| ecologic studies of venezuelan encephalitis virus and isolations of nepuyo and patois viruses during 1968-1973 at a marsh habitat near the epicenter of the 1969 outbreak in guatemala. | ecologic studies of venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus at a marsh habitat near the epicenter of the 1969 outbreak in guatemala revealed that the virus was enzootic there. ve virus was isolated yearly during 1968-1973 from sentinel hamsters exposed during the rainy seasons and from mosquitoes collected during july and august 1970. hamsters yielded 41 strains of ve virus and virus was detected within 2 km of the edge of the marsh, in its interior, and at its western extreme 18 km from the central ... | 1976 | 3981 |
| studies of possible movement of venezuelan encephalitis virus from an enzootic focus in guatemala during 1971-1974. | during the wet seasons of 1972 and possibly 1971, sentinel horses became infected by venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus in a temporally and geographically progressive manner inland from an enzootic marsh focus of virus on the pacific couast of southeastern guatemala. during the wet seasons of 1972 and 1973, ve virus was detected by sentinel horses (and a sentinel hamster in 1972) in a small woods 10 km north of the marsh, but virus was undetectable there during the dry seasons of 1973 and 1974 a ... | 1976 | 3982 |
| search for epizootic-like venezuelan encephalitis virus at enzootic habitats in guatemala during 1969-1971. | seventy-four strains of venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus recovered from sentinel hamsters or mosquitoes at enzootic habitats in guatemala in the two years following the 1969 epidemic-equine epizootic were examined for ability to produce small plaques in vero african green monkey kidney cell cultures, like isolates obtained during the epizootic. (a) one strain recovered from a sentinel hamster in late october 1969 at an enzootic habitat near the epicenter of the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) ... | 1976 | 7138 |
| search for persistent epizootic venezuelan encephalitis virus in guatemala, el salvador and nicaragua during 1970-1975. | evidence was sought during 1970-1975 of persistence of equine-virulent venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus in regions of central america that were heavily involved in the epidemic-equine epizootic of 1969. (a) four sentinel horses were exposed in an arid, upland region of the atlantic drainage of guatemala during august-october 1970, but no horse became infected. (b) the epicenter region of the 1969 outbreak, in southwestern guatemala and southwestern el salvador, was studied during july 1970-feb ... | 1976 | 7139 |
| further studies on the relative importance of guatemalan blackfly species as vectors of onchocerca volvulus. | | 1979 | 442198 |
| further observations on infections of guinea pigs with venezuelan encephalitis virus strains. | guinea pigs from a guatemalan colony died after subcutaneous inoculating of moderately small doses of equine-benign strains of venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus of hemagglutination-inhibition subtype i-e from enzootic habitats in mexico and guatemala. thus these guinea pigs were unlike english short hair and inbred 13 guinea pigs, which usually survive infections with equine-benign ve strains of subtype i-e. we therefore caution others that not all strains of guinea pigs can be used to evaluate ... | 1979 | 464194 |
| venezuelan encephalitis virus infection in neotropical bats. i. natural infection in a guatemalan enzootic focus. | a serological survey of 939 neotropical bats of 22 species from an enzootic focus of venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus on the pacific lowlands of guatemala during 1971--1975 revealed ve virus specific antibodies in seven species, three belonging to the genus artibeus. ve virus was isolated from the blood of one uroderma bilobatum. antibody frequency was considerably lower in bats than in terrestrial mammals, and tended to vary within any given species from locality to locality and from year to ... | 1978 | 646021 |
| mesenteronal infection threshold of an epizootic strain of venezuelan encephalitis virus in culex (melanoconion) taeniopus mosquitoes and its implication to the apparent disappearance of this virus strain from an enzootic habitat in guatemala. | culex (melanoconion) taeniopus is a vector of venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus at a marsh focus in guatemala and has low mesenteronal thresholds for infection by and transmission of two enzootic strains of ve virus. in contrast, samples of natural populations and subsequent f2 and f4 generations of these mosquitoes have a high mesenteronal threshold for infection by an epizootic ve strain isolated at the same marsh during the end of the 1969 ve epidemic-equine epizootic. the resistance of cu. ... | 1982 | 7125055 |
