| plasmid profile typing can be used to subdivide phage-type 49 of salmonella typhimurium in outbreak investigations. | plasmid profile typing has been used to subdivide phage-type 49 of salmonella typhimurium, the most common phage type in humans in england and wales since 1985. twenty profile patterns have been identified in 350 strains examined. four profile patterns have been identified in 143 isolates from patients infected in 33 epidemiologically unrelated incidents and two patterns have predominated, st49:62 and st49:62, 1. these patterns were also common amongst s. typhimurium phage-type 49 isolated from ... | 1990 | 2182328 |
| the hygiene and marketing of fresh cream as assessed by the methylene blue test. a report by a working party to the director of the public health laboratory service. | the hygiene and marketing of fresh cream in england and wales was investigated by a working party of the public health laboratory service (phls) between 1 october 1968 and 31 july 1969. thirty-one cream-producing dairies were visited and observations made in the light of the code of practice published by the milk and milk products technical advisory committee of the ministry of agriculture, fisheries and food, and the scottish home and health department. suggestions are made in this report to st ... | 1971 | 4326247 |
| salmonella in pigs and animal feeding stuffs in england and wales and in denmark. | a comparison has been made between the incidence of salmonellas in pigs and feeding stuffs in england and wales and in denmark. in denmark there is veterinary legislation requiring the sterilization of imported and home produced feed ingredients of animal origin. there is no such legislation in england and wales. in denmark 0.3% of resterilized imported meat and bone meal was contaminated with salmonellas. this compared with 23% of meat and bone meal in england and wales and 20-27% of other ingr ... | 1972 | 4552257 |
| salmonella infection in horses in england and wales, 1973 to 1979. | during the period 1973 to 1979 the number of recorded incidents of equine salmonellosis increased from 23 in 1973 to a peak of 111 incidents in 1976, but has since decreased to 32 in 1979. of the 416 incidents recorded during the period of the survey 292 were caused by salmonella typhimurium and 121 by 33 different serotypes; in three instances rough strains of salmonella were involved. the number of incidents caused by serotypes other than s typhimurium increased from one in 1973 to 32 in 1976. ... | 1981 | 7041408 |
| a large outbreak of human salmonellosis traced to a local pig farm. | an outbreak of salmonella typhimurium definitive type (dt) 193 affecting 206 persons occurred in july and august 1989 in a small town in northern england. a descriptive study suggested that cold meats including pork from a butcher's shop in the town were vehicles of infection. an analytical study of a cohort attending a function in the town showed a significant association between illness and consumption of cold roast pork supplied by the butcher's shop (p = 0.00000004). s. typhimurium dt 193 wi ... | 1993 | 8472766 |
| general outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease linked with salad vegetables and fruit, england and wales, 1992-2000. | between 1992 and 2000, 1,518 foodborne general outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease (iid) were reported to the public health laboratory service (phls) communicable disease surveillance centre (cdsc), of which 83 (5.5%) were associated with the consumption of salad vegetables or fruit (svf). the pathogens most frequently reported were salmonellas (41.0%) and norwalk-like virus (nlv) (15.7%). in total 3,438 people were affected; 69 were admitted to hospital and one person died. most outbreak ... | 2002 | 12166293 |
| an outbreak of human infection due to salmonella typhi-murium, phage type 4, associated with the use of unpasteurized liquid egg. | | 1963 | 14066588 |
| food poisoning in england and wales, 1962. | | 1963 | 14082204 |
| persistence of salmonella typhimurium dt120 in abattoir paddocks holding sheep. | in the summer of 1999 there was an outbreak of salmonella typhimurium dt120 in people in the north of england which was unusual in being sensitive to antimicrobial drugs. the outbreak was linked to mutton and lamb from a local abattoir, and attention focused on four holding paddocks used to retain sheep before slaughter. in november 1999, samples of soil and faeces were taken from these paddocks and samples of faeces were taken from the concrete race leading from them. salmonella typhimurium was ... | 2005 | 16085722 |
