| a retrospective study of mortality in pennsylvania captive white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus): 20000--2003. | the postmortem records of 160 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) submitted for necropsy examination from 59 separate pennsylvania captive deer farms over a 3.5-year period were reviewed to determine the primary cause of death of each animal. the most common causes of death were bronchopneumonia (39 cases), enterocolitis (30 cases), malnutrition (13 cases), and trauma (11 cases). other causes of mortality included severe gastrointestinal parasitism (6 cases), cellulitis with septicemia (5 ... | 2004 | 15586566 |
| mortality in pennsylvania captive elk (cervus elaphus): 1998-2006. | the necropsy records of 65 elk ranging from 1 day to 13(1/2) years of age were reviewed to determine the primary cause of death of each animal. the animal carcasses were submitted from 22 separate pennsylvania elk farms over an approximately 8-year period. the most common causes of mortality in animals in which the cause of death was determined were gastrointestinal parasitism (21 cases), pneumonia (7 cases), enterocolitis (5 cases), malnutrition (5 cases), and rumenitis/acidosis (5 cases). the ... | 2007 | 17459871 |
| real-time multiplex pcr assay for rapid detection and toxintyping of clostridium perfringens toxin producing strains in feces of dairy cattle. | clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium associated with a wide variety of diseases in domestic animals and humans. we have developed dual-labeled fluorescence hybridization probe (taqman((r)))-based real-time multiplex pcr assay for detection of toxin genes alpha (cpa), beta (cpb), iota (ia), epsilon (etx), beta2 (cpb2) and enterotoxin (cpe) of c. perfringens directly from cattle feces. the assay was standardized using atcc reference strains of c. perfring ... | 2008 | 17890052 |
| prevalence of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens isolates in pittsburgh (pennsylvania) area soils and home kitchens. | in the united states and europe, food poisoning due to clostridium perfringens type a is predominantly caused by c. perfringens isolates carrying a chromosomal enterotoxin gene (cpe). neither the reservoir for these isolates nor the point in the food chain where these bacteria contaminate foods is currently understood. therefore, the current study investigated whether type a isolates carrying a chromosomal cpe gene are present in two potential reservoirs, i.e., soil and home kitchen surfaces. no ... | 2007 | 17905877 |