| brucella cultures typed by the who brucellosis centre at the commonwealth serum laboratories, melbourne. | results of the typing of brucella cultures received at the who brucellosis centre, csl, melbourne, from 1968-1976 are presented. the distribution of the biotypes of cultures recovered throughout australia is shown on a host and state basis and atypical cultures are discussed. cultures identified from australia were br. abortus, biotypes 1, 2 and 4 and strain 19; br. suis, biotype 1 and br. ovis. br. melitensis biotypes 1, 2 and 3 were recorded only as exotic human infections from the mediterrane ... | 1978 | 105700 |
| the longevity of fasciola hepatica metacercariae encysted on herbage. | an experiment was described in which guinea pigs were used as tracer animals in an attempt to assess the longevity of fasciola hepatic metacercariae on pasture at werribee, victoria. the metacercariae had been encysted on both an irrigated and non-irrigated area at various times during 1976. it was determined that, under the conditions of the experiment, metacercariae can survive and remain viable for up to 10 weeks during the winter. it was also determined that longevity during the summer was g ... | 1979 | 444161 |
| the prevalence of sarcosporidiosis in australian meat animals. | the prevalence of sarcocystis infectious in tasmanian sheep, cattle and pigs was assessed during february 1974. serological results indicated that over 90% of sheep and cattle were infected. macroscopic sarcocysts were found in 0.6% of lambs, 8.8% of 2- to 6-tooth (1 to 4 years old) sheep and 66% of full-mouth (4 years and older) sheep. the minimum prevalence in pigs, as determined by microscopic examination of muscle tissues, was 1.4% for animals less than 12 months old and 16.7% for animals ol ... | 1975 | 812465 |
| genetic diversity among australian and new zealand isolates of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. | restriction endonuclease analysis of 16 australian and 4 new zealand isolates of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona showed that they could be divided into 3 genetic groups. most of the isolates closely resembled the serovar kennewicki reference strain, and they all differed from the reference strain of serovar pomona. based on these findings, it is suggested that vaccine manufacturers re-evaluate their choice of serovar pomona vaccine strain. | 1992 | 1632725 |
| streptococcus suis serotypes associated with disease in weaned pigs. | streptococcus suis was recovered from 9 outbreaks of septicaemia and meningitis in weaned pigs between 1979 and 1983. fifteen isolates from 7 outbreaks were identified as s. suis type 9, and 3 isolates from 2 outbreaks as s. suis type 2. three further isolates of s. suis type 2 and an isolate of s. suis type 3 were recovered from cases of bronchopneumonia in weaned pigs from 4 other piggeries. | 1990 | 2222362 |
| review of animal mycoses in australia. | this review covers the available literature on the mycoses of animals in australia since the last review published in 1967. of the cutaneous infections, dermatophytoses have been recorded in a wide range of animals: cattle, horses, goats, pigs, sheep, cats, dogs, mice, guinea-pigs, rabbits, a lion, kangaroos, a camel, koalas and wallabies. these infections were caused by several species and varieties of the genera, microsporum and trichophyton. eight agents of ringworms have been recorded in the ... | 1990 | 2233984 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detecting antibody to rickettsia australis in sera of various animal species. | new endemic areas of spotted fever-like rickettsial disease have been found in south-eastern australia (gippsland, victoria and flinders island, tasmania). the rickettsia responsible is currently unknown although it may be rickettsia australis. to investigate serological evidence of rickettsial exposure in various wild animal species, a competitive elisa was developed which detected antibodies to r. australis. it was based on inhibition of an indirect elisa detecting antibody to r. australis in ... | 1990 | 2292182 |
| isolation and identification of trachoma and inclusion conjunctivitis agents in melbourne, 1966 to 1972. | | 1973 | 4351871 |
| letter: a serological survey of parainfluenza type 3 virus infection in pigs in victoria. | | 1974 | 4362167 |
| the characterisation and pathogenicity of porcine enteroviruses isolated in victoria. | approximately 23 viruses were isolated from healthy pigs, pigs with encephalitis, and in cases of reproductive failure. five viruses were identified as enteroviruses and a total of 10 isolates were shown to cross-react serologically to varying degrees. twenty viruses were neutralised by a reference antiserum of serotype 8 porcine enterovirus. intracerebral inoculaton of colostrum-deprived piglets with 2 of the characterised viruses caused lesions of encephalomyelitis which were not induced by or ... | 1982 | 6289790 |
| isolation of legionella pneumophila from hospital water systems in victoria. | a survey of water symptoms in 12 victorian hospitals was undertaken to establish the prevalence of legionella pneumophila in buildings not known to be associated with cases of legionnaires' disease. samples of hot, cold and shower water were taken, together with water from cooling towers, and isolation was attempted by guinea-pig inoculation. legionella pneumophila was not isolated from any of the hot, cold or shower samples, but six strains were isolated from five of the cooling towers sampled. | 1982 | 7132874 |
