| high pressure liquid chromatographic determination of aflatoxin b in rice and rice products in taiwan. | | 1978 | 275456 |
| cognitive development of children prenatally exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (yu-cheng children) and their siblings. | an intoxication episode resulting from rice-bran oil (yu-cheng) contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) occurred in taiwan from 1978 to 1979. after that episode, the authors found 15 yu-cheng children who were born to intoxicated mothers after their documented consumption of pcb-contaminated oil; these children had older siblings, born before pcb exposure, without prenatal pcb exposure. the cognitive development of these yu-cheng children and the youngest of their elder siblings were ... | 1992 | 1360299 |
| cognitive development of yu-cheng ("oil disease") children prenatally exposed to heat-degraded pcbs. | to compare the cognitive development in taiwanese children who had been exposed prenatally to high levels of heat-degraded polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) with control children who were exposed to background levels. the disorder was called yu-cheng, "oil disease," in taiwan. | 1992 | 1433761 |
| immunity of pcb transplacental yu-cheng children in taiwan. | | 1990 | 2108741 |
| rice pollen allergy in taiwan. | a panel of tests including intracutaneous skin testing (st), radioallergosorbent test (rast), immunoblotting and allergen-induced lymphoproliferation was done to study rice pollen allergy in asthmatic children and to characterize the allergens. of the 312 asthmatic patients skin tested, 29 (9.3%) had positive reactions (wheal greater than or equal to 6 mm) to rice pollen extract at a concentration of 10(-5) g/ml and the remaining 283 (90.7%) were negative. while eight (34.8%) of the 23 st-positi ... | 1990 | 2256574 |
| follow-up study of reproductive hazards of multiparous women consuming pcbs-contaminated rice oil in taiwan. | | 1989 | 2508802 |
| clinical findings and immunological abnormalities in yu-cheng patients. | an outbreak of poisoning caused by ingestion of rice bran oil which was accidentally contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) broke out in taiwan in february 1979. diagnosis, management, and follow-up of the patients were performed at special clinics, and subjective symptoms and cutaneous changes such as peculiar acneform eruptions and pigmentation were recorded. the patients were divided into six age groups of both essex, and the body surface of the patients was divided into 12 sectio ... | 1985 | 3921359 |
| discovery and epidemiology of pcb poisoning in taiwan: a four-year followup. | an outbreak of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) poisoning from the consumption of contaminated rice oil, covering four counties in central taiwan, was investigated. there were 1843 cases by the end of 1980. the highest frequency of incidence occurred during the period from march to july 1979. the severity of clinical manifestations varied. most patients showed symptoms of mild or moderate severity. the major age group affected was between 11 and 20 years old. most of the victims were students and ... | 1985 | 3921364 |
| pcb and pcdf congeners in the blood and tissues of yusho and yu-cheng patients. | polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) poisonings occurred in western japan, where it is called yusho, in 1968, and in central taiwan, where it is called yu-cheng, in 1979. the average concentrations of pcbs in the adipose tissue, liver and blood of yusho patients and in the blood of yu-cheng patients were 1.9 ppm, 0.08 ppm, 6.7 ppb and 99 ppb, respectively. seven pcb congeners, such as 2,4,5,3',4'-pentachloro-, 2,3,4,3',4'-pentachloro-, 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachloro-, 2,3,4,2',4',5'-hexachloro-, 2,3,4,5,3' ... | 1985 | 3921365 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzofurans and quaterphenyls in toxic rice-bran oil and in the blood and tissues of patients with pcb poisoning (yu-cheng) in taiwan. | a mass outbreak of poisoning occurred in central taiwan in 1979 due to the ingestion of rice-bran oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), dibenzofurans (pcdfs) and quaterphenyls (pcqs). the incident was called pcb poisoning or yu-cheng in taiwan. the major pcb and pcdf congeners in the toxic oil and in the blood and tissues of the poisoned patients were characterized by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using highly efficient glass capillary columns. the ... | 1985 | 3921366 |
