| [james israel (1848-1926). his contribution to oral and maxillofacial surgery]. | the berlin surgeon james israel (1848-1926) is generally known as one of the leading kidney surgeons of his time. furthermore, he is commemorated for describing actinomycosis bacteria, named after him in 1878: actinomyces israelii. it is less well known that he also made several important contributions to maxillofacial surgery. this special aspect as well as israel's biography is presented in this article from the history of medicine. | 2003 | 12764680 |