| outbreaks of proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy on two pig farms. | clinical signs of proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy (phe) including anaemia, dysentery and sudden death were observed in finisher pigs and young breeding stock on 2 farms. on farm a, phe occurred 12 months after repopulation of the farm. other outbreaks of phe occurred after the withdrawal of therapeutic concentrations of in-feed antibacterial agents (farm a), or after monensin sodium (100 g/t) replaced olaquindox (100 g/t) in feed (farm b). the outbreaks, the possible sources of contaminat ... | 1995 | 8534228 |
| isolation of a thymidine kinase-deficient bovine herpesvirus 2 that still causes disease. | | 1996 | 8894027 |
| comparison of the omp i gene of chlamydia psittaci between isolates in victorian koalas and other animal species. | the objective of this study is to compare the strain of chlamydia causing genital infection in koalas from victoria with isolates from other animal species. | 1997 | 9293340 |
| the 1872 outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in australia--why didn't it become established? | | 1998 | 9612549 |
| prevalence and geographic origin of pigs with serological evidence of infection with leptospira interrogans serovar pomona slaughtered in abattoirs in victoria, australia. | a set of 10,440 sera was collected from pigs slaughtered at victorian abattoirs. these sera were subjected to the microscopic agglutination test for antibodies to leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. identification of the herd of origin was possible for 6511 pigs, and these were derived from 167 herds in victoria (84% of sera), from 32 herds in new south wales (8% of sera) and 29 herds in south australia (8% of sera). the overall prevalence of titres of 512 and above was 3.7%. this was higher ... | 1998 | 9791870 |
| foot-and-mouth disease in australia. | | 1998 | 9862070 |
| in vitro oncosphere-killing assays to determine immunity to the larvae of taenia pisiformis, taenia ovis, taenia saginata, and taenia solium. | taeniid cestodes infect humans and livestock, causing considerable morbidity and mortality, as well as economic loss. substantial progress has been made toward the production of recombinant vaccines against cysticercosis in livestock animals. further development of these vaccines would be aided if a reliable in vitro test were available to measure host-protective immune responses in vaccinated animals. here, we describe in vitro oncosphere-killing assays for the quantification of host-protective ... | 2006 | 16729683 |
| older people's relationships with companion animals: a pilot study. | when older people enter residential care facilities, disruption to social networks may occur, with detrimental effects on health and wellbeing. this article reports on a study undertaken in an aged care facility in melbourne, australia, that explored the potential for a visiting companion animal programme to improve the health and wellbeing of residents and to promote their capacity for building relationships. results back assertions in the literature that companion animals foster relationships ... | 2008 | 18500131 |
| risk factors for gastric ulcers in australian pigs at slaughter. | the stomachs of pigs (n=15,741) originating from 136 herds from the australian states of queensland, western australia, victoria and new south wales were examined at slaughter for the presence of oesophago-gastric ulcers (ogus). stomachs were categorised as being normal, hyperkeratotic, eroded, ulcerated, or having strictures. a questionnaire was distributed to piggery owners to identify factors associated with an above-average herd prevalence of ogu. thirty percent of all pigs examined had ogu ... | 2002 | 11937236 |
| japanese encephalitis in north queensland, australia, 1998. | to describe the circumstances of two cases of japanese encephalitis (je) in north queensland in 1998, including one acquired on the australian mainland. | 1999 | 10397044 |
| phenotypic characterisation of pasteurella multocida isolates from australian pigs. | a phenotypic characterisation of 150 isolates of bacteria previously identified as pasteurella multocida was performed. all the isolates had been obtained from australian pigs in the three eastern states of queensland (110 isolates), new south wales (21 isolates) and victoria (19 isolates). seven different biochemical biovars were recognised amongst the isolates. a total of 100 isolates (67%) were assigned to biovar 3, previously shown to be the most common biovar in isolates of p. multocida fro ... | 1997 | 9444072 |
| evidence for serpulina hyodysenteriae being recombinant, with an epidemic population structure. | the population structure of serpulina hyodysenteriae was investigated using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. a total of 231 isolates were divided into 50 electrophoretic types (ets), with a mean genetic diversity of 0.29 for the number of ets and 0.23 for the number of isolates. subsets of isolates from two australian states (71 isolates from victoria and 68 isolates from queensland) exhibited as much genetic variation as the entire collection. the calculated index of association (ia) for the ... | 1997 | 9353937 |
