| an update on the distribution of parelaphostrongylus tenuis in the southeastern united states. | an update is presented on the distribution of the meningeal worm (parelaphostrongylus tenuis) of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in the southeastern united states. the parasite is widely distributed and common in all or much of arkansas, kentucky, louisiana, maryland, north carolina, tennessee, virginia and west virginia. it is also common in the northern half of alabama and georgia. in contrast, it is rare or absent along the atlantic and gulf coastal plains of alabama, georgia, miss ... | 1991 | 2067060 |
| proposed field evaluation of a rabies recombinant vaccine for raccoons (procyon lotor): site selection, target species characteristics, and placebo baiting trials. | prior to a limited field application of an orally-administered vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein (v-rg) recombinant virus vaccine for wildlife, background data were obtained for the proposed site on parramore island, virginia (usa). mammalian target and nontarget species, potentially at risk for exposure to vaccine were inventoried. placebo baiting trials with a fishmeal polymer bait resulted in high bait disturbance (88 to 100%), primarily by raccoons (procyon lotor), with infrequent visitation and ... | 1989 | 2810556 |
| babesia odocoilei emerson and wright, 1970 in white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus (zimmermann), in virginia. | pooled blood samples from six white-tailed deer from the great dismal swamp in virginia were inoculated into two splenectomized deer. a moderately severe clinical reaction ensued, characterized by a hemolytic anemia, and a babesia found in both recipient animals was presumptively identified as b. odocoilei. this is the first reported identification of this parasite in white-tailed deer in virginia. | 1985 | 3999247 |
| serologic evidence of jamestown canyon and keystone virus infection in vertebrates of the delmarva peninsula. | serological data accumulated during the past decade indicated that a variety of feral and domestic animals of the delaware-maryland-virginia (delmarva) peninsula were infected with jamestown canyon (jc) and/or keystone (key) viruses (bunyaviridae, california serogroup). neutralizing (n) antibody to jc virus was most prevalent in white-tailed deer, sika deer, cottontail rabbits and horses. key virus n antibody was detected most frequently in gray squirrels and domestic goats. n antibody indicativ ... | 1982 | 7149110 |
| host utilization and seasonal occurrence of dermacentor species (acari:ixodidae) in missouri, usa. | a total of 3,235 dermacentor variabilis (say) specimens were collected from birds, mammals, and by dragging vegetation, and 2,683 d. albipictus (packard) ticks were collected from deer from 1993 to 1996. peak seasonal occurrence of adult d. variabilis was from may through july with a precipitous decrease in august. nymphal d. variabilis populations peaked in june. peak activity of larvae was bimodal, with one activity peak during late summer (september) and a second peak in winter or early sprin ... | 2000 | 11201355 |
| molecular characterization of cryptosporidium sp. isolated from northern alaskan caribou (rangifer tarandus). | cryptosporidium sp. was found in 3 out of 49 caribou (rangifer tarandus) from northern alaska. segments of both the 18s ribosomal rna and the heat shock protein genes were amplified from the caribou isolate and compared with that obtained from an isolate from a wild white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in virginia as well as other species and isolates available from genbank. analyses showed the white-tailed deer isolate to be identical with the c. parvum cattle genotype; however, the carib ... | 2002 | 12053974 |
| culture and serologic survey for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection among southeastern white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | from july 1998 through october 2002, radiometric culture (ileocecal lymph node, mesenteric lymph node, and feces) and serologic testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were used to survey white-tailed deer (odocoilens virgianus) from the soutlheastern united states for infection by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb), the causative agent of paratuberculosis (johne's disease). mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis was isolated from the ileocecal lymph node of one ... | 2004 | 15362831 |
| isolation of neospora caninum from naturally infected white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | attempts were made to isolate neospora caninum from naturally infected white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). a total of 110 deer killed during the 2003 hunting season in virginia region were used for the isolation of n. caninum. of these, brains from 28 deer that had nat titer of 1:200 were inoculated into interferon-gamma gene knock out (ko) mice. n. caninum was isolated from the tissues of three deer and all three isolates were mildly virulent to ko mice. only one of the isolates could b ... | 2005 | 15845280 |
| parasitism among white-tailed deer and domestic sheep on common range. | parasitism was studied in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and domestic sheep (ovis aries) which shared a common range in eastern west virginia. of 30 species of internal parasites, 11 were found in deer and 22 in sheep. five parasites, sarcocystis sp., cysticercus tenuicollis, oesophagostomum venulosum, cooperia punctata, and gongylonema pulchrum, occurred in both deer and sheep. an index of similarity of 17.2 suggests that the parasite faunas of these hosts are distinct, and that it ... | 1976 | 16498882 |