| pcbs, pcqs and pcdfs in tissues of yusho and yu-cheng patients. | all five samples of oil involved in the recent yu-cheng outbreak were heavily contaminated with pcbs, pcqs and pcdfs at levels, on the average, of 62, 20 and 0.14 ppm, respectively. the samples not only had roughly one-tenth of the contamination by pcbs, pcqs and pcdfs but also three to four times lower ratios of pcqs and pcdfs to pcbs than samples of oil involved in yusho in japan. pcbs, pcqs and pcdfs present were all composed of similar congeners to the ones found in the yusho specimens, thou ... | 1985 | 3921367 |
| pcbs, pcqs and pcdfs in blood of yusho and yu-cheng patients. | individual blood samples obtained from yusho and yu-cheng patients who had been poisoned by ingesting contaminated cooking oils, from workers occupationally exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and from unexposed individuals were analyzed for pcbs, polychlorinated quaterphenyls (pcqs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. pcbs were found in the blood of all samples. pcqs were detected in the blood of 54 of 56 living yusho patients 11 years ... | 1985 | 3921368 |
| health status of japanese and taiwanese after exposure to contaminated rice oil. | mass poisonings, called yusho and yu-cheng, occurred in western japan in 1968 and central taiwan in 1979, respectively. these occurrences were separately caused by ingestion of rice oils contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) and polychlorinated quaterphenyls. the total intakes of pcbs and pcdfs by the patients were calculated to be, on the average, 633 and 3.4 mg for yusho, respectively, and 973 and 3.84 mg for yu-cheng, respectively, similar a ... | 1985 | 3928360 |
| [pcb, pcq and pct in the rice oil which caused "yusho" and in the blood of patients with yusho]. | | 1985 | 3930360 |
| [quantitative analysis of polychlorinated quaterphenyls in yusho oil by high performance liquid chromatography]. | | 1985 | 3930361 |
| semidwarf rice and wheat in global food needs. | | 1971 | 4927378 |
| study on fungi of the stored unhulled rice of taiwan. myocological survey of the stored unhulled rice. | | 1971 | 5293481 |
| study on fungi of the stored unhulled rice of taiwan. ii. aflatoxin bl like compounds from the culture of aspergillus genus. | | 1971 | 5293482 |
| strontium-90 and cesium-137 levels in the diet of children on a school lunch program. | | 1971 | 5550319 |
| study on aflatoxin of foodstuffs in taiwan. | | 1968 | 5674422 |
| discovery and epidemiology of pcb poisoning in taiwan. | an outbreak of pcb poisoning through consumption of the contaminated rice oil in central taiwan was investigated. it covered four counties and there were 1,843 cases by the end of 1980. the highest frequency of incidence occurred during the period from march to july 1979. severity of clinical manifestations was graded, most patients exhibiting mild or moderate severity. the major age group of the outbreak was between 11 to 20 years old. most of the victims were students and factory workers. the ... | 1984 | 6230931 |
| pcb poisoning in japan and taiwan. dermatological, medical, and laboratory findings of patients in taiwan and their treatments. | this paper describes in detail the dermatological, medical, and laboratory findings of patients poisoned with pcbs and related compounds in taiwan. together with their symptoms, their skin lesions as well as their hematological, immunological, and other clinical features are explained. a grading of their clinical severity was tried, and its possible association with pcb concentrations in their blood was examined but could not be demonstrated. various treatments have been applied but without nota ... | 1984 | 6232617 |
| [the blood of taiwanese patients with pcb poisoning and the cause of poisoning. analysis of pcbs, pcqs, and pcdfs in the cooking oil]. | | 1983 | 6411568 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzofurans, and quaterphenyls in the toxic rice-bran oil and pcbs in the blood of patients with pcb poisoning in taiwan. | a mass outbreak of poisoning occurred in central taiwan in 1979 due to the ingestion of rice-bran oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). in addition to pcbs, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) and polychlorinated quaterphenyls (pcqs) were also found in the contaminated oil. the levels of toxic agents in the rice-oil samples collected from factory and school cafeterias and the families of the intoxicated patients were in the range of 53-99 ppm, 0.18-0.40 ppm, and 25-53 ppm for ... | 1984 | 6422745 |