| prevalence, incidence and geographical distribution of serovars of salmonella on dairy farms in england and wales. | a study of randomly selected dairy farms in england and wales was made between october 1999 and february 2001 to estimate the prevalence and incidence of salmonella serovars. the farms were enrolled through five milk-buying companies, which represented 63 per cent of the dairy farms in england and wales, and they were sampled on up to four occasions (449 farms at visit 1, 272 farms at visit 2, 251 farms at visit 3 and 243 farms at visit 4). in total, 19,296 samples of pooled faecal pats and slur ... | 2005 | 16311384 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in non-typhoidal salmonella spp. isolated in the uk are now a reality: why the late arrival? | in february 2004, we reported the first recognition of the presence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) in non-typhoidal salmonella spp. in the uk; the beta-lactamase was tem-52. six months later, an shv-derived esbl (shv-12) was detected in a salmonella strain isolated in york and 6 months after that we have just identified ctx-m-type beta-lactamases in scottish isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium and salmonella virchow (unpublished results). a very rec ... | 2005 | 16000403 |
| outbreak of a new salmonella phage type in south west england: alternative epidemiological investigations are needed. | an outbreak of salmonella typhimurium dt193a occurred in south west england in april-may 2003. preliminary investigation suggested an association with the consumption of ham. a matched case-control study was implemented, together with an environmental investigation and a geographic information system (gis) analysis. thirty-seven cases and 38 controls were enrolled in the study. matched analysis was based only on 23 cases, as the other cases did not nominate controls. eighty per cent of cases and ... | 2004 | 15779803 |
| molecular characterisation of an outbreak strain of multiresistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 in the uk. | a major national outbreak of multiresistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium definitive phage type 104 (mr dt104) occurred in england and wales in the summer of 2000. isolates of mr dt104 were characterised by antimicrobial resistance type (r-type), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), plasmid profiling and fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (faflp) analysis. results of r-type, pfge and faflp showed that summer 2000 outbreak-associated isolates were indistinguishable f ... | 2004 | 14759239 |
| salmonella typhi-murium in london pigeons. | | 1964 | 14256434 |
| longitudinal survey of the occurrence of salmonella in pigs and the environment of nucleus breeder and multiplier pig herds in england. | eight pig breeding units previously associated with salmonella typhimurium were visited during a period of up to seven years. samples from voided faeces, surfaces, fomites and wildlife were cultured. certain serovars (derby, stanley, give, bredeney, mbandaka and manhattan) were isolated repeatedly on certain units, while others (agona, ajiobo, heidelberg, meleagridis, muenchen, montevideo, rissen and senftenberg) were detected only once or intermittently. serovars kedougou, newport and typhimuri ... | 2009 | 19946125 |
| a national outbreak of multi-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium definitive phage type (dt) 104 associated with consumption of lettuce. | between 1 august and 15 september 2000, 361 cases of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium definitive phage type (dt) 104, resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides, spectinomycin and tetracycline (r-type acssuspt), were identified in england and wales residents. molecular typing of 258 isolates of s. typhimurium dt104 r-type acssuspt showed that, although isolates were indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, 67% (174/258) were characterized by a par ... | 2003 | 12729184 |
| multiple genetic typing of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium isolates of different phage types (dt104, u302, dt204b, and dt49) from animals and humans in england, wales, and northern ireland. | salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium is a common cause of salmonellosis among humans and animals in england, wales, and northern ireland. phage types dt104 and u302 were the most prevalent types in both livestock and humans in 2001. in addition, salmonella serotype typhimurium dt204b was responsible for a recent international outbreak involving england. a total of 119 isolates from humans (n = 28) and animals or their environment (n = 91), belonging to dt104 (n = 66), u302 (n = 33), dt204b ( ... | 2002 | 12454135 |
| outbreaks of salmonella typhimurium dt204b infection in england and wales and elsewhere in europe. | | 2000 | 11048425 |
