| guam amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-parkinsonism-dementia linked to a plant excitant neurotoxin. | the decline in the high incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, parkinsonism, and alzheimer-type dementia among the chamorro population of the western pacific islands of guam and rota, coupled with the absence of demonstrable viral and hereditable factors in this disease, suggests the gradual disappearance of an environmental factor selectively associated with this culture. one candidate is seed of the neurotoxic plant cycas circinalis l., a traditional source of food and medicine which has ... | 1987 | 3603037 |
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism dementia complex: transgenic mice provide insights into mechanisms underlying a common tauopathy in an ethnic minority on guam. | intracytoplasmic filamentous tau inclusions are neuropathological hallmarks of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism-dementia complex (als/pdc) of guam and the defining lesions of other neurodegenerative disorders known as tauopathies. here we review current insights into the cell and molecular neuropathology of als/pdc, a common tauopathy in the chamorro population on guam. we also summarize recent advances in understanding this disorder through studies of transgenic (tg) mouse models of t ... | 2002 | 12093078 |
| risk assessment of an acetaminophen baiting program for chemical control of brown tree snakes on guam: evaluation of baits, snake residues, and potential primary and secondary hazards. | the brown tree snake (boiga irregularis) is a significant ecological, agricultural, and economic pest on guam. acetaminophen has recently been identified as a promising snake toxicant. subsequent experimentation has shown that acetaminophen-mouse baits are readily consumed by and acutely toxic to browntree snakes. before implementing an island-wide acetaminophen-mouse baiting program for the reducton of brown tree snake populations,the potential risks to nontarget wildlife must be evaluated. qua ... | 2002 | 12322757 |
| isolations of n-methyl-d-aspartic acid-type glutamate receptor ligands from micronesian sponges. | the bioassay-guided fractionation of the water-soluble extract of the marine sponge cribrochalina olemda collected in palau resulted in the isolation of a new amino acid cribronic acid (1): (2s,4r,5r)-5-hydroxy-4-sulfooxypiperidine-2-carboxylic acid. however, aqueous extracts of stylotella aurantium and axinella carteri collected in yap state, micronesia, afforded a known n-methyl-d-aspartic acid (nmda)-type glutamate receptor agonist, (2s,4s)-4-sulfooxypiperidine-2-carboxylic acid (2), as a com ... | 2003 | 12828462 |
| novel n-methylated 8-oxoisoguanines from pacific sponges with diverse neuroactivities. | marine organisms have yielded a variety of metabolites with neuropharmacological applications. here we describe the isolation and pharmacological characterization of four novel, neurologically active purines 1-4, isolated from haplosclerida sponges collected in the republic of palau. the structures were determined by analyses of spectral and x-ray data. compound 1 induced convulsions upon intracerebroventricular injection into mice, with a cd50 value of 2.4 nmol/mouse. purines 2-4 were active in ... | 2010 | 20681583 |
| spatial distribution of ciguateric fish in the republic of kiribati. | ciguatera is food poisoning caused by human consumption of reef fish contaminated with ciguatoxins (ctxs). the expanding international trade of tropical fish species from ciguatera-endemic regions has resulted in increased global incidence of ciguatera, and more than 50000 people are estimated to suffer from ciguatera each year worldwide. the republic of kiribati is located in the pacific ocean; two of its islands, marakei and tarawa, have been suggested as high-risk areas for ciguatera. the tox ... | 2011 | 21397295 |