| pcb poisoning in japan and taiwan. a collection of papers dealing with the effects of pcbs and related compounds. | | 1984 | 6425845 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzofurans, and quaterphenyls in the toxic rice-bran oil and pcbs in the blood of patients with pcb poisoning in taiwan. | a mass outbreak of poisoning occurred in central taiwan in 1979 due to the ingestion of rice-bran oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). in addition to pcbs, polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( pcdfs ) and polychlorinated quaterphenyls ( pcqs ) were also found in the contaminated oil. the levels of toxic agents in the rice-oil samples collected from factory and school cafeterias and the families of the intoxicated patients were in the range of 53-99 ppm, 0.18-0.40 ppm, and 25-53 ppm ... | 1984 | 6425849 |
| causal agents of yusho. | through the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), polychlorinated quaterphenyls ( pcqs ), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( pcdfs ) retained in the blood of japanese and taiwanese patients who had been poisoned by ingesting contaminated cooking oils, in the blood of workers occupationally exposed to pcbs, and in the blood of unexposed individuals, it was strongly suggested that pcdfs might be the responsible compounds for the development of yusho disease. to confirm this, animal experi ... | 1984 | 6425853 |
| discovery and epidemiology of pcb poisoning in taiwan. | an outbreak of pcb poisoning through consumption of the contaminated rice oil in central taiwan was investigated. it covered four counties and there were 1,843 cases by the end of 1980. the highest frequency of incidence occurred during the period from march to july 1979. severity of clinical manifestations was graded, most patients exhibiting mild or moderate severity. the major age group of the outbreak was between 11 to 20 years old. most of the victims were students and factory workers. the ... | 1984 | 6425855 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls in israel: a risk assessment. | | 1984 | 6435163 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans in the toxic rice-bran oil that caused pcb poisoning in taichung. | | 1981 | 6786399 |
| comparative rates of elimination of some individual polychlorinated biphenyls from the blood of pcb-poisoned patients in taiwan. | in 1979, a mass outbreak of poisoning occurred in central taiwan due to the ingestion of rice-bran oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). the major pcb isomers and congeners in the toxic rice oil and in the blood of pcb-poisoned patients were characterized by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using a highly efficient glass capillary column. the elimination of some major individual pcbs from blood of these patients was studied. the results indicate that ... | 1982 | 6813209 |
| [change of pcdf and pcb concentrations in the blood of yucheng and yusho patients for 25 years]. | the blood samples of 3 yucheng patients collected 6-7 times from 1980 to 1993 and 5 yusho patients collected 6-8 times from 1982 to 1993 were analyzed for congeners of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdf) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) by high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-electron capture detection. in the blood of yucheng patients, the high concentrations of 3 pcdf congeners, 2,3',4, 4',5-penta-cb and 5 pcb congeners were eliminated at half-lives o ... | 1995 | 7628805 |
| [levels of pcdds, pcdfs and coplanar pcbs in the blood and stool of taiwanese yu-cheng patients]. | levels of pcdds, pcdfs and coplanar pcbs were measured in the blood and stool obtained from seventeen patients with yu-cheng in taiwan. the average total concentrations of pcdds, pcdfs and coplanar pcbs in the blood collected from yu-cheng patients in january 1993 and august 1994 were 590 and 570 pg toxic equivalents (teqs)/g lipid, respectively. the concentrations of pcdds, pcdfs and coplanar pcbs in the blood of patients were 21, 540 and 10 pg teqs/g fat, respectively. on the other hand, the f ... | 1995 | 7628814 |
| effects of prenatal exposure to pcbs on the neurological function of children: a neuropsychological and neurophysiological study. | to determine the long-term neurotoxicity of prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), 54 children--27 'yu-cheng' ('oil disease') children and 27 controls--were administered a battery of tests, including the wisc-r, auditory event-related potentials (p300), pattern visual evoked potentials (p-veps) and somatosensory evoked potentials (sseps). full-scale iq scores on the wisc-r were lower for the yu-cheng group than for the control group. mean p300 latencies were significantly longer, ... | 1994 | 8157153 |
