| paralytic shellfish poisoning in singapore. | paralytic shellfish poisoning is caused by the ingestion of shellfish meat rendered toxic by exposure to a high level of toxic dinoflagellates during the phenomenon of "red tide". this paper reports the first outbreak of paralytic shellfish poisoning from green mussels in singapore which resulted in two deaths. analysis of the mussel meat by a standardised mouse bioassay confirmed the presence of the toxin. an attempt was also made to extend the bioassay to an analysis of the gastrointestinal co ... | 1986 | 3707038 |
| systemic levels of cytokines and gad-specific autoantibodies isotypes in chinese iddm patients. | it is not clear if a th1/th2 imbalance in type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, iddm) would lead to a particular antigen-specific igg subclass dominant as had been shown in the mouse model. in new-onset type 1 diabetics, an autoantibody response to glutamate decarboxylase (gadab) is frequently observed but the gadab subclass repertoire is not well-established. we determined the systemic levels of representative th1 and th2 cytokines and the gadab igg subclass distribution in 41 c ... | 1999 | 10221665 |
| identification of shared and unique immunoglobulin e epitopes of the highly conserved tropomyosins in blomia tropicalis and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. | tropomyosin belongs to a class of highly conserved proteins in invertebrates and vertebrates. the invertebrate tropomyosins are allergenic in man with high ige cross-reactivity and have been therefore referred to as pan-allergens. | 2002 | 12190660 |
| capsular serotype k1 or k2, rather than maga and rmpa, is a major virulence determinant for klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess in singapore and taiwan. | capsular serotypes, maga, and rmpa have been documented in high prevalence for klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess. to investigate the regional difference and the correlation of capsular serotype, maga, and rmpa with virulence, 73 isolates were collected in singapore and taiwan. capsular serotypes were determined by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis, the presence of maga and rmpa was determined by pcr, and virulence was determined by phagocytosis and mouse inoculation. isolates from singapore ... | 2007 | 17151209 |
| differential parental transmission of markers in runx2 among cleft case-parent trios from four populations. | isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (cl/p) is among the most common human birth defects, with a prevalence around 1 in 700 live births. the runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx2) gene has been suggested as a candidate gene for cl/p based largely on mouse models; however, no human studies have focused on runx2 as a risk factor for cl/p. this study examines the association between markers in runx2 and isolated, nonsyndromic cl/p using a case-parent trio design, while considering p ... | 2008 | 18357615 |
| Molecular typing and virulence analysis of serotype K1 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from liver abscess patients and stool samples from noninfectious subjects in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan. | Serotype K1 Klebsiella pneumoniae with multilocus sequence type 23 (ST23) has been strongly associated with liver abscess in Taiwan. Few data regarding the strain types and virulence of this serotype from other Asian countries are available. Serotype K1 K. pneumoniae strains isolated from liver abscess and stool samples from subjects hospitalized in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan hospitals were examined. Forty-seven serotype K1 isolates were identified: 26 from liver abscess samples and 21 fro ... | 2011 | 21900521 |
| properties and expression of na+/k+-atpase α-subunit isoforms in the brain of the swamp eel, monopterus albus, which has unusually high brain ammonia tolerance. | the swamp eel, monopterus albus, can survive in high concentrations of ammonia (>75 mmol l(-1)) and accumulate ammonia to high concentrations in its brain (4.5 µmol g(-1)). na(+)/k(+)-atpase (nka) is an essential transporter in brain cells, and since nh4(+) can substitute for k(+) to activate nka, we hypothesized that the brain of m. albus expressed multiple forms of nka α-subunits, some of which might have high k(+) specificity. thus, this study aimed to clone and sequence the nka α-subunits fr ... | 2013 | 24391932 |