| factors associated with pastoral community knowledge and occurrence of mycobacterial infections in human-animal interface areas of nakasongola and mubende districts, uganda. | nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) are emerging opportunistic pathogens whose role in human and animal disease is increasingly being recognized. major concerns are their role as opportunistic pathogens in hiv/aids infections. the role of open natural water sources as source and livestock/wildlife as reservoirs of infections to man are well documented. this presents a health challenge to the pastoral systems in africa that rely mostly on open natural water sources to meet livestock and human needs ... | 2010 | 20698978 |
| human brucellosis in urban and peri-urban areas of kampala, uganda. | a retrospective case-control study of human brucellosis in urban, peri-urban, and rural areas in kampala, uganda was undertaken to find the risks associated with the disease using the medical records of mulago national referral hospital (mulago hospital). from the brucella agglutination test (bat) records between june 2004 and may 2006, 652 positive results were found. the case-control study showed that living in urban areas was a risk factor for brucellosis. the numbers of improved and cross-br ... | 2008 | 19120236 |
| strategies, effectiveness and rationale of vector-borne disease control in the pastoralist system of south-western uganda. | in uganda, control of vector-borne diseases is mainly in form of vector control, and chemotherapy. there have been reports that acaricides are being misused in the pastoralist systems in uganda. this is because of the belief by scientists that intensive application of acaricide is uneconomical and unsustainable particularly in the indigenous cattle. the objective of this study was to investigate the strategies, rationale and effectiveness of vector-borne disease control by pastoralists. to syste ... | 2005 | 16248219 |
| molecular characterization of sat 2 foot-and-mouth disease virus from post-outbreak slaughtered animals: implications for disease control in uganda. | in uganda, limiting the extent of foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) spread during outbreaks involves short-term measures such as ring vaccination and restrictions of the movement of livestock and their products to and from the affected areas. in this study, the presence of fmd virus rna was investigated in cattle samples 3 months after fmd quarantine measures had been lifted following an outbreak in 2004. oropharyngeal tissue samples were obtained from 12 cattle slaughtered in a small town abattoir i ... | 2010 | 20003615 |
| responses to tuberculin among zebu cattle in the transhumance regions of karamoja and nakasongola district of uganda. | responses to tuberculin in zebu cattle of the transhumant pastoral farming system in karamoja region and nakasongola district in the north-eastern and mid-central regions in uganda, respectively, were investigated using a comparative intradermal tuberculin skin test. of the 1864 cattle tested from 30 large units (superherds) in karamoja and 7 herds in nakasongola, a total of 28 animals from 19 herds (51.4%) tested positive. inter-district tuberculin reactor prevalence variations seemed to be inf ... | 2006 | 17137129 |
| domestic animals as reservoirs for sleeping sickness in three endemic foci in south-eastern uganda. | the persistence of sleeping sickness (human african trypanosomiasis) in some areas of south-eastern uganda has necessitated further investigations, focusing mainly on domestic animals as reservoirs of this disease in three agro-ecological zones. the inter-zone differences in the prevalences of trypanosome infection among cattle (p < 0.001) and pigs (p < 0.001) were significant. overall, 5.0% of the cattle, 13.9% of the pigs and 0.4% of the small ruminants investigated were found to be infected w ... | 2003 | 12803870 |
| drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in uganda. | cattle from 50 farms in mukono county, uganda, were monitored for trypanosomes every second month over an 18-month period (1995-1996) by mini-anion exchange chromatography and haematocrit centrifugation techniques. eighteen trypanosome isolates collected from cattle during this period were characterised in cattle, goats and mice for their sensitivity to homidium, isometamidium and diminazene; 10 of the isolates were selected randomly, 8 were from animals that had the highest serum isometamidium ... | 2002 | 12387907 |
| occurrence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in fecal samples from children with diarrhea and from healthy zebu cattle in uganda. | fecal samples collected from 237 diarrheic infants in kampala, uganda and from 159 healthy cattle from a ranch in the central region of uganda were investigated for the presence of escherichia coli o157 and other types of shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec). e. coli o157 were not detected in 150 stool samples from children which were cultivated on sorbitol macconkey agar. a search for all types of stec performed on 87 additional human stool samples with an enzyme-immunoassay for shiga toxins (p ... | 2001 | 11407553 |