| background exposure of general population to cadmium and lead in tainan city, taiwan. | venous blood samples, 24-h total food duplicate samples, and rice samples were collected from 52 adult non-smoking women in the city of tainan, southern taiwan, in 1994, and analyzed for cadmium (cd) and lead (pb) by wet-digestion followed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. daily dietary intake was 10 micrograms for cd and 22 micrograms for pb as geometric means, of which cd and pb in rice accounted for 34% and 1.4% of daily cd and pb intakes, respectively. the counterpart ... | 1996 | 8579381 |
| concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in human placental and fetal tissues from the u.s. and in placentas from yu-cheng exposed mothers. | we report the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) found in human placentas and fetal tissue from the u.s. and in placentas from yu-cheng mothers. in placental material from sources in the u.s. we found concentrations, expressed as dioxin toxic equivalence (teq) values and on a lipid basis, between 8.4 and 17.6 ng/kg. in a pooled sample of fetal tissue (8-14 week) the concentration, 5.3 ng/kg, was somewhat smaller. in placental mat ... | 1996 | 8907232 |
| reassessment of pcdd/dfs and co-pcbs toxicity in contaminated rice-bran oil responsible for the disease "yu-cheng". | reassessment of dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (pcdd/dfs) and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (co-pcbs) in toxic yu-cheng rice-bran oil was carried out. the contaminating source appears to be a mixture of kc-400 and kc-500. the oil contains 176 micrograms/g pcbs and 37.194 ng/g 2,3,7,8,-tcdd toxicity equivalency (teq). the teq contributions from the pcdds (4.472 ng/g), pcdfs (19.568 ng/g), and co-pcbs (13.154 ng/g) are 12% 53% and 35%, respectively. complete identification and quantitati ... | 1997 | 9134689 |
| nutritional evaluation of chinese working women in the city of tainan, taiwan. | nutritional survey was conducted in 1994 in tainan city, southern taiwan. total food duplicate samples were collected from 52 women volunteers. clinical examinations, anthropometry, hematology and serum biochemistry were also conducted. the intakes of nutrients were estimated from the weights of food items in reference to the standard food composition tables for taiwanese. on average, the participants took 1,973 kcal energy, 69 g protein, 73 g lipid and 269 g carbohydrate per day. animal-based f ... | 1997 | 9163849 |
| middle-ear disease in children exposed prenatally to polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans. | during 1978 and 1979, an episode of poisoning from ingestion of rice oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans occurred in central taiwan. we followed-up children who had been born between june 1978 and march 1985, as well as matched unexposed children. the mothers of exposed children had consumed contaminated oils before the children were born. in 1993, otolaryngologists examined the middle ear of each child with a pneumatic otoscope, and they measured th ... | 1997 | 9210724 |
| [analysis of 209 pcb congeners by high separation gas chromatography/low resolution mass spectrometer]. | all pcb congeners were analyzed by high separation gas chromatography/low resolution mass spectrometer, using 209 pcb congeners as standards. they were separated into 169 peaks, including 28 peaks containing 2 pcbs and 8 peaks containing 3 pcbs. the rice oil samples of fukuoka and taiwan poisonings were analyzed for pcb congeners. they showed 115 separated peaks of pcb congeners. total pcb concentrations were 879 and 769 ppm in 2 samples of fukuoka rice oil and 57 and 83 ppm in 2 samples of taiw ... | 1999 | 10396875 |
| effect of prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on cognitive development in children: a longitudinal study in taiwan. | from 1978 to 1979, a group of people in taiwan were exposed to high levels of heat-degraded polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) owing to accidental ingestion of contaminated rice oil. children born to mothers following the exposure ('yucheng' children) were known to have hyperpigmented skin and other dysmorphology after birth. | 2001 | 11315225 |
