| gel diffusion analysis of anopheles bloodmeals from 12 malarious study villages of orissa state, india. | in orissa state, india, the double gel diffusion technique was used to analyze 97,405 bloodmeals of all fed anophelines that were caught during standardized monthly surveys in 12 malarious study villages, from 1982 through 1988. anopheles culicifacies contributed the highest number of smears from the 19 anopheles species recovered. it was observed that a pronounced predilection to take mixed bloodmeals attenuates the vector potential of the species concerned. consequently, prevalences based only ... | 1991 | 1787405 |
| infection rate and vectorial capacity of malaria vectors in jeypore hill tract. | the role of different anophelines in malaria transmission in two geoclimatic zones, viz., jeypore and malkangiri plateau of koraput distt., which are endemic for malaria, was studied. out of 10,110 specimens belonging to 9 species collected and dissected over a period of 12 months by different methods in nine study villages, natural infection (sporozoites and oocysts) was detected in an. fluviatilis in both the zones. the sporozoite and oocyst rates were 0.28% and 1.41% in jeypore zone and 5.09% ... | 1991 | 1824355 |
| insecticide susceptibility of mosquito vectors in sundargarh district, orissa. | | 1991 | 1915985 |
| pattern of rice cultivation and anopheline breeding in koraput district of orissa state. | the potentiality of rice fields in anopheline vector breeding in koraput district was studied in two agricultural seasons--rubi and kharif. altogether, 17 species were recorded from the rice fields. the terraced stream bed paddy-fields with a perceptible water flow in top-hill areas support heavy breeding of the principal vector a. fluviatilis at all stages of paddy growth. a. culicifacies and a. annularis breeding became scarce when the paddy plants reached a height of 80 cm. vector species for ... | 1991 | 1918870 |
| breeding habitats of malaria vectors: a. fluviatilis, a. annularis and a. culicifacies, in koraput district, orissa. | anopheline breeding habitats were studied in two different geoclimatic zones. the vectors a. fluviatilis, a annularis and a. culicifacies breed in all types of habitats. streams were most productive for the main vector, a. fluviatilis and breeding was intense during winter and early summer. in the rainy season, breeding occurred in terraced paddy fields. a. culicifacies were produced in large numbers in rivers in summer and in paddy fields in rainy and cold seasons. considering the vastness of t ... | 1990 | 2093004 |
| studies on malaria transmission in orissa state: part i. development of a methodology for systematic studies. | standardized collections of anopheles were conducted by three entomology field investigation units (fiu's) working in three distinctively different areas of orissa state. the fiu's conducted identical routine weekly work schedules in each of 12 mesoendemic or hyperendemic study villages every month. in addition, monthly house-to-house fever case surveys were conducted in each study village and biannual malariometric surveys were carried out with the timing being shifted, so that eventually all s ... | 1990 | 2098408 |
| studies on malaria transmission in orissa state, india 1981 through 1986. ii: observations on the anopheles fauna. | a general presentation is made of data derived from systematic trend studies on the anopheles fauna in 12 study villages of orissa state, india. adult and larval species prevalences, seasonal densities of prominent anophelines and predilections of various species to feed on human blood are discussed and demonstrated. | 1990 | 2098424 |
| morphological variations in some indian anophelines from koraput district, orissa, india. | | 1990 | 2209928 |
| seasonal prevalence and resting behaviour of malaria vectors in koraput district, orissa. | among the seven vector species studied a. fluviatilis, a. jeyporiensis and a. maculatus were exophilic whereas a. aconitus, a. annularis, a. culicifacies and a. varuna were endophilic. all the species collected indoors preferred cattlesheds to human dwellings for daytime resting and 71.3% of the total indoor collection was obtained from cattlesheds. among the outdoor shelters pit shelters were found to be most attractive for all anophelines resting outdoors. in human dwellings anophelines genera ... | 1990 | 2292322 |
| susceptibility status of anopheles fluviatilis, a annularis and a. culicifacies to insecticides in koraput district, orissa. | | 1990 | 2384186 |
| gel diffusion determinations on feeding behaviour patterns of anophelines in orissa state, india. | in 1981 entomological field research units were established in three districts of orissa state, india, from which anopheles bloodmeals were forwarded regularly for analysis to an entomological laboratory in bhubaneswar. at the onset of 1982, the laboratory introduced a modified gel diffusion technique for determining the origin of mosquito bloodmeals and by the end of 1983, 22,300 smears had been processed and analyzed. the technique is relatively very simple, fast and inexpensive. the results a ... | 1989 | 2572623 |
