| public opinion and the swine flu immunization program. | | 1978 | 647572 |
| a review of some aspects of vitamin e-selenium responsive diseases with a note on their possible incidence in alberta. | | 1976 | 769935 |
| actinobacillus suis infections in alberta swine, 1973--75: pathology and bacteriology. | | 1976 | 974978 |
| listeria monocytogenes isolations in alberta 1951-1970. | | 1972 | 4622759 |
| diphtheria bacilli isolated in alberta in 1967 from the throat, nose, ears and skin. | | 1969 | 4980469 |
| yersinia enterocolitica isolated from throats of swine in eastern and western canada. | examination of the throat flora from swine in ontario for yersinia enterocolitica found the incidence of serotype o:3 to vary from 20% from tonsils to 50% for throat swabs and 55% for tongues. in contrast, there were no isolations of serotype o:3 from throat swabs taken from swine in the western provinces of british columbia and alberta. this incidence of serotype o:3 in swine correlates well with the human incidence of the same serotype which is 81% for all human isolations of y. enterocolitica ... | 1981 | 7332882 |
| genetic variation on chromosome 1 associated with variation in body fat distribution in men. | interindividual variation in fat deposition in swine is determined by loci on porcine chromosome 4, which are contained in a region that is syntenic with part of the long arm of human chromosome 1. we hypothesized that genomic variation of chromosome 1q would be associated with variation in the ratio of waist-to-hip circumference in male north american hutterites, a genetic isolate characterized by significant relatedness and sharing of environmental factors. | 1995 | 7648651 |
| eperythrozoonosis in swine. | | 1994 | 8044763 |
| isolation of circovirus from lesions of pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), an apparently new disease, has been recognized in swine herds in western canada. young pigs with this disease have progressive weight loss, tachypnea, dyspnea, and jaundice, accompanied by interstitial pneumonia, lymphadenopathy, hepatitis, and nephritis. we examined more than 400 pigs from more than 70 herds in alberta, saskatchewan, and manitoba with cases of pmws. a small virus was isolated from a range of tissues from 8 of 8 affected pigs ex ... | 1998 | 9442952 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus antibodies in canadian swine herds and identification of a novel variant of swine hepatitis e virus. | swine hepatitis e virus is a newly identified potentially zoonotic virus from pigs of particular concern for possible direct transmission to a human xenotransplant recipient by organ transplantation. in the present study, prevalence of serum antibodies to hepatitis e virus was examined in canadian swine herds. a total of 998 serum samples collected from 6-month-old healthy slaughter hogs were examined by enzyme immunoassay and western blot analysis for antibodies to the recombinant open reading ... | 2001 | 11687465 |
| prevalence of giardia and cryptosporidium and characterization of cryptosporidium spp. isolated from wildlife, human, and agricultural sources in the north saskatchewan river basin in alberta, canada. | the environmental distribution of giardia spp. and cryptosporidium spp. is dependent upon human, agricultural, and wildlife sources. the significance of each source with regard to the presence of parasites in the environment is unknown. this 2-year study examined parasite prevalence in human sewage influent, wildlife, and agricultural sources associated with the north saskatchewan river basin in alberta, canada. fecal samples were collected from cow-calf, dairy, and hog operations in the watersh ... | 2002 | 12166680 |
| surveillance for porcine proliferative enteropathy in alberta by using routine diagnostic laboratory data. | data from the food safety division, alberta agriculture, food and rural development were analyzed to determine the frequency of diagnosis of porcine proliferative enteropathy (ppe) relative to the diagnosis of other porcine enteric infections between 1993 and 1997. next to colibacillosis, ppe was the most commonly diagnosed enteric disease among those reported. | 2002 | 12170835 |
| a report of decomposition rates of a special burial type in edmonton, alberta from an experimental field study. | regional studies that examine decomposition rates of certain faunal remains can help to determine time since death. forensic anthropologists have long used qualitative decomposition data, but linking these to more quantitative data could improve time since death estimations. experiments were developed in which domestic pigs (sus scrofa) were buried with varying characteristics then excavated and observed over a period of 15 months in edmonton, alberta. data recorded after two weeks, five weeks, ... | 2005 | 15932100 |
