| comparative susceptibility of anopheline mosquitoes in rondonia, brazil to infection by plasmodium vivax. | seven anopheline species from costa marques, rondonia, brazil were compared with anopheles darlingi for susceptibility to infection by plasmodium vivax. laboratory-reared f1 progeny of field-collected an. darlingi and the test anopheline species were fed at the same time on the same patients, all of whom had gametocytes in peripheral blood before treatment. mosquitoes were dissected on day 8 after infection for oocysts and on days 14-16 after infection for sporozoites. the mean numbers of p. viv ... | 1991 | 1951854 |
| infection of anopheles darlingi fed on patients infected with plasmodium vivax before and during treatment with chloroquine in costa marques, rondonia, brazil. | patients with asexual and sexual parasites of plasmodium vivax were treated orally with 600 mg of chloroquine diphosphate at hour zero, followed by 300 mg at 8, 24 and 48 hr. anopheles darlingi were fed before the first dose (-0.5 hr) and at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 20, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hr later. mosquitoes were examined for oocysts on day 8 and sporozoites on day 15 after infection. the frequency of infected mosquitoes and the mean number of oocysts were lower in mosquitoes that ... | 1991 | 1951855 |
| natural malaria infections in anophelines in rondonia state, brazilian amazon. | the use of an immunoassay for the detection of plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax circumsporozoite (cs) antigens in anophelines has recently incriminated other malaria vectors besides anopheles darlingi in the brazilian amazon. in this study we analyzed 12,336 field-collected anophelines from endemic areas in rondonia for plasmodial infection. sixty-one specimens from 6 species were positive: 47 an. darlingi, 5 an. triannulatus, 4 an. albitarsis, 2 an. braziliensis, 2 an. strodei, and 1 an. oswa ... | 1990 | 2200290 |
| a field trial with lambda-cyhalothrin (icon) for the intradomiciliary control of malaria transmitted by anopheles darlingi root in rondonia, brazil. | a two stage field trial comparing the effects of lambdacyhalothrin (icon) and ddt when used as residual sprays on the inside surfaces of houses, was conducted in the machadinho and jaru areas of rodonia, brazil, in 1987 and 1988. in 1987 houses along two 16 km contiguous stretches of a main and a side road were sprayed and the effects on malaria vectors monitored for the succeeding year. in the second stage approximately 55,000 houses in both districts were sprayed with icon and the effect on ma ... | 1995 | 8546036 |
| prompt mating of released anopheles darlingi in western amazonian brazil. | to identify times and sites of mating, 1- and 2-day-old virgin female anopheles darlingi were marked with fluorescent dusts and released at dusk, midnight or dawn in a village on the outskirts of porto velho, rondônia state, brazil. dissections of marked females captured at human baits revealed that mating occurred in less than 2 h after dusk releases near houses, and among these early recaptures, older females were significantly more likely to be inseminated. we suggest that mating shortly afte ... | 1998 | 9673925 |
| the epidemiology of malaria in rondonia (western amazon region, brazil): study of a riverine population. | we report on a longitudinal study concerning the incidence of malaria in a riverine population (portuchuelo) settled on the riverbanks of rio madeira, in the state of rondonia, brazil. we found the incidence of malaria to be seasonal, prevailing in the dry months of june and july. the annual parasite index (api) was 292/1000 inhabitants, almost three times that of the state of rondonia for the same period. in contrast with other studied rondonian populations, malaria in portuchuelo was more prev ... | 1999 | 9924956 |
| analysis of its2 dna sequences from brazilian anopheles darlingi (diptera: culicidae). | specimens of anopheles darlingi root, the major vector of malaria in brazil, were collected from several states in brazil: sao paulo (dourado), bahia (itabela), rondônia (porto velho), roraima (boa vista), and acre (plácido de castro). sequence divergence in the 2nd internal transcribed spacer (its2) was examined. the its2 sequences of mosquitoes captured in the amazon region (porto velho, boa vista and plácido de castro) and in the northeast of brazil (itabela) were almost identical; however, a ... | 1999 | 10534960 |
| a new challenge for malaria control in brazil: asymptomatic plasmodium infection--a review. | the evolution of malaria in brazil, its morbidity, the malaria control programs, and the new challenges for these programs in the light of the emergence of asymptomatic infection in the amazon region of brazil were reviewed. at least six brazilian research groups have demonstrated that asymptomatic infection by plasmodium is an important impediment to malaria control, among mineral prospectors in mato grosso and riverside communities in rondônia and, in our group, in the middle and upper reaches ... | 2006 | 16862314 |