| the epidemiology of salmonella typhimurium in cattle: plasmid profile analysis of definitive phage type (dt) 204c. | during the period 1979-1991, salmonella typhimurium dt 204c was the cause of a major epidemic of salmonellosis in calves in the uk. plasmid profile analysis of dt 204c isolates from england and wales commenced in 1986 and isolates from all subsequent incidents were examined by this technique. forty-three different plasmid profile types (ppts) were detected, of which the commonest, designated type e, constituted 44.6-80.2% of the annual incidents during the study period. some ppts, e.g., f and p, ... | 1998 | 9879966 |
| protracted outbreak of salmonella typhimurium definitive phage type 170 food poisoning related to tripe, 'pig bag', and chitterlings. | an outbreak of food poisoning around south yorkshire due to salmonella typhimurium definitive phage type 170 related to eating tripe, 'pig bag', and chitterlings was associated with a common supplier. possible links with other suppliers were considered. twenty-two cases occurred between 11 april 1995 and 7 may 1995. the situation was complicated by the complex distribution network of suppliers and by possible cross contamination in the retail outlets. this complexity created difficulties in the ... | 1998 | 9718834 |
| epidemiological application of differentiating multiresistant salmonella typhimurium dt104 by plasmid profile. | human isolates of multiresistant salmonella typhimurium definitive phage type (dt) 104 in england and wales are currently second in number only to those of s. enteritidis phage type 4. differentiation of strains is essential in epidemiological investigations and the value of one method, plasmid profile typing, has been assessed in a study of 600 isolates of s. typhimurium dt 104 with multiresistant antibiograms (r-types) acssut, acssutcp and acssuttm from humans, food animals, human food, pets, ... | 1996 | 8917991 |
| revival of an old problem: an increase in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium definitive phage type 8 infections in 2010 in england and northern ireland linked to duck eggs. | summarysalmonella enterica serovar typhimurium definitive phage type (dt) 8 is uncommon in humans in the uk. in july 2010, the health protection agency reported an excess isolation rate of pan-susceptible s. typhimurium dt8 in england and northern ireland. by the end of october, this amounted to 81 laboratory-confirmed human cases for all regions of england and northern ireland in 2010, an increase of 26% and 41% on 2009 and 2008, respectively. descriptive epidemiological investigation found a s ... | 2011 | 21470442 |
| a comparison of multiple drug resistance in salmonellas from humans and food animals in england and wales, 1981 and 1990. | for salmonella typhimurium from humans in england and wales, the incidence of multiple resistance more than doubled over the 8-year period 1981-8 and, over the next 2 years, increased by a further 7%. from 1981 to 1988 both resistance and multiple resistance also increased significantly in s. virchow and although multiple resistance did not increase over the next 2 years, the overall incidence of resistance has continued to rise. in 1990 the majority of s. typhimurium from cattle were multiply-r ... | 1993 | 8405147 |
| the problems of tracing a geographically widespread outbreak of salmonellosis from a commonly eaten food: salmonella typhimurium dt193 in north west england and north wales in 1991. | geographically widespread outbreaks involving commonly isolated organisms and where the vehicles of infection are commonly eaten foodstuffs pose particular difficulties at a technical and organizational level. an outbreak of salmonella typhimurium infection, affecting 39 people, spread over a wide area in north west england and north wales in april and may 1991, was detected thanks to the practice of sending specimens to the national reference laboratory where phage typing and characterizing of ... | 1993 | 8270006 |
| bacterial resistance monitoring of salmonellas isolated from animals, national experience of surveillance schemes in the united kingdom. | antimicrobial resistance has been monitored in salmonellas isolated from animals in england and wales since 1970. the current trends are indicated by comparing the results for the years 1981, 1989 and 1990. seventy-six per cent of all salmonella isolations are still sensitive to all 16 antimicrobials used for testing. most antimicrobial resistance is encountered in bovine isolations of salmonella typhimurium especially phage type dt204c. this phage type, which was initially resistant to at least ... | 1993 | 8212515 |
| a case control study of infection with an epidemic strain of multiresistant salmonella typhimurium dt104 in england and wales. | laboratory reports of a multiresistant strain of salmonella typhimurium definitive type (dt) 104 rose in 1993; this led the public health laboratory service to investigate cases and identify possible risk factors for infection. information derived from questionnaires, and details of previous isolations of s. typhimurium dt104 from food and animals, were used to design an unmatched case control study. eighty-three cases whose isolations were of the same plasmid profile type (the 'epidemic strain' ... | 1994 | 7787922 |