| reported antibiotic use in 90 swine farms in alberta. | antibiotic use was described using a convenience sample of 90 alberta swine farms representing approximately 25% of the alberta market swine production. data on the use of antibiotics were collected through an on-farm interview questionnaire. the vast majority of antibiotics were used in feed. the chlortetracycline/sulfamethazine/penicillin combination and tylosin were the most frequently used in-feed antibiotics in weaners and growers/finishers, respectively. the use of antibiotics through wate ... | 2006 | 16734370 |
| seroprevalence of lawsonia intracellularis in different swine populations in 3 provinces in canada. | porcine proliferative enteropathy caused by lawsonia intracellularis is an important enteric disease in swine throughout the world. information regarding the distribution of this pathogen in canadian swine herds would be beneficial for the creation of control protocols. pigs from ontario, quebec, and alberta were tested by using an indirect immunofluorescence assay for antibodies to l. intracellularis. pig seroprevalence was calculated as the proportion of pigs positive from total pigs tested in ... | 2007 | 17310623 |
| antimicrobial use through feed, water, and injection in 20 swine farms in alberta and saskatchewan. | antimicrobial resistance (amr) is an emerging animal welfare and public health issue linked to antimicrobial use (amu) in livestock. this study was conducted in 2004 on 20 swine farms in alberta and saskatchewan. on-farm records and questionnaires were used to retrospectively describe the antimicrobial exposures of pigs through feed, water, and injection. antimicrobial use in all production categories was described over 12 months. on-farm records and questionnaires provided sufficient data to de ... | 2008 | 18505203 |
| antimicrobial resistance of fecal salmonella spp. isolated from all phases of pig production in 20 herds in alberta and saskatchewan. | salmonella spp. (n = 468), isolated from the feces of sows, nursery, and grow-finish pigs in 20 farrow-to-finish herds in alberta and saskatchewan, were tested for susceptibility to 16 antimicrobials. no resistance was identified to amikacin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin or nalidixic acid, and less than 1% of the isolates were resistant to cefoxitin and gentamicin. isolates were most commonly resistant to tetracycline (35%) and sulfamethoxazole (27%). overal ... | 2008 | 18505204 |
| antimicrobial resistance of fecal escherichia coli isolated from grow-finish pigs in 20 herds in alberta and saskatchewan. | escherichia coli (n = 1439), isolated from the feces of apparently healthy grow-finish pigs in 20 herds in alberta and saskatchewan, were tested for susceptibility to 16 antimicrobials. all isolates were susceptible to amikacin, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin and less than 1% was resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, ceftiofur, gentamicin, and nalidixic acid. resistance was most common to tetracycline (66.8%), sulfamethoxazole (46.0%) and streptomycin (33.4%). twenty-one percent o ... | 2008 | 18505205 |
| antimicrobial resistance in generic escherichia coli isolated from swine fecal samples in 90 alberta finishing farms. | the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in generic escherichia coli isolates obtained from 90 alberta finisher swine farms. up to 5 isolates were obtained from each of 269 pooled fecal samples and were classified as susceptible or resistant according to clinical and laboratory standards institute guidelines. of the 1322 isolates, 166 (12.6%) were susceptible to all 15 antimicrobials. no resistance to amikacin, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, or ciprofloxac ... | 2008 | 18505207 |
| comparison of antimicrobial resistance in generic escherichia coil and salmonella spp. cultured from identical fecal samples in finishing swine. | the objectives of this study were to investigate the associations between antimicrobial resistance patterns in generic escherichia coli and salmonella spp. isolates recovered from identical pen pooled fecal samples, and to evaluate potential clustering of multiple isolates of these organisms within identical fecal samples. up to 5 generic e. coli (n = 922 isolates) and salmonella spp. (n = 922 isolates) isolates were obtained from each of 188 pen pooled fecal samples that had been collected from ... | 2008 | 18505208 |