| serologic survey of neotropical bats in guatemala for virus antibodies. | neotropical bats were collected from different life zones in guatemala in 1983 and 1984 to determine the presence and distribution of antibody against 10 viruses. bats were collected with mist nets at 13 sites in eight departments and 332 serum specimens were obtained for testing for neutralizing (n) antibody by the plaque-reduction neutralization test. eighty-seven (26%) of the 332 bats from 16 (38%) of 42 bat species sampled were serologically positive for five of six arboviruses and for two o ... | 1995 | 7563415 |
| west nile virus in horses, guatemala. | | 2006 | 16752479 |
| bovine and equine onchocerciasis in guatemala, especially in san vicente pacaya. | | 1981 | 7241286 |
| observations of equines, humans and domestic and wild vertebrates during the 1969 equine epizootic and epidemic of venezuelan encephalitis in guatemala. | | 1972 | 5062308 |
| the involvement of dogs in endemic cycles of venezuelan encephalitis virus. | | 1973 | 4743343 |
| discovery and geographic distribution of venezuelan encephalitis virus in guatemala, honduras, and british honduras during 1965-68, and its possible movement to central america and méxico. | | 1970 | 4393224 |
| ecologic observations of venezuelan encephalitis virus in vertebrates and isolations of nepuyo and patois viruses from sentinel hamsters at pacific and atlantic habitats in guatemala, 1968-1980. | la avellana and puerto barrios, two enzootic foci of venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus on the pacific and caribbean lowlands (respectively) of guatemala have been studied over a 13-year period. data from sentinel hamsters and guinea pigs and wild and domestic vertebrates are reported. ve virus strains were isolated from hamsters each period they were exposed during the rainy seasons 1968-1980 and at the end of the dry season 1974. rates of isolation of ve virus ranged from 0.2%-5.7% hamster/day ... | 1985 | 4025694 |
| vector incompetency: its implication in the disappearance of epizootic venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus from middle america. | | 1986 | 3950927 |
| laboratory vector competence of culex (melanoconion) cedecei for sympatric and allopatric venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis viruses. | laboratory vector competence of culex (melanoconion) cedecei was examined for venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (vee) viruses. colonized adult female mosquitoes originating from a southern florida population were given bloodmeals from viremic hamsters circulating various titers of 3 hemagglutination inhibition (hi) subtypes of vee viruses. following extrinsic incubation of about 3 weeks, mosquitoes were allowed to refeed on uninfected hamsters for transmission trials. cx. cedecei was highly ef ... | 1986 | 3706626 |
| entomological studies at an enzootic venezuelan equine encephalitis virus focus in guatemala, 1977-1980. | the ecology of several potential mosquito vectors of venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) alphavirus was studied in an enzootic focus of that virus on the pacific coast of guatemala over a four-year period. four species-culex taeniopus, mansonia titillans, culex nigripalpus and aedes taeniorhynchus-were most prevalent during the wet season when transmission normally occurs. however, only cx. taeniopus yielded vee virus. the bloodfeeding patterns of these species revealed that ae. taeniorhynchus ... | 1986 | 2873752 |
| serologic surveys for antibodies to western, eastern, california, and st. louis encephalitis and dengue 3 arboviruses in middle america, 1961-1975. | | 1977 | 922235 |
| health concerns of migrant backstretch workers at horse racetracks. | backstretch workers are part of an itinerant labor community that cares for horses at racetracks across the u.s. since the 1970s, this workforce has increasingly been composed of migrants, especially from mexico and guatemala. no studies have focused systematic attention on health concerns of this population and how illness is influenced by unique working and living conditions. | 2010 | 20453352 |
| ticks and tick-borne disease in guatemalan cattle and horses. | blood samples and ticks were collected from 48 cattle and 74 horses from seven sites in the peten region of guatemala. data on body condition, mucous membrane capillary refill time and tick infestation levels were recorded for each animal in the study. horses had significantly higher levels of tick infestation than cattle, as well as poorer body condition scores. seroprevalence of babesia spp. was 95.8% for b. bovis in cattle, 89.6% for b. bigemina in cattle, and 92.7% for b. equi in horses. ser ... | 2005 | 15936147 |