| recent trends in human salmonellosis in england and wales: the epidemiology of prevalent serotypes other than salmonella typhimurium. | in the period 1960-70 meat and poultry products caused over 70% of successfully investigated outbreaks of human salmonellosis. the number of human incidents of salmonellosis declined from 1960 to 1966, but then more than doubled between 1966 and 1971. this increase was mainly due to a threefold increase of incidents of salmonella serotypes other than salmonella typhimurium. the serotypes which increased most and contributed significantly to this trend were s. enteritidis, s. panama, s. stanley, ... | 1974 | 4595088 |
| increasing incidence of resistance to gentamicin and related aminoglycosides in salmonella typhimurium phage type 204c in england, wales and scotland. | phage type 204c of salmonella typhimurium (dt 204c) appeared in bovine animals in 1979. it is now the predominant type in cattle in england, wales and scotland and ranks in the 10 most common phage types in humans. all strains of dt 204c have been resistant to at least four antimicrobial drugs. in 1979 and 1980 the most common resistance pattern was that of chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides, tetracyclines and trimethoprim (cssuttm) but since 1981 strains with additional resistance to ... | 1985 | 3904167 |
| isolations of salmonellas from humans and foods in the manchester area: 1981-1985. | isolations of salmonellas from humans and food products are recorded for the period 1981-5 and an attempt has been made to investigate the relationship between serotypes isolated from humans and those from meat products. the predominant serotypes isolated from humans were salmonella typhimurium, s. enteritidis and s. virchow. s. typhimurium was commonly isolated from a range of meat products. s. derby was one of the most common serotypes isolated from tripe and sausages but was relatively uncomm ... | 1987 | 3595746 |
| occurrence and properties of fy(att25)+ escherichia coli associated with diarrhoea in calves. | escherichia coli producing the adhesive antigen fy(att25) were isolated from 46 of 1341 (3.4 per cent) e coli isolated from calves on 20 of 164 (12.1 per cent) farms in scotland and england. twenty of the 46 calves had diarrhoea and in nine of these animals there were mixed infections with rotavirus, coronavirus, cryptosporidium and salmonella typhimurium. the f41 fimbrial adhesin was found on one of the fy(att25)+ e coli. this strain also produced heat stable enterotoxin. the remaining fy(att25 ... | 1987 | 2889286 |
| a national outbreak of salmonella typhimurium dt 124 caused by contaminated salami sticks. | an outbreak of salmonella typhimurium dt 124 infection which affected 101 people in england in december 1987 and january 1988 was detected through surveillance of laboratory reports from medical microbiology laboratories of the nhs and phls. within 1 week of noting the increase in reports, epidemiological and microbiological investigations identified a small german salami stick as the vehicle of infection and the product was withdrawn from sale. the epidemiological investigation highlighted the ... | 1989 | 2680542 |
| zoonoses and other findings in hedgehogs (erinaceus europaeus): a survey of mortality and review of the literature. | a survey of mortality in hedgehogs (erinaceus europaeus) was carried out between july 1976 and november 1986. most were from norfolk. of the 74 examined, 35 (47.3 per cent) were road casualties, one of which yielded salmonella typhimurium phage type (pt) 104. of the remaining 39, 13 (33.3 per cent) had salmonellosis due to s enteritidis pt 11. this organism, which appears to be common and widespread in hedgehogs in england was found in 10 separate incidents. the only other zoonosis was ringworm ... | 1991 | 2035215 |
| salmonella bacteraemia in england and wales, 1981-1990. | to report the incidence of nontyphoidal salmonellas in england and wales and identified in the division of enteric pathogens, london between 1981 and 1990. | 1992 | 1740511 |
| outbreak of food poisoning due to salmonella typhimurium dt4 in mayonnaise. | in july 1989 a large outbreak of food poisoning (68 cases) occurred at a private club in teddington (london borough of richmond-upon-thames). initial enquiries indicated that the peak of the outbreak occurred between 20th and 26th july. an epidemiological investigation (using self-completed questionnaires) was set up to determine the probable source of infection. two groups among those exposed were selected: club staff (129), and cricket teams playing in a club tournament (105). response rates w ... | 1992 | 1603924 |
