| leishmaniasis in brazil. xix: visceral leishmaniasis in the amazon region, and the presence of lutzomyia longipalpis on the island of marajó, pará state. | sporadic cases of visceral leishmaniasis in amazonian brazil appear limited to pará state, in the lower amazon valley and principally near the atlantic coast. the fox cerdocyon thous (l.) has been incriminated as a natural host of the causative parasite, leishmania donovani chagasi, but past doubts have existed over the identification of the most likely vector as lutzomyia (lutzomyia) longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912). investigations on two of five recent cases of visceral leishmaniasis of man in ... | 1983 | 6623589 |
| visceral leishmaniasis in the metropolitan region of belo horizonte, state of minas gerais, brazil. | in the last few years the number of human cases of american visceral leishmaniasis in the metropolitan region of belo horizonte (mrbh), minas gerais, brazil has increased, indicating an elevation in the transmission rate of the disease. the total number of notified human cases in the mrbh since 1994, when the first case was identified, up to 1999 was 345 of which 223 (65%) were from the city itself, indicating an urbanization of the disease in this region of minas gerais. the age distribution of ... | 2001 | 11313633 |
| epidemiology of canine visceral leishmaniosis in the endemic area of montes claros municipality, minas gerais state, brazil. | the montes claros city is located in an endemic area for visceral leishmaniosis in the minas gerais state, brazil. with the implementation of a program for the control of visceral leishmaniosis in 1994, a sectional study was carried out to evaluate the infection by viscerotropic leishmania in the population of dogs from montes claros, basically using indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (ifat). blood samples were collected on filter paper from 33,937 dogs, representing 96.1% of the canine l ... | 2003 | 12531292 |
| risk factors for leishmania chagasi infection in an urban area of minas gerais state. | in order to understand the determinants of human infection by leishmania chagasi in an urban area, a cross-sectional population based study was conducted using molecular and serologic methods to identify infection. participants were interviewed using a pre-coded questionnaire. two criteria were tested to identify risk factors: model 1--including all participants positive in hybridization by leishmania donovani complex probe; model 2--including all participants positive for hybridization and at l ... | 2006 | 16410918 |
| diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis in the endemic area of belo horizonte, minas gerais, brazil by parasite, antibody and dna detection assays. | canine leishmaniasis caused by leishmania chagasi (l. infantum) is found throughout the south american continent, including brazil, and dogs are considered to be the main reservoir host for this parasite. to support the implementation of a diagnostic protocol for surveillance of the disease in the region of belo horizonte (minas gerais, brazil) we have compared the sensitivity and specificity of two serological tests, indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) and direct agglutination test ... | 2006 | 16838205 |
| infectivity of seropositive dogs, showing different clinical forms of leishmaniasis, to lutzomyia longipalpis phlebotomine sand flies. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a growing zoonosis with an increasing number of new cases and a rapid geographical spreading of the disease. in the present study, a canine survey was carried out in the city of montes claros (320,000 inhabitants), an endemic area of american visceral leishmaniasis in the state of minas gerais, brazil. a total number of 4795 dogs were examined by serology, which showed a rate of seropositivity of 5%. isoenzymatic analysis confirmed leishmania infantum chagasi as th ... | 2007 | 17449184 |
| evaluation of the conjunctival swab for canine visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis by pcr-hybridization in minas gerais state, brazil. | the visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in brazil is caused by leishmania chagasi (l. infantum) and dogs are considered to be the main domestic reservoir. the epidemiological control involves the elimination of infected dogs. therefore, the correct diagnosis is very important in order to avoid the disease transmission or unnecessary culling of dogs. recently, an antileishmanial vaccine for dogs was licensed and commercialized in brazil. vaccinated dogs test positive in the conventional serological tests ... | 2008 | 18242866 |
| combined diagnostic methods identify a remarkable proportion of asymptomatic leishmania (leishmania) chagasi carriers who present modulated cytokine profiles. | peripheral blood samples of 138 co-habitants from 25 families with recently diagnosed cases of visceral leishmaniasis in the metropolitan region of belo horizonte, minas gerais, brazil, were analyzed by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat), rk39 and leishmania chagasi enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), intradermal skin-test and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) over a 12-month period. the cumulative positivity was significantly higher by pcr (29.7%) than by ifat, rk39 elisa, l. chagas ... | 2008 | 18367221 |
