| concentration of mercury in animal products and soils of north dakota. | total mercury (hg) was determined in milk, eggs, beef, pork, human head hair, soil and water obtained from four geographical areas of north dakota. the sampling areas were selected on the basis of differences in prevalent agricultural practices, climate and topography. statewide average hg concentrations in ppb were milk, 0.8; eggs, 12; beef muscle, 5; beef liver, 10; pork muscle, 11; pork liver, 15; head hair, 1708; soil, 30; rainwater and well water, less than one. there were no significant di ... | 1975 | 1190840 |
| foodborne outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by escherichia coli o157:h7--north dakota, 1990. | in late july and early august 1990, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred among persons who had eaten a meal while attending an agricultural threshing show in north dakota on july 28-29. at least 70 (3.5%) of the more than 2000 attendees were affected; of these, 16 persons were hospitalized, and two children, aged 2 and 8 years, were diagnosed with hemolytic uremic syndrome. an epidemiologic investigation was conducted by the north dakota state department of health and consolidated laboratorie ... | 1991 | 1901621 |
| losses in young calves after transportation. | | 1974 | 4425943 |
| infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) abortion observations on incidence in vaccinated and non-vaccinated and exposed cattle. | | 1973 | 4592995 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in domestic animals of north dakota. | | 1969 | 5351687 |
| a survey of domestic animals to detect serological responses against legionella spp. by indirect fluorescent antibody. | one hundred ninety-six (196) animal sera were examined for antibodies against heat-killed antigens of legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 to 5, l. bozemanii, l. dumoffii, l. gormanii and l. micdadei by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. only two animals (1%), both sheep, reacted against l. pneumophila serogroups at a titer of 256. however, 29% of the horses and 24% of the sheep tested were reactive to at least one non-l. pneumophila legionella spp. antigen at a titer of 256. at a titer ... | 1983 | 6357411 |
| use of epidemiologic principles to identify risk factors associated with the development of diarrhea in calves in five beef herds. | the objective of the study reported here was to identify and measure risk factors associated with the incidence of diarrhea in calves in 5 beef herds in north dakota. risk factors associated with calves developing diarrhea during the 1992 calving season were used to develop the following intervention strategies that were implemented during 1993: heifers calved in a separate location, diarrheal calves and their dams were placed in a quarantine area, and pregnant cattle were fed a diet supplemente ... | 1995 | 7591931 |
| influence of yeast culture supplementation and advancing season on steers grazing mixed-grass prairie in the northern great plains: i. dietary composition, intake, and in situ nutrient disappearance. | twelve beef steers (368 +/- 25.3 kg) and four beef heifers (559 +/- 79.5 kg) fitted with ruminal cannulas were used to evaluate effects of yeast culture (yc) and advancing season on dietary chemical composition, intake, and in situ cp and ndf degradation. treatments were control and yc supplementation (28.4 g.steer-1.d-1 dosed ruminally). steers grazed from late june to early november 1991 on mixed-grass prairie. experimental periods consisted of 10 d for adaptation and a 13-d collection phase. ... | 1994 | 7982846 |
| influence of yeast culture supplementation and advancing season on steers grazing mixed-grass prairie in the northern great plains: ii. ruminal fermentation, site of digestion, and microbial efficiency. | twelve ruminally and duodenally cannulated beef steers (initial bw 368 +/- 25.3 kg) and four ruminally cannulated beef heifers (initial bw 559 +/- 79.5 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of yeast culture (yc) and advancing season on ruminal fermentation, microbial protein synthesis, ruminal fluid kinetics, and site of digestion. treatments were control and yc supplementation (28.4 g.steer-1.d-1 dosed ruminally). steers grazed from late june to early november 1991 on mixed-grass prairie. rumin ... | 1994 | 7982847 |
| culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) associated with white-tailed deer habitat and livestock operations in the northern great plains. | twelve culicoides species were collected from white-tailed deer habitat and cattle operations in the northern great plains as part of an ongoing study of the geographical distribution and seasonal occurrence of c. variipennis and other species in north dakota. c. variipennis, c. obsoletus, and c. stellifer were collected in both western and eastern counties. c. arboricola, c. hinmani, c. nanus, and c. palmerae are reported for the first time from north dakota. | 1993 | 8510124 |
| efficacy of a 1% lambdacyhalothrin cattle pour-on (saber) against sucking and biting lice infesting beef cattle. | four studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of a 1% lambdacyhalothrin pour-on (saber pour-on, schering-plough animal health) for control of sucking lice (linognathus vituli, haematopinus eurysternus, solenopotes capillatus) and biting lice (damalinia bovis) on beef cattle. seventy-four mixed-breed cattle naturally infested with one or more species of lice at locations in wisconsin, nebraska, oklahoma, and north dakota were included in the study. pretreatment lice samples were taken and ... | 2002 | 12584675 |
| risk factors associated with herd-level exposure of cattle in nebraska, north dakota, and south dakota to bluetongue virus. | to evaluate herd-level risk factors for seropositive status of cattle to 1 or more bluetongue viruses. | 2005 | 15934613 |
| evaluation of salmonella occurrence in domestic animals and humans in north dakota (2000-2005). | to evaluate the occurrence, serotypes, and antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonellae from domestic animals and humans in north dakota. | 2007 | 18041964 |
| risk factors associated with anthrax outbreak in animals in north dakota, 2005: a retrospective case-control study. | we identified the risk factors associated with the anthrax outbreak of 2005 in animals in north dakota. | 2008 | 19006977 |
| antimicrobial drug resistance and molecular characterization of salmonella isolated from domestic animals, humans, and meat products. | 1) to characterize and determine genotypic relatedness of salmonella serovars commonly isolated from domestic animals and humans in north dakota, and 2) to assess their role in transferring antimicrobial resistance (amr) to humans. | 2009 | 19341316 |
| surveys for disease agents in introduced elk in arkansas and kentucky. | surveys for disease agents were conducted in introduced free-ranging elk (cervus elaphus nelsoni) in arkansas and kentucky. elk had been captured in colorado and nebraska and released in arkansas during 1981-1985. from 1997 through 2002 elk were captured in arizona, kansas, north dakota, new mexico, oregon, and utah and released in southeastern kentucky. specimens were collected from 170 hunter-killed elk in arkansas during 1998-2006, and 44 elk in kentucky during 2001-2004. significant findings ... | 2010 | 20090032 |
| distribution of culicoides sonorensis (diptera: ceratopogonidae) in nebraska, south dakota, and north dakota: clarifying the epidemiology of bluetongue disease in the northern great plains region of the united states. | the presence or absence of the biting midge culicoides sonorensis wirth & jones (diptera: ceratopogonidae), a primary vector of bluetongue viruses (genus orbivirus, family reoviridae, btv) in north america, was assessed on ranches and farms across the northern great plains region of the united states, specifically nebraska, south dakota, and north dakota, as part of a 2-yr regional study of btv exposure among cattle. blacklight/suction trap samples totaling 280 2-night intervals were taken at 14 ... | 2011 | 21661325 |
| influence of advancing season on dietary composition, intake, site of digestion, and microbial efficiency in beef steers grazing a native range in western north dakota. | four ruminally and duodenally cannulated beef steers (388 +/- 12 kg) were used to evaluate effects of advancing season on forage quality, intake, site of digestion, and microbial efficiency while grazing mixed-grass prairie in western north dakota. five 11-d sample collections were conducted from late june to mid-november. chromic oxide (8 g) was dosed twice daily at 0700 and 1900 h via gelatin capsule from d 2 to 11 of each collection period, and duodenal and fecal collections were performed on ... | 2009 | 18791151 |