| leptospiral antibodies in white-tailed deer of the southeastern united states. | serum samples from 1,544 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) collected in nine southeastern states were examined for leptospiral antibodies. significant titers of 1:100 or greater were found in 292 deer. the highest prevalence of leptospiral antibodies was in virginia, where 108 of 351 deer had significant titers. the most frequently encountered serotypes of leptospira interrogans were: grippotyphosa (210 positive), pomona (81), and canicola (26). other serotypes disclosed were australis ... | 1970 | 16512130 |
| johne's disease in a free-ranging white-tailed deer from virginia and subsequent surveillance for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | johne's disease (paratuberculosis) was diagnosed in a 2-yr-old, male, free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from fauquier county, virginia, usa, based on histopathology and culture for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. clinical and pathologic findings included emaciation; loss of body fat; chronic diarrhea; severe, chronic, diffuse granulomatous colitis with intrahistiocytic acid-fast bacilli; moderate, chronic granulomatous lymphadenitis with intrahistiocytic ac ... | 2009 | 19204350 |
| serological investigation of heartland virus (bunyaviridae: phlebovirus) exposure in wild and domestic animals adjacent to human case sites in missouri 2012-2013. | heartland virus (hrtv; bunyaviridae: phlebovirus) has recently emerged as a causative agent of human disease characterized by thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in the united states. the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum l.) has been implicated as a vector. to identify candidate vertebrate amplification hosts associated with enzootic maintenance of the virus, sera and ticks were sampled from 160 mammals (8 species) and 139 birds (26 species) captured near 2 human case residences in andrew and no ... | 2015 | 25870419 |
| diversity, seasonality, and context of mammalian roadkills in the southern great plains. | thousands of mammals are killed annually from vehicle collisions, making the issue an important one for conservation biologists and environmental managers. we recorded all readily identifiable kills on or immediately adjacent to roads in the southern great plains from march 2004-march 2007. we also recorded distance traveled, whether a road was paved or divided, the number of lanes, and prevailing habitat. surveys were opportunistic and were conducted by car during conditions of good visibility. ... | 2008 | 18299918 |
| molecular characterization of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1 associated with a 1999 epizootic in white-tailed deer in the eastern united states. | during the autumn of 1999 (mid-august-late september), an outbreak of hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) caused by epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1 (ehdv-1) occurred along the east coast of the united states from georgia to new jersey. an ehdv-1 epizootic of such magnitude had not been described in this region since 1975. to determine the genetic relatedness among the 1999 viruses, as well as among additional ehdv-1 isolates from the eastern and weste ... | 2006 | 17092892 |
| epizootiology of an epizootic hemorrhagic disease outbreak in west virginia. | an outbreak of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus, serotype 2 (ehdv-2) was responsible for localized white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) mortality in hardy and hampshire counties, west virginia (usa), in the summer and fall of 1993. using available historical data on regional herd immunity, data opportunistically collected during the epizootic, and postepizootic sampling of hunter-harvested deer, we grossly estimate certain epidemiologic parameters and compare findings to a hypothesis ab ... | 2004 | 15465704 |
| white-tailed deer as a potential reservoir of ehrlichia spp. | we determined the antibody prevalence to ehrlichia spp., in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and the geographic distribution of seropositive animals in 84 counties in alabama, arkansas, florida, georgia, illinois, kentucky, louisiana, maryland, massachusetts, mississippi, missouri, north carolina, south carolina, tennessee, texas, virginia, and west virginia (usa). using an indirect fluorescent antibody test we detected antibodies (> or = 1:128) to this bacterium in 544 (43%) of 1269 d ... | 1994 | 8028099 |
| parasites, diseases, and health status of sympatric populations of sika deer and white-tailed deer in maryland and virginia. | in july 1981, investigations on parasites, diseases, and herd health status were conducted on sympatric populations of sika deer (cervus nippon) and white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from blackwater national wildlife refuge (maryland) and chincoteague national wildlife refuge (virginia) on the delmarva peninsula. five adult deer of each species were collected from each location and subjected to thorough necropsy examinations and laboratory tests. white-tailed deer at both locations harb ... | 1983 | 6644934 |
| apteragia pursglovei sp. n. (trichostrongyloidea: trichostrongylidae) from the white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus. | two species of apteragia were found in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from 152 counties in 13 southeastern states. specimens previously reported as skrjabinagia odocoilei were reidentified as belonging to 2 similar species of the genus apteragia, a. odocoilei, and a. pursglovei sp. n. apteragia pursglovei sp. n. is differentiated primarily by the length, conformation, and degree of sclerotization of the spicules. of the 824 deer, a. odocoilei occurred in 76.5%, a. pursglovei in 13.8% ... | 1979 | 448613 |
| camera trap arrays improve detection probability of wildlife: investigating study design considerations using an empirical dataset. | camera trapping is a standard tool in ecological research and wildlife conservation. study designs, particularly for small-bodied or cryptic wildlife species often attempt to boost low detection probabilities by using non-random camera placement or baited cameras, which may bias data, or incorrectly estimate detection and occupancy. we investigated the ability of non-baited, multi-camera arrays to increase detection probabilities of wildlife. study design components were evaluated for their infl ... | 2017 | 28422973 |