| screening and characterization of koji molds producing saline-tolerant protease. | three mold strains isolated from soil in the taipei area of taiwan were compared with a commercial strain of aspergillus oryzae for their proteolytic activities in an 18% nacl aqueous solution system. among these strains, the one subsequently identified and designated as aspergillus sp. fc-10 produced protease with superior saline tolerance. in aflatoxin tests, this strain did not generate detectable aflatoxin after growing on steamed grain polished rice substrate for 24 days. two types of extra ... | 2001 | 11464272 |
| dissipation of epoxiconazole in the paddy field under subtropical conditions of taiwan. | the environmental fate and distribution of fungicide epoxiconazole were studied by a rice paddy field model ecosystem. one week before the head-sprouting stage, rice plant was treated separately once with opus (tradename of epoxiconazole) 12% sc 2.1 kg ha(-1) and 1.4 kg ha(-1), respectively. soil, water and rice plant were sampled seven days intervals nine times after application. the bioconcentration factor of epoxiconazole on mosquito fish in the ecosystem was also determined, based on the amo ... | 2001 | 11495019 |
| seasonal changes of chlorophyll content in field-grown rice crops and their relationships with growth. | field experiments were conducted on the experimental farm of the taiwan agricultural research institute (tari) to examine seasonal changes in the amounts of chlorophylls in leaves and whole plants of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. tainung 67) grown in the first and the second crop seasons in 1998. chlorophyll (chl) differences between two crops and their relationships with growth were also investigated. the differences in climate conditions between the two crop seasons were quite phenomenal and led t ... | 2001 | 11699571 |
| metabolism of territrem a by liver microsomes of wistar rats: identification of the metabolites and their metabolic sequence. | the metabolism of territrem a (tra) was investigated in liver microsomes of male wistar rats. the results indicated that three metabolites were produced from tra and these metabolic reactions were inhibited by metyrapone, an inhibitor of cytochrome p-450. based on analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc), mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopic techniques, the structure of these metabolites were identified as 4beta-hydroxymethyl-4beta-demethylterritrem a (ma1), ... | 2001 | 11760155 |
| methane emission from fields with differences in nitrogen fertilizers and rice varieties in taiwan paddy soils. | flooded rice fields are one of the major biogenic methane sources. in this study, methane emission rates were measured after transplanting in paddy fields with application of two kinds of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium sulfate, nh4+-n and potassium nitrate, no3(-)-n) and with two kinds of rice varieties (japonica and indica). the experiment was conducted in fields located at tainan district agricultural improvement station in chia-yi county (23 degrees 25'08"n, 120 degrees 16'26"e) of southern t ... | 2003 | 12653295 |
| sperm changes in men exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and dibenzofurans. | | 2003 | 12799401 |
| morphology and intracellular localization of rice transitory yellowing virus. | | 1971 | 4109527 |
| estimating the benefits of pollution reduction on agricultural yields: taiwan's air pollution emission fees program. | taiwan's implementation of the 1997 air pollution emissions fees program will conceivably lead to long-term reductions in pollution emissions. the purpose of this paper is to estimate the benefits to taiwan from the expected reduction in crop losses as a direct result of such a decrease in air pollution. we employ a demand-supply framework for rice production to estimate the change in social welfare resulting from changes in the concentration of certain pollutants in the atmosphere. our empirica ... | 2003 | 12837257 |
| methane emission from fields with three various rice straw treatments in taiwan paddy soils. | flooded rice fields are one of the major biogenic methane sources. in this study, the effects of straw residual treatments on methane emission from paddy fields were discussed. the experimental field was located at tainan district agricultural improvement station in chia-yi county (23 degrees 25'08''n, 120degrees16'26''e) of southern taiwan throughout the first and the second crop seasons in 2000. the seasonal methane fluxes in the first crop season with rice stubble removed, rice straw burned a ... | 2003 | 12856932 |