| evaluation of the risks of shedding salmonellae and other potential pathogens by therapy dogs fed raw diets in ontario and alberta. | dogs that participate in animal-assisted interventions (aais), often called 'therapy dogs', commonly interact with humans whose immune systems are not functioning optimally. the advisability of feeding raw meat (including poultry) to these animals remains a highly contentious issue, in spite of increasing evidence that raw meat is frequently contaminated with salmonella. we set out to determine if consuming raw meat influences the risk of therapy dogs shedding salmonella and other pathogens. two ... | 2008 | 18811908 |
| associations between reported on-farm antimicrobial use practices and observed antimicrobial resistance in generic fecal escherichia coli isolated from alberta finishing swine farms. | multilevel random intercept logistic and poisson regression were used to model associations between various antimicrobial use practices and resistance to individual and multiple antimicrobials among generic fecal escherichia coli isolated from alberta finishing swine. in-feed antimicrobial use in finishers was significantly associated with increased risk of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and sulfisoxazole in generic e. coli isolates. chlortetracycline use in grower rati ... | 2009 | 19041147 |
| associations between antimicrobial exposure and resistance in fecal campylobacter spp. from grow-finish pigs on-farm in alberta and saskatchewan, canada. | campylobacter spp. (n = 405), isolated from the feces of apparently healthy grow-finish pigs in 20 herds, were tested for susceptibility to 10 antimicrobials representing seven classes. twelve percent of the isolates were susceptible to all drugs, while 64% were resistant to two or more antimicrobial classes. resistance was most common to clindamycin, azithromycin, and erythromycin (71% each), and 10% of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. an antimicrobial use risk-factor analysis and ... | 2009 | 19343934 |
| post-resuscitation nos inhibition does not improve hemodynamic recovery of hypoxic newborn pigs. | significant improvement in myocardial recovery has been shown previously with interventions to decrease reactive oxygen species after ischemia/hypoxia. we investigated whether co-administration of n-acetylcysteine (nac, a scavenger for reactive oxygen species) and n (g)-monomethyl-l: -arginine (l-nmma, a non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) results in better hemodynamic recovery. | 2009 | 19551371 |
| protocol: transmission and prevention of influenza in hutterites: zoonotic transmission of influenza a: swine & swine workers. | among swine, reassortment of influenza virus genes from birds, pigs, and humans could generate influenza viruses with pandemic potential. humans with acute infection might also be a source of infection for swine production units. this article describes the study design and methods being used to assess influenza a transmission between swine workers and pigs. we hypothesize that transmission of swine influenza viruses to humans, transmission of human influenza viruses to swine, and reassortment of ... | 2009 | 19922661 |
| ammonia emissions from livestock industries in canada: feasibility of abatement strategies. | an updated national ammonia (nh(3)) emissions inventory was employed to study the relationship between nh(3) emissions and livestock industries in canada. emissions from animal agriculture accounted for 322kilotonnes (kt) or 64% of canadian nh(3) emissions in 2002. cattle and swine accounted for the bulk of livestock emissions. the provinces of alberta, ontario, quebec, and saskatchewan accounted for 28.1%, 22.0%, 18.7%, and 13.1% of total livestock emissions, respectively. emissions from ontari ... | 2010 | 20542610 |
| distribution of salmonella serovars in breeding, nursery, and grow-to-finish pigs, and risk factors for shedding in ten farrow-to-finish swine farms in alberta and saskatchewan. | the study objectives were to investigate salmonella prevalence, serovar distribution, and risk factors for shedding in 10 purposively selected farrow-to-finish farms in saskatchewan and alberta. pooled fecal samples from the breeding and grow-finish phases and individual fecal samples from breeding, nursery, and grow-finish pigs were cultured for salmonella; serotyping of isolates was performed. pig and pen characteristics were recorded for each pig and pen sampled.overall, 407/1143 (36%) of sam ... | 2010 | 20592836 |
