| microsatellite dna variation in bornean orangutans (pongo pygmaeus). | orangutans (pongo pygmaeus) on the islands of borneo and sumatra are considered two separate subspecies. however, the genetic relationships between isolated populations on borneo are not clear. this study determined the extent of variation within the bornean subspecies of orangutan, using microsatellite dna analysis. blood samples were collected from 96 individuals of known origin from east, west and central kalimantan. human microsatellite primer pairs located at human map position d2s141, d4s4 ... | 2000 | 10950452 |
| population subdivision and gene flow among wild orangutans. | genetic variability among populations of orangutans from borneo and sumatra was assessed using seven ssr loci. most ssr loci were highly polymorphic and their allele frequencies exhibited substantial variation across subpopulations. while significant genetic subdivision was observed among the island populations, genetic distance did not increase with geographic distance and sufficient gene flow persists to prevent marked genetic subdivision. since it is unlikely that the bornean orangutans dispe ... | 2002 | 12426465 |
| foraging and ranging behavior during a fallback episode: hylobates albibarbis and pongo pygmaeus wurmbii compared. | periodic episodes of food scarcity may highlight the adaptive value of certain anatomical traits, particularly those that facilitate the acquisition and digestion of exigent fallback foods. to better understand the selective pressures that favored the distinctive dental and locomotor morphologies of gibbons and orangutans, we examined the foraging and ranging behavior of sympatric hylobates albibarbis and pongo pygmaeus wurmbii during an episode of low fruit availability at tuanan, kalimantan te ... | 2009 | 19890870 |
| locomotor behavior of wild orangutans (pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) in disturbed peat swamp forest, sabangau, central kalimantan, indonesia. | this study examined the locomotor behavior of wild bornean orangutans (p. p. wurmbii) in an area of disturbed peat swamp forest (sabangau catchment, indonesia) in relation to the height in the canopy, age-sex class, behavior (feeding or traveling), and the number of supports used to bear body mass. backward elimination log-linear modeling was employed to expose the main influences on orangutan locomotion. our results showed that the most important distinctions with regard to locomotion were betw ... | 2011 | 21469074 |
| meat-eating by a wild bornean orang-utan (pongo pygmaeus). | we present the first evidence for consumption of meat by a wild bornean orang-utan (pongo pygmaeus). meat-eating has been reported in sumatran orang-utans, specifically the hunting and consumption of slow lorises (nycticebus coucang), but loris-hunting behaviour has not been observed in the bornean species and meat of any species is essentially absent from their diet, with only two anecdotal reports of vertebrate meat consumption prior to this current finding in over 40 years of study. in august ... | 2015 | 26298471 |
| the risk of disease to great apes: simulating disease spread in orang-utan (pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) and chimpanzee (pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) association networks. | all great ape species are endangered, and infectious diseases are thought to pose a particular threat to their survival. as great ape species vary substantially in social organisation and gregariousness, there are likely to be differences in susceptibility to disease types and spread. understanding the relation between social variables and disease is therefore crucial for implementing effective conservation measures. here, we simulate the transmission of a range of diseases in a population of or ... | 2014 | 24740263 |
| why do orangutans leave the trees? terrestrial behavior among wild bornean orangutans (pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) at tuanan, central kalimantan. | orangutans (genus pongo) are the largest arboreal mammals, but bornean orangutans (p. pygmaeus spp.) also spend time on the ground. here, we investigate ground use among orangutans using 32,000 hr of direct focal animal observations from a well-habituated wild population of bornean orangutans (p. p. wurmbii) living in a closed-canopy swamp forest at tuanan, central kalimantan, indonesia. ground use did not change with increasing observation time of well-habituated individuals, suggesting it was ... | 2015 | 26317698 |
| endocrinological correlates of male bimaturism in wild bornean orangutans. | among primates, orangutans are unique in having pronounced male bimaturism leading to two fully adult morphs that differ in both physical appearance and behavior. while unflanged males have a female-like appearance, flanged males have the full suite of secondary sexual characteristics, including cheek flanges and a large throat sac. so far, hormonal correlates of arrested development in unflanged males and the expression of secondary sexual characteristics in flanged males have only been studied ... | 2015 | 26235914 |
| validation of an acoustic location system to monitor bornean orangutan (pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) long calls. | the long call is an important vocal communication signal in the widely dispersed, semi-solitary orangutan. long calls affect individuals' ranging behavior and mediate social relationships and regulate encounters between dispersed individuals in a dense rainforest. the aim of this study was to test the utility of an acoustic location system (als) for recording and triangulating the loud calls of free-living primates. we developed and validated a data extraction protocol for an als used to record ... | 2015 | 25773926 |
| fine-scale habitat use by orang-utans in a disturbed peat swamp forest, central kalimantan, and implications for conservation management. | this study was conducted to see how orang-utans (pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) were coping with fine-scale habitat disturbance in a selectively logged peat swamp forest in central kalimantan, borneo. seven habitat classes were defined, and orang-utans were found to use all of these, but were selective in their preference for certain classes over others. overall, the tall forest classes (≥20 m) were preferred. they were preferred for feeding, irrespective of canopy connectivity, whereas classes with a ... | 2014 | 24861707 |
| reproductive parameters of female orangutans (pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) 1971-2011, a 40-year study at tanjung puting national park, central kalimantan, indonesia. | this study presents reproductive parameter data gathered by direct observation over a 40-year period (1971-2011) of the provisioned free-ranging population of orangutans at camp leakey in tanjung puting national park, central kalimantan, indonesia. age at first reproduction, interbirth interval (ibi), sex ratio at birth, and infant mortality for 19 female orangutans (11 first-generation wild-born ex-captive mothers and 8 second-generation mothers) are included in this analysis. age at first repr ... | 2013 | 23053615 |