| progress towards eliminating lymphatic filariasis in zanzibar: a model programme. | programmes to eliminate lymphatic filariasis are underway in ten countries of sub-saharan africa, and in several programmes outside africa five rounds of mass drug administration (mda) are being completed. in africa, egypt and zanzibar have completed five rounds of mda. zanzibar was the first country to complete five rounds of treatment using a combination of albendazole and ivermectin, reducing both the prevalence and intensity of wuchereria bancrofti. characteristics of the zanzibar programme ... | 2006 | 16713740 |
| use of floating layers of polystyrene beads to control populations of the filaria vector culex quinquefasciatus. | floating layers of polystyrene beads suffocate mosquito larvae and pupae and inhibit egg laying. the layers are very durable in breeding sites with water contained within walls, as in wet pit latrines and soakage pits. in some areas such pits constitute an important breeding site for culex quinquefasciatus. trials have been conducted in communities in zanzibar, tanzania, and in tamil nadu, india, where such mosquito populations were the vectors of wuchereria bancrofti. in each case, treatment of ... | 2002 | 12625923 |
| bancroftian filariasis on pemba island, zanzibar, tanzania: an update on the status in urban and semi-urban communities. | cross-sectional clinical, parasitological and entomological surveys for bancroftian filariasis were conducted in konde, chake chake and kengeja, three urban and semiurban communities on pemba island, and the results were compared with similar surveys done 15 years earlier. the overall prevalences of clinical manifestations among males aged 15 years or more (n = 614) was remarkably similar to those recorded 15 years earlier: elephantiasis 1.4% in 1975 and 1.1% in 1990; hydrocele, 22.4% and 21.8%, ... | 1999 | 10320655 |
| can vector control play a useful supplementary role against bancroftian filariasis? | a single campaign of mass treatment for bancroftian filariasis with diethylcarbamazine (dec) in makunduchi, a town in zanzibar, united republic of tanzania, combined with elimination of mosquito breeding in pit latrines with polystyrene beads was followed by a progressive decline over a 5-year period in the microfilarial rate from 49% to 3%. evidence that vector control had contributed to this long-term decline was obtained by comparison with another town, moga, where a dec campaign was used wit ... | 1999 | 10083712 |
| control of bancroftian filariasis by integrating therapy with vector control using polystyrene beads in wet pit latrines. | in the town of makunduchi, zanzibar, wet pit latrines provided breeding places for culex quinquefasciatus and there were few other mosquito breeding places available. the adult mosquito population in bedrooms was monitored for a year and found to consist almost entirely of cx quinquefasciatus of which 2.45% carried infective larvae of wuchereria bancrofti. it was estimated that each person received about 24,993 bites per year, of which 612 were potentially infective. after a year of baseline dat ... | 1990 | 2278079 |