| detection of burkholderia pseudomallei in rice fields with pcr-based technique. | burkholderia pseudomallei ara- in rice fields was detected using pcr-based techniques with 16s rna and flagella gene primer sets. the sensitivity of these pcrs was at least 1 cfu/ml of b. pseudomallei ara- preincubated into ashdown's medium for 6 h. b. pseudomallei ara- dna from watery soil were more detectable than from dry soil. the distribution of this dna was mainly found at a depth of 300-600 mm under crop-covered fields, but not detected in the location of soil close to the land surface. t ... | 2003 | 14533484 |
| potential role of armigeres subalbatus (diptera: culicidae) in the transmission of japanese encephalitis virus in the absence of rice culture on liu-chiu islet, taiwan. | mosquitoes known to be involved in the transmission of japanese encephalitis virus (je) on taiwan typically develop in rice fields. however, recent serological evidence indicated that je virus was being transmitted on liu-chiu, a rice-free islet. to identify the mosquito vector in this unusual epidemiological situation, 4 mosquito species commonly found in liu-chiu were evaluated for their vector competence for a strain of je (ch1392) virus isolated from central taiwan. armigeres subalbatus (coq ... | 2000 | 15218913 |
| evaluation of methane emissions from taiwanese paddies. | the main greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. methane is the most important because the warming effect of methane is 21 times greater than that of carbon dioxide. methane emitted from rice paddy fields is a major source of atmospheric methane. in this work, a methane emission model (mem), which integrates climate change, plant growth and degradation of soil organic matter, was applied to estimate the emission of methane from rice paddy fields in taiwan. the estimated r ... | 2004 | 15364529 |
| serum concentrations and profiles of polychlorinated biphenyls in taiwan yu-cheng victims twenty years after the incident. | in 1979, about 2000 people in central taiwan were intoxicated via rice oil consumption that was contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). this "yu-cheng" incident was one of the two known major human pcb intoxication episodes. twenty years after the intoxication, serum samples of 435 yu-cheng victims, 414 adults and 21 children, were collected. sixteen pcb congeners were analyzed with a gas chromatograph-electron capture detector. we found the median concentration of total pcbs in the ... | 2005 | 15809109 |
| evaluation of various control agents against mosquito larvae in rice paddies in taiwan. | a field test was conducted in rice paddies adjacent to wufeng, taichung county in central taiwan to evaluate the efficacy of control agents against mosquito larvae. the agents included bacillus thuringienesis israelensis (bti), two lagenidium giganteum products (lg product a and t), and temephos. the major mosquito species found in the rice paddies were culex tritaeniorhynchus/vishnui and anopheles sinensis. compared to controls, a 7-day treatment with bti or lg products a and t caused overall r ... | 2005 | 16007966 |
| influence of solution acidity and cacl2 concentration on the removal of heavy metals from metal-contaminated rice soils. | soil washing is considered a useful technique for remediating metal-contaminated soils. this study examined the release edges of cd, zn, ni, cr, cu or pb in two contaminated rice soils from central taiwan. the concentrations exceeding the trigger levels established by the regulatory agency of taiwan were cu, zn, ni and cr for the ho-mei soil and pb for the nan-tou soil. successive extractions with hcl ranging from 0 to 0.2 m showed increased release of the heavy metals with declining ph, and the ... | 2006 | 16603295 |
| streptacidiphilus oryzae sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from rice-field soil in thailand. | the taxonomic position of ten acidophilic actinomycetes isolated from an acidic rice-field soil was established using a polyphasic approach. 16s rrna gene sequences determined for the isolates were aligned with corresponding sequences of representatives of the genera kitasatospora, streptacidiphilus and streptomyces and phylogenetic trees were inferred using four tree-making algorithms. the isolates had identical sequences and formed a distinct branch at the periphery of the streptacidiphilus 16 ... | 2006 | 16738101 |