| mosquito abundance and behavior in the influence area of the hydroelectric complex on the madeira river, western amazon, brazil. | malaria is currently highly prevalent and restricted to the north of brazil, and its dynamics are severely affected by human environmental changes, such as the large dam construction recently approved by the brazilian government in rondônia. we studied the mosquito fauna and behavior before hydroelectric construction. mosquitoes were captured by human landing catches on the riversides of the madeira river in porto velho, rondônia. a total of 3121 mosquitoes from eight different genera were colle ... | 2009 | 18952248 |
| anti-anopheles darlingi saliva antibodies as marker of plasmodium vivax infection and clinical immunity in the brazilian amazon. | despite governmental and private efforts on providing malaria control, this disease continues to be a major health threat. thus, innovative strategies are needed to reduce disease burden. the malaria vectors, through the injection of saliva into the host skin, play important role on disease transmission and may influence malaria morbidity. this study describes the humoral immune response against anopheles (an.) darlingi saliva in volunteers from the brazilian amazon and addresses the association ... | 2009 | 19500362 |
| filamentous fungi associated with mosquito larvae (diptera: culicidae) in municipalities of the brazilian amazon. | several species of the family culicidae are important vectors of diseases in humans and other animals. immature stages are filter-feeders of organic particulate matter and microorganisms. studies on microbial diversity can contribute to the discovery of new substances that can be used in the pharmaceutical industry for food or for biological control. the aim of this study was to isolate and identify the fungi associated with culicidae larvae found in different habitats (natural and artificial), ... | 2009 | 19618051 |
| malaria in brazil: an overview. | malaria is still a major public health problem in brazil, with approximately 306,000 registered cases in 2009, but it is estimated that in the early 1940s, around six million cases of malaria occurred each year. as a result of the fight against the disease, the number of malaria cases decreased over the years and the smallest numbers of cases to-date were recorded in the 1960s. from the mid-1960s onwards, brazil underwent a rapid and disorganized settlement process in the amazon and this migrato ... | 2010 | 20433744 |
| salivary polytene chromosome map of anopheles darlingi, the main vector of neotropical malaria. | new photomap of anopheles (nyssorhynchus) darlingi root, 1926, is described for a population from guajará-mirim, state of rondonia, brazil. the number of sections in the previous a. darlingi reference map was maintained and new subsections were added to the five chromosome arms. breakage points of paracentric inversions had been previously incorporated into the photomap of this species. an additional inversion is reported, called 3lc, totaling 14 inversions in the a. darlingi chromosome arms. th ... | 2010 | 20682862 |
| population structure of the malaria vector anopheles darlingi in rondônia, brazilian amazon, based on mitochondrial dna. | anopheles darlingi is the most important brazilian malaria vector, with a widespread distribution in the amazon forest. effective strategies for vector control could be better developed through knowledge of its genetic structure and gene flow among populations, to assess the vector diversity and competence in transmitting plasmodium. the aim of this study was to assess the genetic diversity of an. darlingi collected at four locations in porto velho, by sequencing a fragment of the nd4 mitochondr ... | 2007 | 18209934 |
| population genetic structure of the major malaria vector anopheles darlingi (diptera: culicidae) from the brazilian amazon, using microsatellite markers. | the population genetic structure of anopheles darlingi, the major human malaria vector in the neotropics, was examined using seven microsatellite loci from nine localities in central and western amazonian brazil. high levels of genetic variability were detected (5-25 alleles per locus; h e = 0.519-0.949). there was deviation from hardy-weinberg equilibrium for 59.79% of the tests due to heterozygote deficits, while the analysis of linkage disequilibrium was significant for only two of 189 (1.05% ... | 2007 | 17568937 |
| malaria risk on the amazon frontier. | frontier malaria is a biological, ecological, and sociodemographic phenomenon operating over time at three spatial scales (micro/individual, community, and state and national). we explicate these linkages by integrating data from remote sensing surveys, ground-level surveys and ethnographic appraisal, focusing on the machadinho settlement project in rondônia, brazil. spatially explicit analyses reveal that the early stages of frontier settlement are dominated by environmental risks, consequentia ... | 2006 | 16461902 |