| molecular subtypes of campylobacter spp., salmonella enterica, and escherichia coli o157:h7 isolated from faecal and surface water samples in the oldman river watershed, alberta, canada. | campylobacter spp., salmonella enterica, and escherichia coli o157:h7 isolated from 898 faecal, 43 sewage, and 342 surface water samples from the oldman river were characterized using bacterial subtyping methods in order to investigate potential sources of contamination of the watershed. among these pathogens, campylobacter spp. were the most frequently isolated from faecal, sewage, and surface water samples (266/895, 11/43, and 91/342, respectively), followed by salmonella (67/898, 8/43, and 29 ... | 2011 | 20971491 |
| canadian integrated program for antimicrobial resistance surveillance (cipars) farm program: results from finisher pig surveillance. | in 2006, the canadian integrated program for antimicrobial resistance surveillance (cipars) farm program was implemented in sentinel grower-finisher swine herds in québec, ontario, manitoba, saskatchewan and alberta. herds were visited 1-3 times annually. faecal samples were collected from pens of close-to-market (ctm) weight (>80 kg) pigs and antimicrobial use (amu) data were collected via questionnaires. samples were cultured for generic escherichia coli and salmonella and tested for antimicro ... | 2010 | 21083820 |
| swine outbreak of pandemic influenza a virus on a canadian research farm supports human-to-swine transmission. | swine outbreaks of pandemic influenza a (ph1n1) suggest human introduction of the virus into herds. this study investigates a ph1n1 outbreak occurring on a swine research farm with 37 humans and 1300 swine in alberta, canada, from 12 june through 4 july 2009. | 2011 | 21148514 |
| genomic analysis of porcine circovirus type-2 isolates in alberta pigs demonstrating clinical porcine circovirus associated disease (pcvad). | nineteen pigs with clinical signs of porcine circovirus associated diseases (pcvad) on 5 alberta pig farms were examined pathologically, including gross pathology, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for porcine circovirus type-2 (pcv-2) and sequence analysis was performed on tissue samples of 12 animals. results showed that new strains of porcine circovirus type-2 genogroup b were present in most pigs that were positive for pcv-2. furthermore, a mixed infec ... | 2010 | 20592846 |
| an investigation into human pandemic influenza virus (h1n1) 2009 on an alberta swine farm. | on may 2, 2009 the canadian food inspection agency notified the world organization for animal health that an emerging novel influenza a virus (pandemic h1n1 2009) had been confirmed on a swine farm in alberta. over a 4-week period pigs in this farrow-to-finish operation were clinically affected by respiratory disease consistent with an influenza a virus infection and the presence of active viral infection was confirmed in all production areas by real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). desp ... | 2009 | 20119537 |
| genetic and pathobiologic characterization of pandemic h1n1 2009 influenza viruses from a naturally infected swine herd. | since its initial identification in mexico and the united states, concerns have been raised that the novel h1n1 influenza virus might cause a pandemic of severity comparable to that of the 1918 pandemic. in late april 2009, viruses phylogenetically related to pandemic h1n1 influenza virus were isolated from an outbreak on a canadian pig farm. this outbreak also had epidemiological links to a suspected human case. experimental infections carried out in pigs using one of the swine isolates from th ... | 2010 | 20015998 |
| associations among antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance of salmonella spp. isolates from 60 alberta finishing swine farms. | the study objectives were to identify potential associations between reported antimicrobial use (amu) practices and antimicrobial resistance (amr) of fecal and environmental salmonella spp. isolates (n = 322 isolates) recovered from 60 alberta finishing swine farms, and to estimate the amount of pen and farm level variation in amr. the amu data were collected through a questionnaire. separate multilevel logistic regression models were built for six antimicrobials with prevalence of resistance >o ... | 2009 | 18991537 |
| farm-level risk factors for the presence of salmonella in 89 alberta swine-finishing barns. | this study investigated potential risk factors for the presence of salmonella on 89 alberta swine-finishing farms with the use of a questionnaire. salmonella status was regressed on each fixed effect in a logistic mixed regression model, with farm as the random effect. eleven variables were significant at the 10% level: farm type, number of square feet per pen, number of pigs per pen, source of feed, ration type, dust control measures, cat presence, reported effective mouse-control measures, tim ... | 2007 | 17955900 |
