| the biology and molecular biology of scrapie-like diseases. | the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (tse's) are degenerative diseases of the central nervous system which naturally affect man (creutzfeldt-jakob disease [cjd], gerstmann-sträussler syndrome [gss], kuru), sheep and goats (scrapie), cattle (bovine spongiform encephalopathy [bse]), mink (transmissible mink encephalopathy), mule deer, elk and antelope (chronic wasting disease). spongiform encephalopathies have also been diagnosed in captive species of zoo antelope and in domestic cats. mu ... | 1993 | 8219804 |
| experimental validation of a microcracking-based toughening mechanism for cortical bone. | it has been proposed that cortical bone derives its toughness by forming microcracks during the process of crack propagation (j. biomech. 30 (1997) 763; j. biomech. 33 (2000) 1169). the purpose of this study was to experimentally validate the previously proposed microcrack-based toughening mechanism in cortical bone. crack initiation and propagation tests were conducted on cortical bone compact tension specimens obtained from the antlers of red deer. for these tests, the main fracture crack was ... | 2003 | 12485646 |
| mechanistic aspects of the fracture toughness of elk antler bone. | bone is an adaptive material that is designed for different functional requirements; indeed, bones have a variety of properties depending on their role in the body. to understand the mechanical response of bone requires the elucidation of its structure-function relationships. here, we examine the fracture toughness of compact bone of elk antler, which is an extremely fast-growing primary bone designed for a totally different function than human (secondary) bone. we find that antler in the transv ... | 2010 | 19941980 |