| malaria & other common ailments among upper bonda tribals in koraput district, orissa. | a malariometric survey carried out among the upper bonda tribals of koraput district showed that malaria is the major cause of morbidity followed by worm infestation and malnutrition. a total of individuals 1,409 (32.2% of the population) were sampled and 771 were found positive for malaria parasites. plasmodium falciparum was the predominant parasite (73.7%) followed by p. vivax (10.6%) and p. malariae (5.2%) among the positive cases. mixed infection was observed in 10.5 per cent of positive in ... | 1989 | 2628297 |
| anopheline fauna of koraput district, orissa state, with particular reference to transmission of malaria. | the anopheline fauna was surveyed in koraput district of orissa, which is highly malarious. a total of 62,086 anophelines belonging to 22 species and two varieties were collected, including eight species of anophelines which are recognized malarial vectors in india. anopheles sergenti, a. pulcherrimus, a. jeyporiensis var candidiensis and a. annularis var adiei was recorded for the first time in this area. a total of 24154 mosquitoes were dissected and 18 mosquitoes belonging to four species, a. ... | 1989 | 2628298 |
| effect of permethrin impregnated bednets in reducing population of malaria vector anopheles culicifacies in a tribal village of orissa state (india). | the role of permethrin impregnated bednets at the application rate of 0.5 g (ai)/m2 in reducing a. culicifacies population in a tribal village of orissa, highly endemic for plasmodium falciparum was studied. the per man-hour density was significantly reduced in the kenduguda village for about three months where impregnated bednets were supplied to the villagers, while in the control village deulaguda where unimpregnated nets were supplied, vector density remained high during the study period. bi ... | 1989 | 2914731 |
| field trial of the effectiveness of indoor-spraying with pirimiphos-methyl emulsion for malaria control in a tribal area of phulbani district, orissa state, india. | a field trial of malaria vector control was conducted in phulbani district, orissa, during 1984 and 1985. indoor-spraying of pirimiphos-methyl emulsion formulation was undertaken at an application rate of 2 g/m2 in two sections (population 14,692) of nuagaon primary health centre. houses in two adjacent sections (population 21,450) were sprayed with ddt a water dispersible powder (wdp) formulation at 1 g/m2 for comparison purposes. operational problems in this area come from the tendency of trib ... | 1987 | 2979544 |
| prevalence of winter forms of anopheles annularis v. d. wulp (diptera:culicidae) in keonjhar district of orissa. | | 1988 | 3268592 |
| incrimination of anopheles culicifacies as vector of malaria in orissa. | | 1986 | 3530831 |
| observations on nocturnal activity and man biting habits of malaria vectors, anopheles fluviatilis, an. annularis and an. culicifacies in the hill tracts of koraput district, orissa, india. | biting and feeding behavior of malaria vectors were studied in nine villages (5 from jeypore zone and 4 from malkangiri zone) of koraput district. man biting catches comprised of 16 anopheline species including the incriminated vectors of this area: an. fluviatilis, an. annularis and an. culicifacies. an. fluviatilis was predominant and biting of this species recorded indoors throughout the year in both the zones. the period, during which the biting activity peaked, was different between the two ... | 1994 | 7825011 |
| age composition, natural survival and population growth of anopheles fluviatilis james, 1902, the major malaria vector in the endemic belt of koraput district, orissa, india. | the population growth of anopheles fluviatilis, the major malaria vector, was studied in the hill tracts of koraput district. immature duration ranged from 11 to 14 days (mean = 12.42 +/- 0.99) in rainy and 12 to 17 days (mean = 14.78 +/- 1.64) in cold season. the probability of immature survival through different developmental stages was maximal in ponds. daily survival rate of adults fluctuated between 0.55 and 0.92. the net reproductive rate (ro) was estimated to be 3.0200 for cold and 0.6486 ... | 1994 | 7825013 |
| reliability of light trap sampling for anopheles fluviatilis, a vector of malaria. | the utility of light traps for sampling anopheles fluviatilis, the major malaria vector in the hill tracts of koraput district, orissa, was assessed. a modified version of the cdc miniature light trap was used in the study. the data generated from light trap collections were analysed and compared with daytime resting, man-biting and night resting collections carried out in parallel. the number per trap recorded in cattle sheds was significantly higher than that recorded in human dwellings. a sim ... | 1994 | 7863849 |