| pythiogeton zizaniae, a new species causing basal stalk rot of water bamboo in taiwan. | a new species, pythiogeton zizaniae, was isolated from diseased water bamboo (zizania latifolia) in central taiwan. the organism formed a colony with scanty mycelia and mycelial aggregates on rye-water bamboo medium. special treatments were required for production of sporangia which were terminal, noncaducous and mostly ovoid. chlamydospores were absent. the fungus was homothallic. oogonia produced on v-8 water bamboo medium in water were mostly globose to subglobose and each was attached with a ... | 2006 | 16800309 |
| [trend of pcb/pcdf concentrations in the blood of yusho patients for 38 years after the incidence]. | concentrations of 2,3',4,4',5-pentacb (pcb118), 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexacb (pcb153), 2,3,3',4, 4',5-hexacb (pcb156) and total pcb congeners (pcbs) in the blood of yusho patients, surveyed by the annual medical examination in fukuoka prefecture, have been gradually decreased from 1974 (7 ppb) to 2006 (3 ppb). the patients are classified into 3 types of yusho, namely, yusho a: having typical yusho gas chromatogram (gc) pattern, yusho b: between yusho a and yusho c, and yusho c: having gc pattern simila ... | 2007 | 17642296 |
| significance of biomass open burning on the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the ambient air. | in southern taiwan, two areas (l- and y-) with/without biomass open burning were selected to compare the pcdd/f concentrations and their congener profiles in the ambient air. the results of this study indicate that biomass (rice straw) open burning exhibited a significant impact on the pcdd/f concentration level in the ambient air. during the biomass burning season, the total pcdd/f i-teq concentrations in the ambient air of l- and y-areas were approximately 4 and 17 times higher than those with ... | 2008 | 17897777 |
| [industrialization and the taiwanese rice industry during japanese colonial rule: the development of the white rice hulling industry]. | | 2001 | 18165991 |
| estimation of sensible heat, water vapor, and co2 fluxes using the flux-variance method. | this study investigated the flux-variance relationships of temperature, humidity, and co(2), and examined the performance of using this method for predicting sensible heat (h), water vapor (le), and co(2) fluxes (f(co2)) with eddy-covariance measured flux data at three different ecosystems: grassland, paddy rice field, and forest. the h and le estimations were found to be in good agreement with the measurements over the three fields. the prediction accuracy of le could be improved by around 15% ... | 2008 | 18379829 |
| effects of herbicide butachlor on soil microorganisms and on nitrogen-fixing abilities in paddy soil. | the composition of culture-independent microbial communities and the change of nitrogenase activities under the application of butachlor in paddy soil were investigated. nitrogen-fixation ability was expressed by the amount of acetylene reduction, and changes of microbial communities were studied by using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) technique; afterward, minimum distance (md, in brief) statistics was applied to determine the cluster numbers in upgma dendrograms. the results sh ... | 2009 | 18490058 |
| concentration and age-dependent elimination kinetics of polychlorinated dibenzofurans in yucheng and yusho patients. | half-life estimates of three polychlorodibenzofurans (pcdfs) were calculated using serial blood samples collected over a 15 to 19-year period. blood fat pcdfs were modeled in eight individuals who were exposed to contaminated rice oil in japan (yusho, n = 5) and in taiwan (yucheng, n = 3). the elimination kinetics of pcdfs were concentration-dependent, with faster rates observed at higher concentrations and the apparent transition to slower rates occurring at about 1-3 ppb. average half-lives of ... | 2007 | 18669171 |
| effects of open burning of rice straw on concentrations of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in central taiwan. | the sizes and concentrations of 21 atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) were measured at jhu-shan (a rural site) and sin-gang (a town site) in central taiwan in october and december 2005. air samples were collected using semi-volatile sampling trains (ps-1 sampler) over 16 days for rice-straw burning and nonburning periods. these samples were then analyzed using a gas chromatograph with a flame-ionization detector (gc/fid). particle-size distributions in the particulate phase show ... | 2008 | 18939779 |