| clonal distribution of resistance plasmid-carrying salmonella typhimurium, mainly in the middle east. | strains of salmonella typhimurium of predominantly middle eastern origin, but distributed from england to india, were found to carry at least three types of resistance plasmid. the most important was initially identified as an f(i) plasmid by compatibility tests, but differs from the f factor on the one hand and the f(i) factors r162 and colv on the other. the three groups of f(i) plasmids can be distinguished by their compatibility reactions with the mp10 plasmid of s. typhimurium (smith, humph ... | 1977 | 336792 |
| resistance to oxyiminocephalosporins mediated by blatem-52 genes in salmonella typhimurium from humans in england and wales. | the emergence of antimicrobial resistance among salmonella is a matter of great public health concern, more so in the case of extended-spectrum cephalosporins, since these antimicrobials are normally regarded as the drugs of choice for complicated cases of infection. this study was designed to determine the occurrence of resistance mediated by the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbl) enzymes belonging to the tem family. only two isolates were detected after analysis of the 278,30 ... | 2005 | 16366860 |
| characterisation of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium isolates from wild birds in northern england from 2005 - 2006. | several studies have shown that a number of serovars of salmonella enterica may be isolated from wild birds, and it has been suggested that wild birds may play a role in the epidemiology of human and livestock salmonellosis. however, little is known about the relationship between wild bird s. enterica strains and human- and livestock- associated strains in the united kingdom. given the zoonotic potential of salmonellosis, the main aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology o ... | 2008 | 18230128 |
| a re-evaluation of the impact of temperature and climate change on foodborne illness. | the effects of temperature on reported cases of a number of foodborne illnesses in england and wales were investigated. we also explored whether the impact of temperature had changed over time. food poisoning, campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, salmonella typhimurium infections and salmonella enteritidis infections were positively associated (p<0.01) with temperature in the current and previous week. only food poisoning, salmonellosis and s. typhimurium infections were associated with temperatur ... | 2009 | 19371450 |
| salmonella and raw shell eggs: results of a cross-sectional study of contamination rates and egg safety practices in the united kingdom catering sector in 2003. | this study was prompted by epidemiological investigations of the unusual number of salmonella enteritidis outbreaks associated with the use of eggs in catering premises in england and wales during 2002. the aims of the study, performed between april and may 2003, were to establish the rate of salmonella contamination in raw shell eggs from catering premises, investigate any correlation between the origin and type of eggs and the presence of particular serotypes or phage types (pts) of salmonella ... | 2005 | 15726966 |
| drug-resistant salmonella typhimurium dt 120: use of pfge and mlva in a putative international outbreak investigation. | isolates of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium belonging to definitive phage type (dt) 120 (salmonella typhimurium dt 120) from simultaneous outbreaks of infection in the england and denmark have been compared on the basis of antibiogram, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), and multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (mlva). isolates from england had the resistance profile (ampicillin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline), mlva profiles 2-4-4-0-2, 2-4-5-0-2, ... | 2009 | 19432517 |
| emergence and characterization of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium phage type dt191a. | the emergence of a previously undefined phage type of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, designated dt191a, occurred in england and wales in july 2008. the new strain exhibits a number of distinctive phenotypic and genotypic features. this report provides the tools necessary to track s. typhimurium dt191a globally. | 2010 | 20573861 |
| salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis in england: costs to patients, their families, and primary and community health services of the nhs. | this is the first study comparing societal costs of acute illness with salmonella typhimurium (st) and salmonella enteritidis (se) in the uk. it included the cost and severity of the illness and explored the impact of each salmonella serovar on the patients, their families, the nhs, and the wider economy. the study ascertained confirmed cases of st and se between july and november 2008. the mean costs per case were £1282 (st) and £993 (se). the indirect costs associated with the work-time lost b ... | 2011 | 20598211 |
