| detection of broadly distributed sodium channel alleles characteristic of insect pyrethroid resistance in west nile virus vector culex pipiens complex mosquitoes in the united states. | west nile virus (wnv) has emerged as a health threat to the north american population since its initial outbreak in new york city in 1999. culex (culex) pipiens complex mosquitoes have been considered to play the primary role in the enzootic maintenance and transmission of wnv in north america. the voltage-gated sodium channel (nach) gene contains pyrethroid resistance-associated mutations in the coding region in many insect species. however, the knowledge of potential nach mutations was minimal ... | 2009 | 19351083 |