| spotted fever group rickettsial infection in south-eastern australia: isolation of rickettsiae. | flinders island spotted fever (fisf), a spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsial disease first described in 1991, occurs in south-eastern australia. the isolation of the aetiological agent is described for the first time having been obtained from the blood of two patients. an additional 22 cases are also reported. of these patients four had positive initial serology, and 20 showed seroconversion (using rickettsia australis as antigen). acute phase blood specimens taken from seven patients caused ne ... | 1993 | 8403837 |
| studies of the epidemiology of arthropod-borne virus infections at mitchell river mission, cape york peninsula, north queensland. iv. arbovirus infections of mosquitoes and mammals, 1967-1969. | | 1971 | 4398589 |
| legionella pneumophila and water temperatures in australian hospitals. | thirty-four samples of warm waters from 12 psychiatric centres in victoria and new south wales were examined for legionellae by guinea-pig inoculation. legionella pneumophila was isolated from 20 of the samples collected from ten of the establishments investigated. the detected prevalence proportion of l. pneumophila in waters of temperatures 36 to 43 degrees c was 0.9 (18/20), whereas the prevalence in waters of temperatures 45 to 54.2 degrees c was 0.14 (2/14). the two 'positive' waters within ... | 1985 | 3859262 |
| typing of australian isolates of treponema hyodysenteriae by serology and by dna restriction endonuclease analysis. | a total of 91 isolates of treponema hyodysenteriae which were obtained from 62 piggeries located around australia were typed by serology and by dna restriction endonuclease analysis (rea). the isolates fell into eight serogroups, of which groups b and d were the most common. isolates with different rea patterns were recognised within serogroups, whilst a few isolates with the same rea pattern were placed into different serogroups. some of the latter isolates were either from the same piggery or ... | 1992 | 1626376 |
| Impact of swine influenza and quarantine measures on patients and households during the H1N1/09 pandemic. | Abstract Objectives: To assess the secondary attack rates (SAR) and impact of the 2009 H1N1 epidemic in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, and the measures implemented to control household transmission. Methods: Patients with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza A and pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) were identified from hospital and microbiology laboratory records and asked to take part in a retrospective survey. Information obtained included: the constellation of symptoms, contact history, second ... | 2011 | 22106922 |
| A pharmacist-led intervention for increasing the uptake of Home Medicines Review (HMR) among residents of retirement villages (PHARMER): protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. | The majority of retirement village residents are at risk of medication misadventure. In a recent survey of retirement village residents in Victoria, two-thirds had at least one medication-related risk factor, and hence were eligible to receive a government-subsidised Home Medicines Review (HMR). However, only 6% of eligible residents had received a HMR in the previous 12 months. Reasons for the poor uptake of HMR, and interventions for improving HMR uptake, have been identified and developed wit ... | 2011 | 22040307 |
| lessons learned: end-user assessment of a skills laboratory based training programme for urology trainees. | • to evaluate the benefit of a skills laboratory based training programme to urology resident training by end-user assessment. | 2011 | 21492378 |
| communicating information regarding human h1n1-09 virus to high-risk consumers: knowledge and understanding of copd patients in melbourne, australia. | one of the public health challenges during an influenza pandemic is how to rapidly access groups of high-risk individuals to ensure that they have accurate information regarding prevention and management of infection. the aim of this survey was to evaluate the level of understanding of the h1n1-09 (swine flu) pandemic, amongst a high-risk group of individuals with chronic lung disease. this study was conducted in melbourne, australia towards the end of the 2009 pandemic. | 2010 | 21319468 |
| emergency physician credentialing for resuscitative thoracotomy for trauma. | a low case incidence and variable skill level prompted the development of a credentialing programme and specific surgical training in resuscitative thoracotomy for emergency physicians at the alfred, a level 1 adult victorian major trauma service. | 2010 | 20629696 |