| molecular and immunohistochemical detection of assemblage e, giardia duodenalis in scouring north dakota calves. | despite many reports on the shedding of giardia parasites by scouring calves, the role of giardia as a cause of calf diarrhea is still controversial. to elucidate the role of giardia duodenalis in calf scours, diagnostic samples from 189 scouring calves were tested by different assays during a 1-year-study period. giardia antigens were detected in 22/189 scouring calves by a fecal-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and 10 of these were positive for assemblage e, g. duodenalis by polymerase ... | 2008 | 18774646 |
| high prevalence of cryptosporidium bovis and the deer-like genotype in calves compared to mature cows in beef cow-calf operations. | recent studies have identified the novel, host adapted cryptosporidium bovis and the deer-like genotype in dairy cattle from farms in the united states, china, india and europe. this novel species and genotype appear to be more prevalent in older, post-weaned dairy cattle than previously thought. however, little information is available on their prevalence in beef cow-calf operations. in the present study, we determined the prevalence of cryptosporidium species in 98 calves (6-8 months old) and ... | 2008 | 18063483 |
| a longitudinal study of salmonella shedding and antimicrobial resistance patterns in north dakota feedlot cattle. | salmonella is one of the most frequent causes of foodborne illness worldwide, and transmission involves foods of animal origin such as beef. the objective of this study was to monitor the prevalence of salmonella fecal shedding in feedlot cattle during the finishing period and to assess the antimicrobial resistance patterns of the isolated salmonellae. on arrival at the feedlot, 1 (0.7%) of the 144 steers was shedding salmonella in its feces. after 28 days on feed, shedding was detected in 8 (5. ... | 2007 | 17340886 |
| effects of season and inclusion of corn distillers dried grains with solubles in creep feed on intake, microbial protein synthesis and efficiency, ruminal fermentation, digestion, and performance of nursing calves grazing native range in southeastern north dakota. | nine ruminally and duodenally cannulated (145 +/- 21 kg of initial bw; exp. 1) and sixteen intact (181 +/- 36 kg of initial bw; exp. 2), commercial, angus, nursing, steer calves were used to evaluate the effects of advancing season and corn distillers dried grains with solubles in creep feed on intake, digestion, microbial efficiency, ruminal fermentation, and performance while grazing native rangeland. calves were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: a supplement containing 41% soybean meal, 26.25% w ... | 2006 | 16864882 |
| fecal shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7 in north dakota feedlot cattle in the fall and spring. | cattle are an important reservoir of escherichia coli o157:h7, which can lead to contamination of food and water, and subsequent human disease. e. coli o157:h7 shedding in cattle has been reported as seasonal, with more animals shedding during summer and early fall than during winter. north dakota has relatively cold weather, especially in winter and early spring, compared with many other regions of the united states. the objective was to assess fecal shedding of e. coli o157:h7 in north dakota ... | 2006 | 16715819 |
| effect of creep feed supplementation and season on intake, microbial protein synthesis and efficiency, ruminal fermentation, digestion, and performance in nursing calves grazing native range in southeastern north dakota. | nine ruminally and duodenally cannulated (172 +/- 23 kg of initial bw; exp. 1) and 16 intact (153 +/- 28 kg of initial bw; exp. 2) crossbred nursing steer calves were used to evaluate the effects of creep feed supplementation and advancing season on intake, digestion, microbial efficiency, ruminal fermentation, and performance while grazing native rangeland. treatments in both experiments were no supplement or supplement fed at 0.45% of bw (dm basis) daily. supplement consisted of 55% wheat midd ... | 2006 | 16424270 |
| effect of field pea-based creep feed on intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and performance by nursing calves grazing native range in western north dakota. | two experiments evaluated digestive and performance effects of field pea-based creep feed in nursing calf diets. in exp.1, eight nursing steer calves (145 +/- 27 kg initial bw) with ruminal cannulas were used to evaluate effects of supplementation and advancing season on dietary composition, intake, digestion, and ruminal fermentation characteristics. treatments were unsupplemented control (con) and field pea-based creep (sup; 19.1% cp, dm basis) fed at 0.45% bw (dm basis) daily. calves grazed n ... | 2004 | 15537780 |