| multi-locus sequence typing of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolates from wild birds in northern england suggests host-adapted strain. | recent studies have suggested that salmonella typhimurium strains associated with mortality in uk garden birds are significantly different from strains that cause disease in humans and livestock and that wild bird strains may be host adapted. however, without further genomic characterization of these strains, it is not possible to determine whether they are host adapted. the aim of this study was to characterize a representative sample of salm. typhimurium strains detected in wild garden birds u ... | 2010 | 20809923 |
| an outbreak of salmonella typhimurium dt191a associated with reptile feeder mice. | summaryin december 2008 an increase of tetracycline-resistant salmonella typhimurium definitive phage-type 191a (dt191a) was identified in england and wales by the reference laboratory. this was confirmed to have a phage-typing pattern that had not previously been seen. strong statistical evidence for an association between illness and keeping reptiles was demonstrated by a matched case-case study (mor 16·82, 95% ci 2·78-∞). questionnaires revealed an association with frozen reptile feeder mice, ... | 2010 | 20943001 |
| epidemiology of salmonellosis in garden birds in england and wales, 1993 to 2003. | salmonellosis has been reported as an important cause of mortality of garden birds in several countries, including norway and scotland. we investigated the frequency of the disease in garden birds submitted for postmortem examination by members of the public in england and wales between 1993 and 2003, inclusive. we found salmonellosis to be the most frequent cause of death due to infectious disease in the garden birds submitted. this disease was confirmed in 7 of the 45 bird species that were ex ... | 2010 | 20945078 |
| a salmonella typhimurium phage type (pt) u320 outbreak in england, 2008: continuation of a trend involving ready-to-eat products. | summaryin march 2008, the health protection agency in england conducted a retrospective case-control study to investigate the cause of 179 cases of the newly recognized, fully antimicrobial-sensitive salmonella typhimurium pt u320. forty-three symptomatic laboratory-confirmed case-patients and 84 asymptomatic location-matched controls were interviewed by telephone about exposures in the 3 days prior to illness or interview. multivariate logistic analysis indicated consumption of pre-packaged egg ... | 2011 | 21255477 |
| salmonella serovars and antimicrobial resistance patterns on a sample of high seroprevalence pig farms in england and wales (2003-2008). | following the introduction of a national abattoir-based monitoring programme for salmonella in pigs, advisory visits were made to pig farms in england and wales with high salmonella seroprevalence assessed by muscle tissue fluid (meat juice) elisa. samples (n = 15 790), including pooled pen floor faeces (n = 12 136), were collected for salmonella culture from 296 farms, between october 2003 and february 2008. salmonella was isolated from 4489 (28%) of all samples collected, including 3301 (27%) ... | 2011 | 21824355 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis supports the presence of host-adapted salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains in the british garden bird population. | salmonellosis is a frequently diagnosed infectious disease of passerine birds in garden habitats within great britain with potential implications for human and domestic animal health. postmortem examinations were performed on 1,477 garden bird carcasses of circa 50 species from england and wales, 1999 to 2007 inclusive. salmonellosis was confirmed in 263 adult birds of 10 passerine species in this 11-year longitudinal study. a subset of 124 fully biotyped salmonella enterica subsp. enterica sero ... | 2011 | 21948838 |
| spatial and temporal patterns in antimicrobial resistance of salmonella typhimurium in cattle in england and wales. | summarysalmonella is the second most commonly reported human foodborne pathogen in england and wales, and antimicrobial-resistant strains of salmonella are an increasing problem in both human and veterinary medicine. in this work we used a generalized linear spatial model to estimate the spatial and temporal patterns of antimicrobial resistance in salmonella typhimurium in england and wales. of the antimicrobials considered we found a common peak in the probability that an s. typhimurium inciden ... | 2012 | 22214772 |