| prevalence and distribution of animal trypanosomosis on buvuma islands in lake victoria, uganda. | | 1999 | 10371007 |
| chronic osteomyelitis in a ugandan rural setting. | to determine the incidence pattern and outcome of chronic osteomyelitis in a rural setting. | 2003 | 16167739 |
| population genetic analysis and sub-structuring of theileria parva in uganda. | in recent years the population structures of many apicomplexan parasites including plasmodium spp., toxoplasma gondii and cryptospordium parvum have been elucidated. these species show a considerable diversity of population structure suggesting different strategies for transmission and survival in mammalian hosts. we have undertaken a population genetic analysis of another apicomplexan species (theileria parva) to investigate the levels of diversity of this parasite and the role of genetic excha ... | 2005 | 15760662 |
| use of a pcr assay for the specific and sensitive detection of trypanosoma spp. in naturally infected dairy cattle in peri-urban kampala, uganda. | the objective of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with the hematocrit centrifugation technique (hct) and the mini-anion-exchange centrifugation technique (m-aect) for diagnosis of trypanosome infections in livestock. in a cross-sectional study, 486 cattle from 50 randomly selected farms in mukono county, uganda were investigated in june 1994. the direct parasitological techniques were performed in the field, resulting in 45 (9.3%) a ... | 1998 | 9668446 |
| bovine trypanosomiasis in south-western uganda: packed-cell volumes and prevalences of infection in the cattle. | following confirmed cases of trypanosomiasis ('nagana') and reports of trypanosome-attributable deaths among local cattle, a cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of bovine infection with trypanosomes in south-western uganda. cattle from 10 different localities were checked by the microscopical examination of wet bloodsmears and thin, stained bloodsmears, and by blood centrifugation followed by the examination of the resultant buffy coats. of the 1309 cattle investigat ... | 2004 | 15000727 |
| an outbreak of rinderpest on a farm in the suburban area of kampala, uganda, following introduction of illegally moved cattle. | | 1991 | 1796530 |
| anaplasmosis in uganda. ii. prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis in uganda. | the prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis was studied in 320 zebu cattle randomly selected from three regions of uganda: (central, southwestern and northwestern) using dot-elisa, western immunoblotting, rapid card agglutination test (rcat), capillary tube agglutination test (cat), complement fixation test (cft), and parasitological techniques. dried blood on whatman filter paper no. 1 was eluted in pbs 0.05% tween 20 prior to testing at an initial dilution of 1:25. the prevalences of parasitaemia we ... | 1991 | 1746978 |
| prevalence and patterns of self-reported animal-related injury among veterinarians in metropolitan kampala. | to establish the prevalence, patterns and risk factors of animal-related injuries among veterinarians, self-administered questionnaires were given to 60 veterinarians practicing in metropolitan kampala. the prevalence of animal-related injuries in metropolitan kampala was 72% (95%ci, 57~84). some veterinarians (34%) suffered multiple injuries with a mean and median of 2.1 and 2.0 injuries per veterinarian, respectively. of a total of 70 self-reported animal related injuries, cattle accounted for ... | 2010 | 21113109 |
| characterization by isoenzyme electrophoresis of trypanozoon stocks from sleeping sickness endemic areas of south-east uganda. | an epidemic of sleeping sickness, which started in 1976 in a focus within the county of luuka in central busoga, has spread to cover the three districts of busoga and large parts of the neighbouring districts of tororo and mukono. forty-three isolates of the subgenus trypanozoon from busoga and tororo (27 from man, 9 from cows, 2 from pigs and 5 from tsetse flies) were compared by thin-layer starch-gel electrophoresis for seven enzymes. thirty zymodemes were identified; 17 of them were found cir ... | 1992 | 1464150 |
| a preliminary study of the genital organs of indigenous cows in uganda. | as a basis for the clinical diagnoses of reproduction disturbances in indigenous cows in uganda the normal and diseases conditions of the reproductive organs of 438 ankola and nganda cows slaughtered at mukono were examined. gravid genitals formed 30.13% of the whole material, the proportion of abnormal genitals was 39.28%. bursitis, salpingitis, and ovario-bursal adhesions were the most prevalent abnormalities. genital tuberculosis was found in 3.02% of the material. ovarian dysfunctions were f ... | 1976 | 985307 |
| risk factors for herd-level bovine-tuberculosis seropositivity in transhumant cattle in uganda. | we investigated the prevalence and risk factors to positive herd-level tuberculin reactivity between october 2003 to may 2004 to bovine tuberculosis (btb) in the four transhumant districts of uganda: three districts (karamoja region) of nomadic transhumance cattle rearing (30 superherds and 1522 cattle), and one district (nakasongola) of fixed-transhumance (7 herds and 342 cattle). we used the comparative intradermal skin-test, sampled 50 animals per superherd/herd, and considered herd positive ... | 2007 | 17482694 |