| seasonality of indoor resting mosquitoes in a broken-forest ecosystem of north-western orissa. | the seasonal prevalence and indoor resting habits of mosquitoes in a broken-forest ecosystem of orissa, which is known to be endemic for malaria and bancroftian filariasis, have been studied. a total of 15 anopheline spp., 9 culex spp. and one each of aedes, armigeres and mansonia, were collected. major species with perennial occurrence were anopheles culicifacies, an. subpictus, an. annularis, an. vagus, an. pallidus, an. nigerrimus, culex quinquefasciatus and cx. tritaeniorhynchus. these speci ... | 1993 | 7907552 |
| studies on dispersal of malaria vectors in a hilly tract of koraput district, orissa state, india. | dispersal of malaria vectors was studied in a hilltop village in koraput, a highly malarious district of orissa. immatures from terraced stream beds and day-time resting adults from artificially dug pit shelters, distributed centrifugally at different distances from the village were sampled. breeding of anopheles fluviatilis, an. annularis and an. culicifacies was found up to a distance of 1,700 m. immature density of an. fluviatilis and an. culicifacies showed a negative correlation with the di ... | 1993 | 8160061 |
| lambdacyhalothrin treated bed nets as an alternative method of malaria control in tribal villages of koraput district, orissa state, india. | a village scale trial was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of bed-nets impregnated with lambdacyhalothrin, at the dose of 0.025 g/m2, in reducing malaria transmission in villages of koraput district of orissa, india, inhabited by tribals. the nets were distributed before peak transmission season. there was an overall decline in the parasite rate in all the age groups, six months after the supply of impregnated nets while the same increased in control village and in a village where untreated ... | 1993 | 8160062 |
| hut-scale trial of pyraclofos against malaria vectors in malkangiri district of orissa. | a hut-scale trial of pyraclofos 50% ec applied as an indoor residual spray at 1 gm/sq m was carried out against malaria vectors. anopheles fluviatilis and an. culicifacies in kandhaguda village of malkangiri district, orissa. bandhaguda village was kept as control. pyraclofos was effective in reducing the vector density by 80-96% after 24 h of spray, but the density increased within three weeks. parity rates were reduced only for three weeks as measured by diurnal indoor resting collection. cont ... | 1996 | 8690128 |
| evaluation of lambdacyhalothrin-impregnated bednets in a malaria endemic area of india. part 1. implementation and acceptability of the trial. | in malaria endemic forested villages in orissa state, india, a 3-year comparison of nylon nets treated with lambdacyhalothrin at 25 mg/m2, untreated nets, and no nets was carried out. treated nets retained high insecticidal efficacy for more than 7 months. nets washed after 3 months of use gave 98% kill in a bioassay with a 3-min exposure. based on these bioassays during the first year, nets were later reimpregnated at 6-monthly intervals with participation of the users. compliance with the use ... | 1998 | 10084137 |
| evaluation of lambdacyhalothrin-impregnated bednets in a malaria endemic area of india. part 2. impact on malaria vectors. | in malaria endemic villages of the indian state of orissa, the impact of bednets treated with lambdacyhalothrin at 25 mg/m2 on malaria vectors was assessed during a 3-year intervention trial beginning in may 1990. the main malaria vector was anopheles culicifacies with a small contribution from anopheles fluviatilis. the impregnated bednets caused a significant reduction in vector density as assessed by morning indoor resting catches, man-biting rate, light trapping, the proportion of females en ... | 1998 | 10084138 |
| some aspects of changing behaviour of malaria vectors in tribal areas of india. | the field entomological studies and surveys carried out in 72 tribal districts out of 100 in seven penninsular states namely, andhra pradesh, bihar, gujarat, madhya pradesh, maharashtra, orissa and rajasthan indicated that in most of the areas the vector mosquitoes encountered during the present study were almost the same as recorded by the earlier workers except that anopheles fluviatilis james, 1902 was recorded in the areas of district raipur, durg, bilaspur, raigarh, shahdol, rajnandgaon, ba ... | 1998 | 10810568 |
