks and sporadic cases in endemic areas. | 2014 | 24712215 |
| a large community outbreak of blastomycosis in wisconsin with geographic and ethnic clustering. | blastomycosis is a potentially life-threatening infection caused by the soil-based dimorphic fungus blastomyces dermatitidis, which is endemic throughout much of the midwestern united states. we investigated an increase in reported cases of blastomycosis that occurred during 2009-2010 in marathon county, wisconsin. | 2013 | 23735332 |
| clinical and molecular epidemiology of veterinary blastomycosis in wisconsin. | several studies have shown that blastomyces dermatitidis, the etiologic agent of blastomycosis, is a genetically diverse pathogen. blastomycosis is a significant health issue in humans and other mammals. veterinary and human isolates matched with epidemiological case data from the same geographic area and time period were used to determine: (i) if differences in genetic diversity and structure exist between clinical veterinary and human isolates of b. dermatitidis and (ii) if comparable epidemio ... | 2013 | 23607640 |