| self-limiting supplements fed to cattle grazing native mixed-grass prairie in the northern great plains. | objectives of this research were to compare animal performance with or without supplementation, compare effectiveness of three intake limiters, and to examine seasonal changes in nutritive value of native range in south-central north dakota. treatments included 1) control (cont; no supplement); 2) hand-fed (hf) supplement, with no chemical limiter; 3) 16% salt (nacl); 4) 5.25% ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate (as); and 5) 7% calcium hydroxide (caoh). supplements were based on wheat middlin ... | 2004 | 14753374 |
| effects of supplementation on intake and growth of nursing calves grazing native range in southeastern north dakota. | a 2-yr study was conducted to determine the first limiting nutrient for gain in nursing calves grazing native range in southeastern north dakota. thirty-two calves (20 steers, 12 heifers) in trial 1 (169 +/- 5 kg initial bw) and 31 (16 steers, 15 heifers) in trial 2 (214 +/- 5 kg initial bw) grazed common pastures. calves were blocked by sex and stratified by weight. calves were stratified by age of dam in trial 1 and by pretrial milk intake (mi) in trial 2. treatments were nonsupplemented contr ... | 2002 | 12413095 |
| serologic survey of cattle in the northeastern and north central united states, virginia, alaska, and hawaii for antibodies to cache valley and antigenically related viruses (bunyamwera serogroup virus). | bovine sera from northeastern states (connecticut, delaware, maine, maryland, massachusetts, new york, pennsylvania, vermont, and west virginia), north central states (indiana, illinois, iowa, kentucky, michigan, minnesota, north dakota, ohio, south dakota, and wisconsin), virginia, alaska, and hawaii were examined for the presence of neutralizing antibodies to cache valley (cv), lokern (lk), main drain (md), northway (nw), and tensaw (ts) viruses. microneutralization tests were performed using ... | 2002 | 12363055 |
| areas with high concentrations of selenium in the soil and forage produce beef with enhanced concentrations of selenium. | beef provides a significant portion of human dietary selenium (se), and it is possible that modest portions of beef produced in areas with high-se soil and forage could provide the entire recommended dietary allowance (rda) for se. the present study has addressed the environmental conditions that resulted in the production of high-se beef. one hundred and thirty-eight cull cows were obtained from 21 ranches in five distinct geographic regions that, on the basis of soil parent material, reports o ... | 2001 | 11262072 |
| results of a nationwide survey to determine feedstuffs fed to lactating dairy cows. | a nationwide survey to determine feedstuffs used in the diets of dairy cows was conducted. this survey was mailed to dairy nutritionists at universities in each state to describe the use of 144 feedstuffs. twenty-eight states responded and were grouped by region as follows: northeast (maine, maryland, new hampshire, new york, ohio, vermont, and west virginia), northwest (idaho, oregon, and washington), midwest (iowa, illinois, michigan, minnesota, missouri, nebraska, north dakota, south dakota, ... | 1999 | 10068966 |
| influence of season on dietary composition, intake, and digestion by beef steers grazing mixed-grass prairie in the northern great plains. | we used six beef steers (377 +/- 12.7 kg) to evaluate the effect of advancing season on dietary composition, forage intake, and digestion. six 10-d sample collections were conducted from mid-june to mid-december 1995. diet quality data demonstrated a linear (p < .01) decline in cp and in vitro om digestibility (ivomd), whereas ndf, adf, acid detergent-insoluble cp (adicp; percentage of cp), and undegradable intake protein (uip; percentage of cp) increased linearly (p < .01) with advancing season ... | 1998 | 9655589 |
| detection and characterization of salmonella typhimurium from a dairy herd in north dakota. | nasal secretions, faecal samples and buffy coats were obtained from 102 cattle from a north dakota dairy herd with a history of calf scours. treated buffy coats, faecal samples and nasal secretions were inoculated into tetrathionate broth (tb), incubated at 37 degrees c overnight, and plated onto brilliant green agar medium with novobiocin (bgan). the tb was left at room temperature for 5 days and then used to inoculate fresh tb. the fresh tb was incubated at 37 degrees c over night and plated o ... | 1995 | 7762138 |