| studies on anopheles fluviatilis and anopheles culicifacies sibling species in relation to malaria in forested hilly and deforested riverine ecosystems in northern orissa, india. | in a malaria-endemic region in northwestern orissa, india, a longitudinal study was undertaken to delineate information on the sibling species of anopheles fluviatilis and anopheles culicifacies and their bionomics and role in malaria transmission in forested and deforested ecosystems. in forested villages, an. fluviatilis sibling species s (97.97%) and t (2.02%) were present. the former was highly anthropophagic (human blood index 0.88). among the sibling species of an. culicifacies, species b ... | 2000 | 11081646 |
| disappearance of malaria vector anopheles sundaicus from chilika lake area of orissa state in india. | malaria has declined around chilika lake (85 degrees 20'e, 19 degrees 40'n) in orissa state, india, from hyperendemicity in the 1930s to hypoendemicity during recent decades. six decades ago, 21 spp. of anopheles mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) were recorded from this area, including the well known indian malaria vectors an. culicifacies giles, an. fluviatilis james, an. maculatus theobald, an. stephensi liston and an. sundaicus (rodenwaldt), the last formerly regarded as the main vector locally ... | 2000 | 11129711 |
| deltamethrin treated bednets for control of malaria transmitted by anopheles culicifacies (diptera: culicidae) in india. | in a malaria endemic area in orissa state in eastern india baseline (november 1989 to october 1990) malaria incidence ranged front 215 to 328 cases/1,000 population/yr in different groups of villages. in november 1990, nylon bednets treated with deltamethrin at 25 mg/m2 were given out in two villages (population 1062), untreated bednets were given out in five villages (population 1,226) and in one village (population 786) nets were not given. nets were retreated in october 1991 and june 1992 in ... | 2001 | 11580032 |
| serological appraisal of malaria status in tribal area of orissa, india. | a cross-sectional seroepidemiological study conducted in 173 tribal residents (including all age groups) from three villages of sundergarh district of orissa using elisa as a tool revealed high levels of antibody titres against both ar1 and pf antigens. the mean +/- s.d. elisa o.d. obtained for ar1 were 0.73 +/- 0.2, 1.037 +/- 0.196, 1.05 +/- 0.42 and for pf, 0.70 +/- 0.2, 1.0 +/- 0.28, 0.94 +/- 0.4 respectively for badramoli, jharbeda and boneikela population. parasitological results showed hig ... | 2001 | 12125520 |
| impact of alphacypermethrin treated bed nets on malaria in villages of malkangiri district, orissa, india. | the impact of use of bed-nets treated with alphacypermethrin, at 20 mg (ai)/m2, in comparison to untreated nets or no nets on malaria vectors and malaria incidence was studied in tribal villages of malkangiri district, orissa state, india, which are highly endemic for falciparum malaria. treated or untreated nets were supplied to the villagers in june 1999 and the nets were re-treated in september 1999, just before the rise in vector abundance and malaria incidence. the seasonal pattern of indoo ... | 2003 | 14636983 |
| role of modified cdc miniature light-traps as an alternative method for sampling adult anophelines (diptera: culicidae) in the national mosquito surveillance programme in india. | the efficiency of modified cdc miniature light-traps for sampling adult mosquitoes was evaluated in comparison with indoor resting, outdoor resting, indoor man-landing and outdoor man-landing collections in the hilly district of koraput, orissa, india. overall, light-traps captured 78% of adult mosquitoes collected by all methods. of the 16 anopheline species recorded in the study area, light-traps effectively sampled 13, contributing about 72% of the total anophelines collected by all methods. ... | 2004 | 14972050 |
| epidemiology of malaria transmission and development of natural immunity in a malaria-endemic village, san dulakudar, in orissa state, india. | we describe the epidemiology of malaria in san dulakudar, a village in sundargarh district in the state of orissa in eastern india. malaria transmission is perennial with plasmodium falciparum, accounting for greater than 80% of malaria cases. transmission intensity varies with season with high transmission after the monsoon rains in autumn and winter, low transmission in summer, and intermediate transmission in spring. the anthropophagic mosquito anopheles fluviatilis was identified as the main ... | 2004 | 15516643 |
| ddt indoor residual spray, still an effective tool to control anopheles fluviatilis-transmitted plasmodium falciparum malaria in india. | this study from two districts of orissa state which are endemic for plasmodium falciparum transmitted by anopheles fluviatilis and a. culicifacies investigated the impact of dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (ddt) indoor residual spraying, in view of the ongoing discussion on phasing out ddt in india. based on their high annual parasite incidence and logistical considerations, 26 villages in malkangiri and 28 in koraput district were selected for ddt spraying. for comparison, six and four unspray ... | 2005 | 15679559 |