| a pandemic response to a disease of predominantly seasonal intensity. | from the recognition of the swine flu pandemic in late april 2009, health professionals, politicians and the public needed to know how serious pandemic (h1n1) 2009 influenza (swine flu) was in relation to other seasonal strains of influenza. the victorian experience suggests that the circulation of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 influenza in the community was at most like influenza circulation in a season of moderate seasonal activity. we have no estimate of the total case count, but we know most infectio ... | 2010 | 20078407 |
| lessons from the front lines: the prehospital experience of the 2009 novel h1n1 outbreak in victoria, australia. | the h1n1 (swine influenza) 2009 outbreak in victoria, australia, provided a unique opportunity to review the prehospital response to a public health emergency. as part of ambulance victoria's response to the outbreak, relevant emergency response plans and pandemic plans were instigated, focused efforts were aimed at encouraging the use of personal protective equipment (ppe), and additional questions were included in the call-taking script for telephone triage of emergency calls to identify poten ... | 2009 | 19952886 |
| evaluation of the implementation of new traceability and food safety requirements in the pig industry in eastern australia. | to evaluate the implementation and barriers to adoption, among pig producers, of a newly introduced traceability and food safety system in australia. | 2009 | 19796158 |
| australia's influenza containment plan and the swine flu epidemic in victoria. | | 2009 | 19740056 |
| the general practice experience of the swine flu epidemic in victoria--lessons from the front line. | the swine influenza (h1n1 09) outbreak in victoria has provided an excellent opportunity to review the australian health management plan for pandemic influenza (ahmppi) and to assess its performance in practice. general practitioners play a major role in seasonal flu management, and it was expected that the ahmppi would enable gps on the front line to maintain this central role during the swine flu pandemic. the role of front-line gps has been made extremely difficult by deficiencies in implemen ... | 2009 | 19645644 |
| australia's influenza containment plan and the swine flu epidemic in victoria. | what lessons can be learnt from australia's initial response to the outbreak? | 2009 | 19645643 |
| h1n1 swine origin influenza infection in the united states and europe in 2009 may be similar to h1n1 seasonal influenza infection in two australian states in 2007 and 2008. | the population-based impact of infection with swine origin influenza a (h1n1) virus infection was not clear in the early days of the epidemic towards the end of may 2009. australia had seven confirmed cases by 22 may 2009. we aimed to compare available data on swine origin influenza a (h1n1) virus infection overseas with seasonal influenza a (h1n1) virus infection in australia to assist with forward planning. | 2009 | 19627376 |
| an australian case of streptococcus suis toxic shock syndrome associated with occupational exposure to animal carcasses. | streptococcus suis is known to cause sporadic infections in people who have occupational exposure to pigs and pig meat. a large outbreak occurred in china in 2005, where there was 62% mortality among those who developed toxic shock syndrome. despite s. suis being common in pigs, this is the first published report of a human case of s. suis toxic shock syndrome in australia. | 2008 | 18459929 |
| identification of risk factors for sub-optimal housing conditions in australian piggeries: part 4. emission factors and study recommendations. | the internal concentrations and emission rates of ammonia (nh3), total bacteria, respirable endotoxins, and inhalable and respirable particles were monitored in 160 piggery buildings in four states of australia (queensland, victoria, western australia, and south australia) between autumn 1997 and autumn 1999. emissions were calculated for individual buildings as a product of internal concentration and ventilation rate, which were estimated by a carbon dioxide balance method. relative humidity an ... | 2008 | 18376535 |
| identification of risk factors for sub-optimal housing conditions in australian piggeries: part 3. environmental parameters. | between autumn 1997 and autumn 1999, we measured ventilation rates (using a co2 balance method), air temperatures, and relative humidity (using self-contained dataloggers with built-in sensors) in 160 pig housing facilities in queensland, south australia, victoria, and western australia, in each case over a 60 h period. in some buildings, the internal air velocities above the animals were also recorded. while the monitoring instruments were being set up, a detailed questionnaire was used to coll ... | 2008 | 18376534 |
| neosychnocotyle maggiae, n. gen., n. sp. (platyhelminthes: aspidogastrea) from freshwater turtles in northern australia. | neosychnocotyle maggiae, n. gen., n. sp., (aspidogastrea) is described from the pig-nosed turtle, carettochelys insculpta, and reported from the victoria river red-faced turtle, emydura victoriae, all from the daly river, northern territory, australia. neosychnocotyle n. gen. is differentiated from all aspidogastrean genera but one by the absence of a cirrus sac. the similar sychnocotyle also lacks a cirrus sac, but neosychnocotyle n. gen. differs from the former genus by possessing a narrow, ta ... | 2007 | 17539425 |