| particulate matter characteristics during agricultural waste burning in taichung city, taiwan. | agricultural waste burning is performed after harvest periods in june and november in taiwan. typically, farmers use open burning to dispose of excess rice straw. pm(2.5) and pm(2.5-10) measurements were conducted at national chung hsing university in taichung city using a dichotomous sampler. the sampling times were during straw burning periods after rice harvest during 2002-2005. ionic species including so(4)(2-), no(3)(-), nh(4)(+), k(+), ca(2+), cl(-) and na(+) and carbonaceous species (ec a ... | 2009 | 18995960 |
| performance of copper chloride-impregnated sorbents on mercury vapor control in an entrained-flow reactor system. | an entrained-flow system has been designed and constructed to simulate in-flight mercury (hg) capture by sorbent injection in ducts of coal-fired utility plants. the test conditions of 1.2-sec residence time, 140 degrees c gas temperature, 6.7 m/sec (22 ft/sec) gas velocity, and 0-0.24 g/m3 (0-15 lbs of sorbent per 1 million actual cubic feet of flue gas [lb/mmacf]) sorbent injection rates were chosen to simulate conditions in the ducts. four kinds of sorbents were used in this study. darco hg-l ... | 2008 | 19044161 |
| multiple alleles at early flowering 1 locus making variation in the basic vegetative growth period in rice (oryza sativa l.). | a recently established rice breeding program in low latitudes aims to develop varieties with extremely long basic vegetative growth (bvg) periods and weak photoperiod sensitivities. the taiwanese japonica variety taichung 65 (t65) harbors a recessive allele ef1 at the ef1 (early flowering 1) locus, thereby exhibiting an extremely long bvg period. the previous reported functional allele ehd1 (early heading date 1), located on chromosome 10, encodes a b-type response regulator, thereby shortening ... | 2009 | 19407983 |
| influence of rice straw burning on the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural county of taiwan. | atmospheric particulate and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) size distribution were measured at jhu-shan (a rural site) and sin-gang (a town site) in central taiwan during the rice straw burning and non-burning periods. the concentrations of total pahs accounting for a roughly 58% (34%) increment in the concentrations of total pahs due to rice-straw burning. combustion-related pahs during burning periods were 1.54-2.57 times higher than those during non-burning periods. the mass median di ... | 2009 | 19999966 |
| the structure of rice production in japan and taiwan. | | 1999 | 20429135 |
| arsenic and lead (beudantite) contamination of agricultural rice soils in the guandu plain of northern taiwan. | this study investigates the species of as and pb (beudantite) residues present in the seriously contaminated agricultural rice soils of the guandu plain. two pedons in the guandu plain agricultural soils, each pedon separated into five horizons (each of 20 cm) were collected for this study. soil samples were packed into a column for leaching with simulated acid rains. soil ph ranged from 5.1 to 7.1 with high base saturation. soils can be classified as clay loam, mixed, thermic, typic or umbric a ... | 2010 | 20566242 |
| somaclonal variation does not preclude the use of rice transformants for genetic screening. | rice (oryza sativa) is one of the world's most important crops. rice researchers make extensive use of insertional mutants for the study of gene function. approximately half a million flanking sequence tags from rice insertional mutant libraries are publicly available. however, the relationship between genotype and phenotype is very weak. transgenic plant assays have been used frequently for complementation, overexpression or antisense analysis, but sequence changes caused by callus growth, agro ... | 2016 | 26833589 |
| an injury equivalency system for establishing a common economic threshold for three species of rice planthoppers (hemiptera: delphacidae) in taiwan. | the economic threshold (et) for multiple pest species that share the same injury type on host plants (feeding guild) has been proposed for decision-making in integrated management framework of many defoliating insect pests. however, only a few consider agricultural pests with sucking mouthparts. this study presents the first injury equivalency system for the feeding guild made up of three rice (oryza sativa l.) planthopper (hemiptera: delphacidae) species--nilaparvata lugens (stål), sogatella fu ... | 2013 | 23786072 |