| salmonella infections in ninety alberta swine finishing farms: serological prevalence, correlation between culture and serology, and risk factors for infection. | the aim of this study was to determine serological prevalence for salmonella in 90 alberta finishing swine farms over a 5-month period; to evaluate the correlation between the detection of salmonella by bacteriological culture and serology; and to identify risk factors for salmonella seroprevalence. participating farms were visited 3 times. a total of 30 blood and 15 fecal samples were collected from finishing pigs on each farm. vetscreen salmonella covalent mix-elisa (svanovir) and conventional ... | 2007 | 17600484 |
| detection of bacteroidales fecal indicators and the zoonotic pathogens e. coli 0157:h7, salmonella, and campylobacter in river water. | bacteroidales host-specific pcr offers a rapid method of diagnosing fecal pollution in water and identifying sources of input. to assess human health risks from exposure to fecal pathogens, however, bacteroidales markers should be detectable when pathogens are present. to determine if bacteroidales general, human-, ruminant-, and swine-specific markers correlate with certain fecal pathogens, we conducted a retrospective study on water samples for which the presence of e. coli o157:h7, salmonella ... | 2007 | 17410775 |
| antibiotic use in swine farms in alberta. | | 2006 | 17217082 |
| occurrence of pathogens in raw and ready-to-eat meat and poultry products collected from the retail marketplace in edmonton, alberta, canada. | a total of 800 meat and poultry products were purchased from the retail marketplace in edmonton, alberta, canada. the products consisted of raw ground beef, chicken legs, pork chops, and ready-to-eat fermented sausage, roast beef, processed turkey breast, chicken wieners, and beef wieners. the samples were analyzed to determine the prevalence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli, salmonella, campylobacter spp., and listeria monocytogenes. shiga toxin-producing e. coli 022: h8 was found in o ... | 2006 | 16995521 |
| a temporal study of salmonella serovars in animals in alberta between 1990 and 2001. | passive laboratory-based surveillance data from alberta agriculture food and rural development were analyzed for common salmonella serovars, prevalences, trends, and for the presence of temporal clusters. there were 1767 isolates between october 1990 and december 2001 comprising 63 different serovars, including 961 isolates from chickens, 418 from cattle, 108 from pigs, 102 from turkeys, and 178 from all other species combined. salmonella typhimurium, heidelberg, hadar, kentucky, and thompson we ... | 2005 | 15971672 |
| antimicrobial resistance of selected salmonella isolates from food animals and food in alberta. | salmonella isolates (n = 209) obtained from food animals and foods in alberta during 1996 through 1999 were tested for sensitivity to 17 antimicrobials. of the 3553 antimicrobial susceptibility tests on salmonella isolates, 11.8% were positive for resistance. these isolates were commonly resistant to tetracycline (35.4%), streptomycin (32.5%), sulfamethoxazole (28.7%), ticarcillin (27.3%), and ampicillin (26.8%). resistance to at least 1 antimicrobial was observed in 112 isolates (53.6%). salmon ... | 2005 | 15825516 |
| longitudinal study of salmonella species in 90 alberta swine finishing farms. | the aim of this study was to determine the farm prevalence of salmonella in 90 alberta finishing swine farms over a 5-month period, to evaluate salmonella distribution in the farm environment and to describe salmonella serovar diversity on these farms. ten veterinary practitioners selected 90 alberta swine farms based on an annual production of > or =2000 market pigs per farm and the willingness of the producers to participate in the study. between may and september 2000, twenty samples were col ... | 2004 | 15607083 |
| antimicrobial resistance of salmonella isolated from finishing swine and the environment of 60 alberta swine farms. | the study objective was to describe and evaluate antimicrobial resistance profiles in salmonella isolated from alberta swine finishing farms. salmonella isolates (n = 322) were obtained from 192 fecal and 84 environmental samples of the 60 salmonella-positive swine finishing farms. isolates were classified susceptible, intermediate or resistant based on nccls guidelines. more than half of the isolates (53.4%) were susceptible to all of the 18 antimicrobials in the testing panel. no resistance wa ... | 2004 | 15564027 |