| mosquitoes of the mangrove forests of india: part 1--bhitarkanika, orissa. | in this first paper of a series on mosquitoes of the mangrove forests of india, details of mosquito species recorded in bhitarkanika, orissa, are presented. forty-three species of mosquitoes belonging to 21 subgenera and 13 genera, aedes, anopheles, armigeres, coquillettidia, culex, ficalbia, heizmannia, lutzia, mansonia, ochlerotatus, toxorhynchites, uranotaenia, and verrallina, were recorded. predominant larval habitat was the tree holes, from which 15 species were taken. adults were mostly fo ... | 2005 | 16033113 |
| village-scale evaluation of mosquito nets treated with a tablet formulation of deltamethrin against malaria vectors. | a field trial was carried out in the sundargarh district of orissa, india on the efficacy of mosquito nets treated with a tablet formulation of deltamethrin (k-o tab) against malaria vectors. treated nets were used in one village, and in the two control villages, one used untreated nets and the other used indoor spraying with ddt, without nets. in this area the primary malaria vectors are anopheles culicifacies giles sensu lato (diptera: culicidae) and an. fluviatilis james s.l., which are both ... | 2005 | 16134977 |
| epidemiology of malaria transmission in forest and plain ecotype villages in sundargarh district, orissa, india. | a study of the epidemiology of malaria transmission was undertaken in 13 tribal villages located in forest and plain areas of sundargarh district of orissa state, india, from january 2001 to december 2003. in forest areas, intense transmission of malaria is attributed to the highly anthropophagic vector anopheles fluviatilis sibling species s and is complemented by a. culicifacies sibling species c. in plain areas, a. culicifacies sibling species c is responsible for malaria transmission. the en ... | 2006 | 16697022 |
| detection of plasmodium falciparum infection in anopheles mosquitoes from keonjhar district, orissa, india. | | 2006 | 17175705 |
| host feeding patterns of malaria vectors of orissa, india. | blood meals of 1,491 anopheles fluviatilis sensu lato (s.l.), 1,690 an. culicifacies s.l., 719 an. annularis s.l., and 358 an. varuna sensu stricto were examined by gel diffusion method. the overall anthropophilic index (ai) was 78.9%, 1.6%, 3.2%, and 6.7% for an. fluviatilis, an. culicifacies, an. annularis, and an. varuna, respectively. out of 4 anopheline species studied, only 0.2% of an. culicifacies blood meals contained blood from humans and cattle. anopheles fluviatilis and an. culicifaci ... | 2006 | 17304929 |
| insecticide treated mosquito nets for malaria control in india-experience from a tribal area on operational feasibility and uptake. | the study assessed the operational feasibility and acceptability of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (itns) in one primary health centre (phc) in a falciparum malaria endemic district in the state of orissa, india, where 74% of the people are tribes and ddt indoor residual spraying had been withdrawn and itns introduced by the national vector borne disease control programme. to a population of 63,920, 24,442 itns were distributed free of charge through 101 treatment centers during july-august 2 ... | 2008 | 18392548 |
| identification of anopheles fauna in a hyperendemic falciparum area of orissa state, india. | keonjhar district of orissa state has been hyperendemic for falciparum malaria since many years with alarming deaths due to cerebral malaria. therefore an entomological investigation to know more about the relative prevalence of anopheles species was done. | 2008 | 18403797 |
| building small dams can decrease malaria: a comparative study from sundargarh district, orissa, india. | the adverse health effect of environmental changes brought about with the construction of large and small dams has often been reported. here, we present results of a 5-year (2001-2005) study documenting the positive effect of such developmental projects in reducing malaria in an area where malaria transmission is mainly due to the highly efficient anthropophagic vector anopheles fluviatilis with some contribution from anopheles culicifacies. the former breeds exclusively in the slow-flowing stre ... | 2008 | 18585671 |
| field evaluation of a previously untested strain of biolarvicide (bacillus thuringiensis israelensis h14) for mosquito control in an urban area of orissa, india. | a previously untested strain of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (bti) serotype h14 (id no. vcrc b17) has been evaluated under field conditions in an urban area of rourkela city, india for its impact on the larval density of different mosquito species in a variety of habitats. the persistence of the biolarvicide used in an aqueous solution varied in different habitats. the lowest field application rate of 0.5 ml/m2 remained effective for about 10-12 days and provided 80-100% reduction in larva ... | 2008 | 18939694 |
