| prevalence and association of human papillomavirus 16, epstein-barr virus, herpes simplex virus-1 and cytomegalovirus infection with human esophageal carcinoma: a case-control study. | recent research shows esophageal carcinoma (ec) as the ninth most common malignancy in the world. the association of viral infection and ec has been reported in the last 30 years. however, geographic variation in infection rates and the key mechanisms of the viral action have yet to be resolved. this study aimed to determine the prevalence and association of human papillomavirus 16 (hpv-16), herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1), epstein-barr virus (ebv) and cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection in the etiol ... | 2011 | 21455581 |