| winter survival of nuisance fly parasitoids (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) in canada and denmark. | independent studies were performed in canada and in denmark to assess the survival of parasitic wasps (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) wintering in puparia of house fly, musca domestica linnaeus (diptera: muscidae). data in canada were collected for muscidifurax raptorgirault & saunders, m. raptorellus kogan & legner, m. zaraptor kogan & legner, nasonia vitripennis(walker), spalangia cameroni perkins, trichomalopsis sarcophagae (gahan) and urolepis rufipes (ashmead) in three microsites at an outdoor ... | 2004 | 15301698 |
| prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella spp. in surface waters of southern alberta and its relation to manure sources. | the oldman river watershed in southern alberta, canada, is an extensively irrigated region in which intensive agricultural practices have flourished. concern over water quality in the basin has been expressed because of high levels of enteric disease indigenous to the region. to address these concerns, we conducted a 2-year study to estimate the prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella spp. in surface water within the basin. this study is the first of its kind to identify e. coli o1 ... | 2003 | 12897826 |
| characterization of salmonella associated with pig ear dog treats in canada. | in the summer of 1999, the incidence of salmonella enterica serotype infantis infections in alberta rose dramatically. subsequent laboratory and epidemiological investigations established that an outbreak of human disease caused by this organism was occurring across canada and was associated with pet treats for dogs produced from processed pig ears. laboratory investigations using phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) established that isolates of salmonella serotype infantis f ... | 2001 | 11682515 |
| dietary factors and breast cancer risk. | as part of a case-control study in northern alberta, canada, 577 women aged 30-80 with breast cancer diagnosed during 1976-77 and a population-based age-stratified random sample of 826 disease-free female controls were questioned about certain aspects of their diet. computing relative risks (rrs) by tertiles, significant increasing trends were found with more frequent consumption of beef (rrs of 1.0, 2.3, 1.5; test for trends, p less than 0.001), pork (rrs of 1.0, 1.6, 2.2; test for trend, p les ... | 1981 | 7333703 |
| blastomycosis: report of the first case from alberta canada. | the first known case of laboratory confirmed blastomycosis in alberta occurred in 1970. the patient, who is believed never to have left alberta, presented with of headaches, sore neck and impaired intellect. initially, tuberculous or cryptococcal meningitis was suspected, but laboratory findings did not support the diagnosis. a fungus resembling blastomyces dermatitidis was isolated from the venticular cerebrospinal fluid and lung at autopsy. a few yeast cells suggestive of b. dermatitidis were ... | 1982 | 6813742 |
| observations on a swine herd health program. | observations on a swine herd health program are reported. a primary purpose was to show that such programs could provide economic benefits to swine breeders and sources for breeding stock of minimum disease status. the possible influence of diseases of swine, including atrophic rhinitis and virus pneumonia, on both aspects are discussed. the inadequacy of knowledge of diseases of swine, both specifically and generally, is pointed out. veterinary supervision of a swine herd will result in economi ... | 1965 | 4221913 |
| the fate of enterotoxigenic bacteria inoculated onto chinese barbecued foods. | | 1977 | 411566 |
| characterization of h1n1 swine influenza viruses circulating in canadian pigs in 2009. | the 2009 pandemic h1n1 (ph1n1), of apparent swine origin, may have evolved in pigs unnoticed because of insufficient surveillance. consequently, the need for surveillance of influenza viruses circulating in pigs has received added attention. in this study we characterized h1n1 viruses isolated from canadian pigs in 2009. isolates from may 2009 were comprised of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase (na) genes of classical siv origin in combination with the north american triple-reassortant internal ge ... | 2011 | 21697484 |