| financial analysis of dipping strategies for indigenous cattle under ranch conditions in uganda. | a financial analysis was performed to assess the performance of three acaricide-treatment groups of indigenous breeds (zebu and nganda) of cattle on a ranch in luwero district, uganda. the treatments were based on different frequencies: twice-a-week dipping, once-a-month dipping and no tick control. the objective was to evaluate the economic justification for intensive acaricide application for tick and tick-borne disease control in uganda. data were collected by monitoring cattle performance ov ... | 1998 | 9500178 |
| anaplasmosis in uganda. ii. prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis. | the prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis was studied in 320 zebu cattle randomly selected from three regions of uganda (central, south-western and north-western) using dot-elisa, western immunoblotting, rapid card agglutination test (rcat), capillary tube agglutination test (cat), complement fixation test (cft), and parasitological techniques. dried blood on whatman filter paper no. 1 was eluated in pbs 0.05% tween 20 prior to testing at an initial dilution of 1:25. the incidence of parasitaemia ra ... | 1992 | 1514023 |
| herd prevalence of bovine brucellosis and analysis of risk factors in cattle in urban and peri-urban areas of the kampala economic zone, uganda. | human brucellosis has been found to be prevalent in the urban areas of kampala, the capital city of uganda. a cross-sectional study was designed to generate precise information on the prevalence of brucellosis in cattle and risk factors for the disease in its urban and peri-urban dairy farming systems. | 2011 | 22004574 |
| impact of biological factors on the interpretation of bovine trypanosomosis serology. | a total of 457 cattle from dairy farms in mukono county, uganda, were investigated for trypanosoma antibodies by elisa. the objective of the study was to identify explanatory covariate factors for seropositivity among nine farm-specific and four animal-specific variables. we used logistic regression models for parasitological and serological outcome variables and then compared the adjusted odds ratios for explanatory factors between the models. age is positively correlated with seropositivity bu ... | 1997 | 9234412 |
| population dynamics of ticks on indigenous cattle in a pastoral dry to semi-arid rangeland zone of uganda. | studies on seasonality and population dynamics of ticks on indigenous cattle and their crosses (calves) were carried out in buruli ranching scheme, nabiswera, luwero district of uganda on three treatment groups of animals: group 1 (twice a week dipping), group 2 (once a month dipping) and group 3 (no tick control). during this study, four major species of ticks of economic importance were recorded in decreasing order of abundance: rhipicephalus appendiculatus, rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, ambl ... | 1999 | 10353189 |
| prevalence estimation under heterogeneity in the example of bovine trypanosomosis in uganda. | we examine variance estimators of a binomial parameter established under cluster sampling using data from a cross-sectional study of bovine trypanosomosis in mukono county, uganda. fifty farms (referred to as clusters), were sampled with a total sample size of 487 cattle. trypanosomes were found in 17.9% (87/487) of the total sample. the cluster-level (cl) prevalences were not homogeneously distributed. according to maximum-likelihood parameters established by mixture-distribution analysis, 18% ... | 1998 | 9677624 |
| aids and agricultural production. report of a land utilization survey, masaka and rakai districts of uganda. | increased aids mortality and other preexisting conditions have contributed to agricultural productivity declines in the districts of masaka and rakai in uganda. these two districts were the most fertile in uganda and also had the highest hiv seroprevalence rates in africa. 66% of study households experienced land use decline to some extent over the past 5 years. the 11% decline in poultry production and 32% decline in cattle production was reportedly due to poor management and loss of grazing la ... | 1993 | 12319218 |
| pastoralists' indigenous selection criteria and other breeding practices of the long-horned ankole cattle in uganda. | the criteria for identification, selection and kinship assignment of ankole cattle and their roles to pastoralists were studied on 248 farms in kiboga, mbarara, mpigi and sembabule districts of uganda using a questionnaire, administered during one-to-one interviews. farms were randomly sampled along transects originating from the headquarters of each of the 19 sub-counties studied. we found that male ankole cattle are reared for income from sales, meat for home use and ceremonies, aesthetic valu ... | 2011 | 21805229 |