| impact of lambdacyhalothrin capsule suspension treated bed nets on malaria in tribal villages of malkangiri district, orissa, india. | insecticide treated mosquito nets are increasingly being used in malaria control programmes. one of the problems with the treatment of bed nets with conventional formulations of insecticides was that regular washing of treated nets diminish insecticidal effect. lambdacyhalothrin 2.5 capsule suspension (cs) (2.5% a.i., w/v), a new water-based microencapsulated formulation is reported to have wash-resistant property and longer persistence on the netting material than other formulations. we evaluat ... | 2008 | 19052336 |
| field evaluation of olyset nets: a long-lasting insecticidal net against malaria vectors anopheles culicifacies and anopheles fluviatilis in a hyperendemic tribal area of orissa, india. | a village-scale trial was conducted on the efficacy of olyset nets: a long-lasting insecticidal net (llin) factory treated with 2% wt:wt permethrin against malaria vectors anopheles culicifacies giles and anopheles fluviatilis james, in sundargarh district, orissa, india. the study area comprised 22 villages that were randomized into three clusters and designated as olyset net, untreated net, and no net clusters. baseline studies showed that both vector species were 100% susceptible to permethri ... | 2009 | 19351086 |
| a unique methodology for detecting the spread of chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum, in previously unreported areas, by analyzing anophelines of malaria endemic zones of orissa, india. | generally, clinical data is referred to study drug-resistance patterns of plasmodium falciparum in an area. this is only possible after a clear manifestation of drug-resistance parasites inside the human host, and thereafter detection by healthcare persons. the detection of spread of drug-resistant p. falciparum in a population, before any pathological symptoms detected in humans is possible by analyzing the anopheline vectors, transmitting malaria. in the present study we implemented a new stra ... | 2009 | 19460311 |
| efficacy of permethrin treated long-lasting insecticidal nets on malaria transmission and observations on the perceived side effects, collateral benefits and human safety in a hyperendemic tribal area of orissa, india. | studies were conducted on the efficacy of olyset nets-a long-lasting insecticidal net (llin) factory treated with 2% (w/w) permethrin on malaria transmission in an area under the influence of pyrethroid susceptible vector species anopheles culicifacies and a. fluviatilis in sundargarh district, orissa, india. the study area comprised 22 villages that were randomized into three clusters and designated as olyset net, untreated net, and no net area. malaria incidence in the study population was mea ... | 2009 | 19647715 |
| vectorial role of anopheles subpictus grassi and anopheles culicifacies giles in angul district, orissa, india. | malaria transmission by anopheles subpictus grassi, 1899 and anopheles culicifacies giles, 1901 was studied from march 2004 to february 2007 in angul district, orissa, india, which is highly endemic for malaria. adult mosquitoes were collected from human dwellings using sucking tubes and a mechanical aspirator. after identification, some an. subpictus and an. culicifacies specimens were subjected to a precipitin test to determine their anthropophilic index and the remaining samples were preserve ... | 2009 | 19842403 |
| field evaluation of zerofly--an insecticide incorporated plastic sheeting against malaria vectors & its impact on malaria transmission in tribal area of northern orissa. | insecticide incorporated plastic sheeting is a new technology to control mosquitoes in emergency shelter places and also temporary habitations in different locations. therefore, field studies were conducted to assess the efficacy of zerofly plastic sheeting treated with deltamethrin on prevailing disease vectors anopheles culicifacies and an. fluviatilis and its impact on malaria transmission in one of the highly endemic areas of orissa. | 2009 | 19942752 |
| presence of two alternative kdr-like mutations, l1014f and l1014s, and a novel mutation, v1010l, in the voltage gated na+ channel of anopheles culicifacies from orissa, india. | knockdown resistance in insects resulting from mutation(s) in the voltage gated na+ channel (vgsc) is one of the mechanisms of resistance against ddt and pyrethroids. recently a point mutation leading to leu-to-phe substitution in the vgsc at residue 1014, a most common kdr mutation in insects, was reported in anopheles culicifacies-a major malaria vector in the indian subcontinent. this study reports the presence of two additional amino acid substitutions in the vgsc of an an. culicifacies popu ... | 2010 | 20509922 |