| parasitological diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis: is intact skin a good target? | the objective of this study was to evaluate intact skin of seroreactive dogs as a possible target for the parasitological confirmation of canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl). for this purpose, 394 dogs identified in serological surveys carried out in the metropolitan region of belo horizonte were studied. blood was collected from all animals for serology and a tissue sample was obtained from two sites for parasitological diagnosis. skin obtained from the ear and scapular region was simultaneousl ... | 2009 | 19364614 |
| natural infection of lutzomyia neivai and lutzomyia sallesi (diptera: psychodidae) by leishmania infantum chagasi in brazil. | natural infections with leishmania were found in females of the phlebotomine sand flies lutzomyia neivai (pinto) (= nyssomyia neivai) and lutzomyia sallesi (galvão & coutinho) (= evandromyia sallesi) (diptera: psychodidae) from lassance, in the brazilian state of minas gerais. promastigotes were found in the pyloric region of the former species and in the abdominal midgut of the latter species. insects found to be infected by microscopic examination were macerated in saline solution and inoculat ... | 2009 | 19769049 |
| naturally acquired visceral leishmaniasis in non-human primates in brazil. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a chronic and often fatal protozoal disease that is endemic in belo horizonte (state of minas gerais, brazil). leishmania sp. is an intracellular obligatory parasite of macrophages that can naturally infect several mammalian species. non-human primates (nhp) have been used as experimental models for infection with leishmania of the donovani complex. the present report describes a case of visceral leishmaniasis in a black-fronted titi. among 41 primates kept in capt ... | 2010 | 20056328 |
| histopathological and parasitological investigations of ear healthy skin of dogs naturally and experimentally infected with leishmania (leishmania) chagasi. | although 90% of clinical cases of american visceral leishmaniasis (avl) occur in the northeastern region of brazil, the incidence of cases in recent years has increased in southeastern states such as minas gerais (mg), where the disease has been reported in several cities, including belo horizonte, the state capital. some studies have shown a strong correlation between the incidence of avl and canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl) in belo horizonte. a study of 108 dogs with parasite leishmania cha ... | 2010 | 20503176 |
| eco-epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in the urban area of paracatu, state of minas gerais, brazil. | the present study was developed in the urban area of paracatu, an endemic city for the american visceral leishmaniasis in brazil. a six-month canine survey was performed with 6295 domiciled dogs in 28 districts in that area and showed that 4.2% of those (267 dogs) were positive for vl by elisa and ifat serum assays. prevalence ratios for canine vl varied between 1.2% and 16.1%, depending on the district under investigation. fifteen dogs - 80% of which were clinically asymptomatic for vl - were s ... | 2010 | 21146311 |
| [natural infection with leishmania infantum chagasi in lutzomyia (lutzomyia) longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) sandflies captured in the municipality of janaúba, state of minas gerais, brazil]. | visceral leishmaniasis has been notified in nearly all states of brazil, and particularly in the north of minas gerais, where the disease is endemic. the aim of this study was to detect natural infection of lutzomyia longipalpis and, through the pcr/rflp technique, identify leishmania species found in sandflies in the municipality of janaúba. | 2011 | 21340410 |
| morphology and growth characteristics of cultured leptomonas ctenocephali from ctenocephalides felis felis (siphonaptera: pulicidae) of dogs in brazil. | to confirm the taxonomic identification of a trypanosomatid found in the hindgut, rectum and malpighian tubules of dog fleas captured in belo horizonte, minas gerais, brazil, between april and november of 2005, 910 specimens of ctenocephalides felis felis were removed from street dogs and dissected, and isolates from their digestive tracts were cultivated in nnn-alpha-mem medium. four different morphological forms were observed in culture: long, slender, twisted promastigotes with a long flagell ... | 2011 | 21511398 |
| evaluation of leishmania (leishmania) chagasi strains isolated from dogs originating from two visceral leishmaniasis-endemic areas in brazil using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. | domestic dogs are the most important reservoir in the peridomestic transmission cycle of leishmania (leishmania) chagasi. the genetic variability of subpopulations of this parasite circulating in dogs has not been thoroughly analyzed in brazil, even though this knowledge has important implications in the clinical-epidemiological context. | 2011 | 21860996 |
| metagenomic analysis of taxa associated with lutzomyia longipalpis, vector of visceral leishmaniasis, using an unbiased high-throughput approach. | leishmaniasis is one of the most diverse and complex of all vector-borne diseases worldwide. it is caused by parasites of the genus leishmania, obligate intramacrophage protists characterised by diversity and complexity. its most severe form is visceral leishmaniasis (vl), a systemic disease that is fatal if left untreated. in latin america vl is caused by leishmania infantum chagasi and transmitted by lutzomyia longipalpis. this phlebotomine sandfly is only found in the new world, from mexico t ... | 2011 | 21909446 |