| seasonal malaria transmission and variation of anopheline density in two distinct endemic areas in brazilian amazonia. | studies on seasonal anopheline fauna variation were performed in two distinct settlements in the state of rondônia, brazil: one at the madeira river banks (portuchuelo) with stable native amazonian population; the other at an inland lumber-extracting farm (urupá) in dry land, in which adults are mostly migrants. during a 6-yr period (1994-2000), 8,638 adult anophelines were collected: 2,684 in urupá and 5,954 in portuchuelo. anopheles darlingi represented >95% of total mosquitoes caught. dissect ... | 2003 | 14596276 |
| [seasonal distribution of malaria vectors in machadinho d'oeste, rondônia state, amazon region, brazil]. | the objective of this study was to describe the seasonal distribution of malaria vectors in machadinho d'oeste, rondônia state, brazil. the study was based on data from the brazilian national health foundation (funasa) for the period from april 1993 to november 1994. a total of 97 field visits were conducted, and 93 intradomiciliary and 95 peridomiciliary collections were performed. the most frequently captured species in both the intra- and peridomiciles was anopheles darlingi, followed by anop ... | 2002 | 12488912 |
| [variation of anopheles density with deltamethrin-impregnated mosquito nets in an endemic malaria area of the brazilian amazon]. | in 1992 a survey on the use of deltamethrin-impregnated mosquito nets was conducted in the municipality of costa marques, rondonia. in the intradomicile, impregnated nets decreased the vector density at rates similar to those for non-impregnated nets during low-transmission periods; during high anopheline density periods, they led to a significant reduction in vector density, while in the non-impregnated net group there was an increase in the number of anophelines captured. there was no change i ... | 1999 | 10409781 |
| capture-recapture studies with the south american malaria vector anopheles darlingi, root. | a capture-recapture experiment was undertaken in october 1987, in the jaru district of rondonia, brazil, with the malaria vector anopheles darlingi. on two consecutive nights, 160 blood-fed, 78 unfed biting and 81 unfed resting mosquitoes were released. recapture rates of 12-19% and survival rates of 0.59-0.57 per oviposition cycle were obtained for all releases, indicating that blood-feeding was not an obstacle for this population, which had a high vectorial capacity. two a. darlingi were colle ... | 1989 | 2619371 |
| anopheline species, some of their habits and relation to malaria in endemic areas of rondônia state, amazon region of brazil. | in view of recent studies incriminating several species of anophelines, besides anopheles darlingi, as malaria vectors in the brazilian amazon, we performed an anopheline survey in four localities--ariquemes, cujubim, machadinho and itapoã do oeste--in rondônia, the most malarious state in the country. twenty species were found. an. darlingi was, by far, the dominant species and the only one whose density coincided with that of malaria. on human baits it was more numerous in the immediate vicini ... | 1989 | 2487447 |
| seasonal distribution and biting patterns of anopheles mosquitoes in costa marques, rondonia, brazil. | thirteen species of anopheline mosquitoes were collected in all-night human-bait indoor and outdoor collections at 5 houses from july 1986 through december 1987 in and near the town of costa marques, rondonia, brazil. anopheles darlingi and an. deaneorum accounted for more than 92 and 6%, respectively, of all anophelines collected from human-bait outside houses and 90 and 9%, respectively, inside houses in the town. the diversity of anophelines was greater in human-bait collections in rural area ... | 1990 | 2098481 |
| biting behavior of anopheles mosquitoes in costa marques, rondonia, brazil. | mosquito collections were made in and near costa marques, rondonia, brazil, to determine anopheline anthropophilic/zoophilic behavior. collections from a non-illuminated, bovine-baited trap and indoor and outdoor human-bait collections were compared. anopheles darlingi and anopheles deaneorum were more anthropophilic than the other anophelines collected. the remainder of the anopheles species were collected much more frequently in bovine-baited traps than in human-bait collections. anopheles dar ... | 1991 | 1815282 |
| [periodicity of capture of the anopheles darlingi root (diptera: culicidae) in porto velho, rondônia, brazil]. | anopheles darlingi root is the principal malaria vector in amazonia region. the objectives of this work were to study the periodicity of anopheles darlingi root, the host preference for peri or extra-domestic environments and the parous rate in four field sites in porto velho (ro) by human-landing. all of the anopheles specimens collected were identified, but only a. darlingi was dissected for the parous study. the results showed that human-landing colleted a total of 985 anophelines, with a. da ... | 2009 | 19943019 |