| evaluation of the micro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies in american visceral leishmaniasis: antigen selection for detection of infection-specific responses. | this study was designed to evaluate the elisa for diagnosis of american visceral leishmaniasis (avl) using antigen prepared from different leishmania isolates and from a strain of trypanosoma cruzi. two leishmania donovani chagasi isolates from bahia and maranhão (both states of northern brazil), one l. donovani from sudan, one l. mexicana amazonensis isolate, and one t. cruzi isolate were used. a total of 375 sera were tested, including 119 from avl patients, 96 from nonleishmaniasis hospitaliz ... | 1986 | 3080918 |
| leishmaniasis in brazil: xviii. further evidence incriminating the fox cerdocyon thous (l) as a reservoir of amazonian visceral leishmaniasis. | major endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis in brazil are located in the drier, poorly forested regions, principally in the northeastern states such as ceará and bahia. cases of the human disease in the amazon region are rare, very sporadic, and seldom present opportunities for epidemiological study. following the report of a fatal case near salvaterra, the island of marajó, pará state, a preliminary investigation has resulted in the isolation of a parasite regarded as leishmania donovani chag ... | 1982 | 7164150 |
| [leishmania (leishmania) chagasi infection in children from an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis in the são luís island-ma, brazil]. | a prospective study was undertaken in 648 children with less than 6 years of age in the municipality of raposa, maranhão, brazil, from june 1997 to june 1998, to evaluate the characteristics of the infection by l.(l.)chagasi and verify if there is an association between malnutrition and asymptomatic infection. a standardized questionnaire was used containing socioeconomic, environmental and behavioral data. montenegro skin reaction (idrm) with l. amazonensis and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ... | 2001 | 11600910 |
| risk factors associated with asymptomatic infection by leishmania chagasi in north-east brazil. | various factors have been associated with a predisposition to the development of clinical american visceral leishmaniasis (avl). however, little information is available about the factors that predispose to asymptomatic infection. to identify the risk factors associated with asymptomatic infection, a study was carried out between july 1997 and june 1998 on children aged 0-5 years in the districts of vila nova and bom viver in the municipality of raposa in the island of são luís, state of maranhã ... | 2002 | 11925984 |
| [prevalence of infection by leishmania chagasi using elisa (rk39 and crude) and the montenegro skin test in an endemic leishmaniasis area of maranhão, brazil]. | a prospective study was undertaken in 1,520 children less than 15 years of age in são josé de ribamar, maranhão, brazil, from june 1994 to january 1995, to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics (socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral) associated with infection by leishmania chagasi. montenegro skin test (mst) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa-rk39 and crude) test were used to detect infection. the statistical analysis used the chi2 test with yates correction and a p value ... | 2006 | 16410865 |
| [comparative study about the specific antileishmania of immunoglobulin g and e as markers of infection and illness among dwellers of a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in são luis, ma]. | comparative study regarding igg and ige anti-leishmania as markers of infection and illness among residents of a visceral leishmaniasis visceral leishmaniasis endemic area, são luis, ma in the period from may 1999 to may 2000. all the 1,016 individuals younger than 16 years old were tested for the presence of igg by elisa. a total of 174 (17.1%) children revealed a positive igg test and 4 children showed symptoms of classical visceral leishmaniasis during the time of the survey: 85 ige anti-leis ... | 2006 | 16501764 |
| leishmania (leishmania) infantum/chagasi: histopathological aspects of the skin in naturally infected dogs in two endemic areas. | in the new world, visceral leishmaniasis (vl), which is a progressive disease and frequently fatal, is caused by leishmania (leishmania) infantum/chagasi. it is endemic in many regions of brazil and occasionally occurs in non-endemic regions when dogs from an endemic area are introduced. the aim of the present study is to compare different skin infection patterns of dogs from two leishmaniasis endemic areas. a histological analysis of dogs from campo grande, mato grosso do sul state, a region wh ... | 2010 | 19854175 |
| [seroprevalence, clinical and biochemical data of dogs naturally infected by leishmania and phlebotominae sandfly fauna in an endemic area in são luis island, maranhão state, brazil]. | the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence, clinical and biochemical profile of leishmania chagasi infection in dogs naturally infected and identify the phlebotominae fauna in an endemic area of são luis island. in this present study, 62 household mongrel dogs were sampled for antibodies anti-leishmania. the seroprevalence was 51.61%. in the clinical evaluation, 36.68% dogs were symptomatic, 38.41% were oligosymptomatic and 26.13% were asymptomatic. the most frequent signs were on ... | 2008 | 20059848 |
| [molecular analysis of natural infection of lutzomyia longipalpis in an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis in brazil]. | the main purpose of this study was to investigate natural infection by leishmania chagasi in female sand flies in a visceral leishmaniasis (vl) focus on são luís island, maranhão state, brazil. molecular analysis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was applied to determine the rate of natural infection of lutzomyia longipalpis by l. chagasi in areas of old and recent human settlement on são luís island. based on a sample of 800 female specimens captured from march to august 2005, the natural infe ... | 2010 | 21243235 |
| leishmania infection in humans, dogs and sandflies in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in maranhão, brazil. | leishmania infection in humans, dogs and sandflies was examined in the endemic visceral leishmaniasis (vl) municipality of raposa, state of maranhão, brazil. in this study, we examined leishmania chagasi infection in the blood serum of both humans and canis familiaris and the natural leishmania sp. infection rate in the sandfly vector, lutzomyia longipalpis. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indirect immunofluorescence reaction and polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect leishmania i ... | 2011 | 21537682 |
| Risk factors for Leishmania chagasi infection in an endemic area in Raposa, State of Maranhão, Brazil. | INTRODUCTION: Infection with Leishmania chagasi is the most common clinical presentation for visceral leishmaniaisis in endemic areas. The municipality of Raposa is an endemic area in State of Maranhão, Brazil, and have had registration cases of visceral leishmaniasis disease. For this reason, a cross- sectional study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors for infection with L. chagasi detected by Montenegro skin test. METHODS: The sample comprised 96% of the inhabitants of the villages of M ... | 2011 | 22094705 |
| factors associated with asymptomatic infection in family members and neighbors of patients with visceral leishmaniasis. | this study analyzed factors associated with asymptomatic leishmania chagasi infection in family members and neighbors of patients with visceral leishmaniasis (vl). a cross-sectional study was conducted with 361 individuals in the counties comprising ilha de são luís (são luís island) in maranhão state, brazil. the montenegro skin test (mst) and serology by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were performed to detect infection. odds ratios (or) and prevalence ratios (pr) and their 95% confi ... | 2012 | 23288063 |
| environmental factors and ecosystems associated with canine visceral leishmaniasis in northeastern brazil. | environment influences the composition, distribution, and behavior of the vectors and mammalian hosts involved in the transmission of visceral leishmaniasis (vl), affecting the epidemiology of the disease. in brazil, the urbanization process and canine cases of vl are indicators for local health authorities. this study aimed to investigate the occurrence of the canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl) in maranhão state, brazil. blood samples collected from 960 dogs from six municipalities and six dif ... | 2015 | 26684524 |
| trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania infantum chagasi infection in wild mammals from maranhão state, brazil. | trypanosoma and leishmania are obligate parasites that cause important diseases in human and domestic animals. wild mammals are the natural reservoirs of these parasites, which are transmitted by hematophagous arthropods. the present study aimed to detect the natural occurrence of trypanosomatids through serological diagnosis, pcr of whole blood and blood culture (hemoculture), and phylogenetic relationships using small subunit ribosomal dna (ssu rdna), cytochrome b, and glycosomal glyceraldehyd ... | 2015 | 26501369 |