| the prevalence of cryptosporidium and giardia spp. in fecal samples from free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in the southeastern united states. | the prevalence of cryptosporidium sp. and giardia sp. in fecal samples collected from free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) was determined for animals in virginia and mississippi. the 34 virginia samples came from young of the year (< or =6 months of age) presented to the wildlife center of virginia, and the 360 mississippi samples came from animals (> or =6 months of age) collected from 42 different sites across the state. cryptosporidial oocysts were detected in 8.8% and 5.0% ... | 1999 | 9925215 |
| evaluating wildlife-cattle contact rates to improve the understanding of dynamics of bovine tuberculosis transmission in michigan, usa. | direct and indirect contacts among individuals drive transmission of infectious disease. when multiple interacting species are susceptible to the same pathogen, risk assessment must include all potential host species. bovine tuberculosis (btb) is an example of a disease that can be transmitted among several wildlife species and to cattle, although the potential role of several wildlife species in spillback to cattle remains unclear. to better understand the complex network of contacts and factor ... | 2016 | 27931926 |
| amblyomma auricularium (ixodida: ixodidae) in florida: new hosts and distribution records. | previous published evidence for the occurrence of an exotic armadillo tick, amblyomma auricularium (conil), in florida is scant, but we found it is fully established and integrated into the state's tick fauna. we collected 11,192 specimens of this tick from naturalized nine-banded armadillos, dasypus novemcinctus l., and 14 other species of wild native mammals and birds in florida, while sampling statewide during 2004 through 2007. in all, we document its specific presence only in 14 contiguous ... | 2017 | 28082640 |
| surveillance of parapoxvirus among ruminants in virginia and connecticut. | in 2008, two deer hunters in virginia and connecticut were infected with a unique strain of pseudocowpox virus, a parapoxvirus. to estimate the prevalence of this virus, and in an attempt to define the reservoir, parapoxvirus surveillance was undertaken between november 2009 and january 2010. 125 samples from four ruminant species (cows, goat, sheep and white-tailed deer) were collected in virginia, and nine samples from white-tailed deer were collected in connecticut. we found no evidence that ... | 2013 | 23398718 |
| incidence of hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer is associated with winter and summer climatic conditions. | hemorrhagic disease (hd) is an important vector-borne disease of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). the objective of this study was to determine whether temperature and precipitation were associated with a measure of annual incidence of hd in white-tailed deer from virginia. the annual percentages of deer with hoof wall growth interruptions (a clinical sign of hd) from four climate divisions in the hd endemic area of virginia recorded during 1993-2006 were used as indicators of annual h ... | 2009 | 19430839 |
| natural and experimental infection of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from the united states with an ehrlichia sp. closely related to ehrlichia ruminantium. | an ehrlichia sp. (panola mountain [pm] ehrlichia sp.) closely related to ehrlichia ruminantium was recently detected in a domestic goat experimentally infested with lone star ticks (lsts, amblyomma americanum) collected from georgia, usa. the infected goat exhibited pyrexia and mild clinical pathologic abnormalities consistent with ehrlichiosis. at least two other ehrlichia species (ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia ewingii) are maintained in nature by a cycle involving lsts as the primary vec ... | 2008 | 18436670 |
| an infectious cutaneous fibroma of the virginia whitetailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | a naturally occurring cutaneous fibroma of deer has proven to be experimentally transmissible in deer. the causative agent is a virus that is readily alterable through berkefeld n candles and that survives in fibroma tissue for at least as long as 27 months in glycerol-saline at -20 degrees c. the experimentally produced deer fibroma has an incubation period of about 7 weeks, a very slow rate of growth, and a high regression rate. | 1958 | 13598813 |
| survey of haircoat fungal flora for the presence of dermatophytes in a population of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in virginia. | before releasing rehabilitated wildlife, patients should be cured of all infectious agents that pose a risk to free-roaming wildlife or humans after release. dermatophyte fungi, commonly known as "ringworm," have zoonotic potential and may be carried as normal flora on the haircoats of certain species. outbreaks of ringworm are anecdotally reported to occur in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) fawns, but no prevalence surveys have been conducted on the haircoat flora of free-roaming ind ... | 2011 | 21719839 |
| surveillance and movements of virginia opossum (didelphis virginiana) in the bovine tuberculosis region of michigan. | wildlife reservoir hosts of bovine tuberculosis (btb) include eurasian badgers (meles meles) and brushtail possum (trichosurus vulpecula) in the uk and new zealand, respectively. similar species warrant further investigation in the northern lower peninsula of michigan, usa due to the continued presence of btb on cattle farms. most research in michigan, usa has focused on interactions between white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and cattle (bos taurus) for the transmission of the infectious ... | 2013 | 23531427 |