| detection of the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene conferring colistin resistance in human and food isolates of salmonella enterica and escherichia coli in england and wales. | in response to the first report of transmissible colistin resistance mediated by the mcr-1 gene in escherichia coli and klebsiella spp. from animals and humans in china, we sought to determine its presence in enterobacteriaceae isolated in the uk. | 2016 | 27090630 |
| detection and characterization of pct-like plasmid vectors for blactx-m-14 in escherichia coli isolates from humans, turkeys and cattle in england and wales. | to detect and characterize escherichia coli strains and pct-like plasmids implicated in the dissemination of the ctx-m-14 gene in animals and humans, in england and wales. | 2012 | 22514265 |
| genomic analysis of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium from wild passerines in england and wales. | passerine salmonellosis is a well-recognized disease of birds in the order passeriformes, which includes common songbirds such as finches and sparrows, caused by infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. previous research has suggested that some subtypes of s typhimurium-definitive phage types (dts) 40, 56 variant, and 160-are host adapted to passerines and that these birds may represent a reservoir of infection for humans and other animals. here, we have used the whole-genome sequ ... | 2016 | 27613688 |
| prevalence of salmonella enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- in england and wales, 2010. | difficulties in accurately identifying serovar 4,[5],12:i:- as monophasic variants of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium mean there is confusion in the reporting of serovars typhimurium and 4,[5],12:i:-. to gain insight into the prevalence and diversity of these monophasic variants in england and wales, screening for fljb, hin and the serovar 4,[5],12:i:- dt193-associated genomic island was conducted on 609 s. enterica isolates designated as definitive phage type (dt) 193, and 142 isolates ... | 2012 | 22995432 |
| an in-vitro investigation into the efficacy of disinfectants used in the duck industry against salmonella. | in 2010, 81 confirmed cases of salmonella typhimurium dt8 were reported across england and northern ireland - an increase of 26% from 2009 and 41% since 2008. five cases were hospitalized and one death reported, with a strong association found between cases and the consumption of duck eggs. once present on farms, salmonella may become persistent and can survive for long periods of time in residual organic matter, increasing risk of infection for follow-on flocks if cleaning and disinfection is n ... | 2016 | 27207299 |
| outbreak investigation and case-control study: penta-resistant salmonella typhimurium dt104 associated with biltong in london in 2008. | in august 2008 an outbreak of salmonella typhimurium dt104 occurred in south west london. sixteen cases were identified with a particular multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (mlva) pattern. in a matched case-control study 14 primary cases were included. these were defined as individuals with gastrointestinal symptoms and salmonella typhimurium dt104 isolated from a stool specimen, with a characteristic antibiotic resistance profile and mlva pattern, and diagnosed in a local laborat ... | 2013 | 23279856 |
| the occurrence of salmonella spp. in duck eggs on sale at retail or from catering in england. | since 2010, human salmonellosis outbreaks in the uk have been detected as associated with the consumption of duck eggs. little data are available on the rate of occurrence of salmonella in duck eggs. the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of salmonella spp. in duck eggs on sale and from catering in england during 2011, particularly those from small-scale production. all samples were collected independently of human salmonellosis outbreak investigations. composite samples of 6-10 ... | 2016 | 27561893 |
| emergence of a multidrug-resistant (assuttm) strain of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt120 in england in 2011 and the use of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis in supporting outbreak investigations. | in summer 2011, two outbreaks of a unique, multidrug-resistant strain of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium phage type 120 (dt120) occurred mainly in the midlands, england. the first outbreak occurred among guests attending a wedding in july 2011 ('wedding outbreak'), followed by a more geographically dispersed outbreak in august and september 2011 ('midlands outbreak'). fifty-one cases were confirmed. detailed epidemiological and environmental health investigations suggested that pork was ... | 2013 | 23869962 |