| identification and characterization of bahia grande, reed ranch and muir springs viruses, related members of the family rhabdoviridae with widespread distribution in the united states. | sixteen virus isolates with similar biological characteristics were obtained from salt-marsh mosquitoes collected in south texas in 1974. when compared antigenically, these and 13 other isolates from mosquitoes collected between 1972 and 1979 in west texas, new mexico, louisiana, colorado and north dakota were shown to be related but not identical. three distinct serotypes were determined: bahia grande (prototype strain tb4-1054), reed ranch (tb4-222) and muir springs (76v-23524). when examined ... | 1986 | 2872270 |
| rabies surveillance in the united states during 1990. | in 1990, the united states and its territories reported 4,881 cases of rabies in animals to the centers for disease control, a 1.5% increase from 1989. of these, 553 were domestic animals, 4,327 were wild animals, and one was a human being. pennsylvania reported the highest number (611) of rabies cases in animals in 1990. for the first time since surveillance of rabies in wild animals was begun in the 1950s, the number of cases of rabies in raccoons exceeded that in skunks. particularly large in ... | 1992 | 1577642 |
| bovine hydrocephalus in north dakota: a survey and morphologic study. | a survey of hydrocephalus in cattle in north dakota in 1975 and 1976 included 26 proven cases falling into categories comparable to that seen in the human situation. the largest group was hydrocephalus secondary to aqueductal stenosis with the second largest group being hydranencephaly. other groups included the dandy-walker malformation, porencephaly and a miscellaneous group having a variety of central nervous system malformations. all cases were sporadic with no evidence to suggest a genetic ... | 1977 | 847630 |
| the effect of flaxseed supplementation on growth, carcass characteristics, fatty acid profile, retail shelf life, and sensory characteristics of beef from steers finished on grasslands of the northern great plains. | the objective of this trial was to determine if daily supplementation of flaxseed for 85 d to steers finished on grasslands of the northern great plains would influence growth and carcass characteristics or fatty acid profile, tenderness, and sensory characteristics of beef steaks. eighteen angus yearling steers (initial bw 399 ± 21 kg) were randomly divided into three groups. treatment 1 steers (flax; n = 6) received a daily supplement of ground flaxseed (0.20% of body weight) while treatment 2 ... | 2011 | 21478446 |
| mycoplasma bovis outbreak in a herd of north american bison (bison bison). | a disease outbreak of high morbidity and high mortality in bison (bison bison) was investigated. clinical signs included lameness, swollen joints, respiratory distress, and lethargy. fifty-three of 194 animals died. cows between 5 and 10 years of age were the most affected group, in which 40 of 88 animals died. necropsies were performed on several animals. there were abscesses in the lung and liver, as well as fibrinosuppurative pleuritis, polyarthritis, and disseminated microabscesses in variou ... | 2010 | 20807947 |
| influence of advancing season on dietary composition, intake, site of digestion, and microbial efficiency in beef steers grazing season-long or twice-over rotation native range pastures in western north dakota. | eight ruminally and duodenally cannulated beef steers (374 +/- 11 kg) were used to evaluate effects of advancing season and grazing treatment (season-long; sl or twice-over rotation; tor) on dietary composition (exp. 1 and 2), intake, site and extent of digestion, and microbial efficiency (exp. 2) of native range. in exp. 1, six 11-d sample collections were conducted from early june to mid-november 2000 and 2001. in vitro om disappearance decreased (p < or = 0.04) for both years and both treatme ... | 2010 | 20418453 |
| species of cryptosporidium detected in weaned cattle on cow-calf operations in the united states. | to determine the species and distribution of cryptosporidium in weaned beef calves in the united states, fecal specimens were collected from 819 cattle between 6 and 18 months of age from 49 operations in 20 states (alabama, california, colorado, georgia, idaho, iowa, kansas, louisiana, mississippi, missouri, nebraska, new mexico, north dakota, oklahoma, oregon, south dakota, tennessee, texas, virginia, and wyoming). fresh feces, collected either from the ground or directly from the rectum of ea ... | 2010 | 20338690 |