| diversity of tick species biting humans in an emerging area for lyme disease. | although most tick bites in humans in areas of the northeastern united states in which lyme disease is highly endemic are due to ixodes dammini, no study documents the frequency of i. dammini bites in low-prevalence or emerging areas for lyme disease. data on the proportion of tick bites in humans that are due to i. dammini in a region may have implications for public health policy and clinical management. | 1992 | 1536337 |
| canine seroprevalence and the distribution of ixodes dammini in an area of emerging lyme disease. | this study evaluates the relative usefulness of canine serosurveys to predict risk of exposure in an area of emerging lyme disease by comparing the distribution of canine seroprevalence with that of vector ticks. from 16 veterinary clinics throughout the state of maine, 828 canine sera were obtained during the heartworm-testing months of april and may 1989 and measured for anti-borrelia antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. in the same year, 1605 ticks, including 585 ixodes dammini, w ... | 1991 | 1928538 |
| potential for lyme disease in maine: deer survey of distribution of ixodes dammini, the tick vector. | a survey of deer brought to tagging stations at 24 sites in main revealed the presence of the deer tick, ixodes dammini, on 5.1 percent of deer. ticks were found almost exclusively on deer from southwest coastal sites in the state. the potential for endemic lyme disease in coastal maine merits further study. | 1990 | 2305920 |
| deer ticks, ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae), and lyme disease spirochetes, borrelia burgdorferi, in maine. | | 1988 | 3404548 |
| ixodes dammini and borrelia burgdorferi in northern new england and upstate new york. | | 1987 | 3585637 |
| norway rats as reservoir hosts for lyme disease spirochetes on monhegan island, maine. | to determine whether the agent of lyme disease, borrelia burgdorferi, may be maintained in the absence of its usual white-footed mouse reservoir host, ixodes dammini ticks from an island where mice are absent were examined. prevalence of spirochetal infection was described for ticks removed from mammals, birds, and vegetation on monhegan island, maine. forty percent of adult i. dammini removed from vegetation were infected. norway rats were heavily infested with ticks, and > 60% of such ticks co ... | 1993 | 8354910 |
| role of bird migration in the long-distance dispersal of ixodes dammini, the vector of lyme disease. | to evaluate the role of migratory birds in the long-distance dispersal of ixodes dammini ticks and in the spread of lyme disease, a 6-year study of migrating birds to an offshore new england island was conducted during 1989-1994. i. dammini are not endemic on this island, therefore allowing assessment of long-distance tick dispersal rather than local infestation. of 11,324 spring migrants examined, 1.2% were infested with i. dammini. of 8607 fall migrants examined, 0.2% were infested. of nymphal ... | 1996 | 8656000 |
| participation of birds (aves) in the emergence of lyme disease in southern maine. | the contribution of migratory and resident birds to the introduction of lyme disease will vary with the degree to which various species expose themselves to, and are infested by, juvenile vector ticks, and their ability to support and transmit the infectious agent. to examine the relative contribution of various passerine species during the emergence of this disease, we compared the abundance and infection rates of the blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis say, removed from mist-netted birds with ... | 1998 | 9615546 |
| diversity of babesia infecting deer ticks (ixodes dammini). | to determine whether the presence of nonpathogenic piroplasms may confound field estimates of risk of babesia microti infection, we identified sporozoites infecting the salivary glands of deer ticks (ixodes dammini) by parallel microscopy and polymerase chain reaction assays. piroplasms were evident in 14.4% of adult ticks from sites in the northcentral and northeastern united states. of these, 83.3% contained dna characteristic of ba. odocoilei. this cervid piroplasm was detected in all of the ... | 1998 | 9660456 |
| deer density and the abundance of ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae). | the abundance of ixodes scapularis say (ixodes dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin), the vector tick of the lyme disease spirochete and other human pathogens, is related to the presence of its primary reproductive stage host, white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus zimmerman). however, this relationship has not been quantified in terms that would guide wildlife management in areas in which the public is, or is likely to become, exposed to infected ticks. in this study, deer density an ... | 2003 | 12693846 |
| enzootic babesia microti in maine. | human babesiosis in the northeastern united states caused by babesia microti (apicomplexa: piroplasmida) is mainly reported from coastal new england sites, where deer ticks (ixodes dammini) are common. however, the piroplasm has been detected in microtine rodents elsewhere in association with i. angustus or other nidicolous ticks, suggesting that the agent is widely distributed but zoonotically significant only where a human-biting "bridge" vector is present. to determine whether this piroplasm ... | 2003 | 14627162 |
| abundance of ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) after the complete removal of deer from an isolated offshore island, endemic for lyme disease. | monhegan is an isolated 237-ha island lying 16 km off the coast of maine. introduced to the island in 1955, white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus zimmerman, reached a density of approximately 37/km2 by the mid-1990s. black-legged ticks, ixodes scapularis say, first noticed in the late 1980s, flourished thereafter. norway rats (rattus norvegicus berkenhout) on monhegan are highly infected with borrelia burgdorferi johnson, schmidt, hyde, steigerwalt, and brenner, the agent of lyme disease. by ... | 2004 | 15311475 |
| strategies for reducing the risk of lyme borreliosis in north america. | the incidence of lyme borreliosis continues to increase in the united states. in 1991, when lyme borreliosis first became a nationally reportable disease to the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc), a total of 9470 cases were reported; in contrast, by 2002 a total of 23,763 cases were reported, >2.5x the total in 1991. area-wide acaricides can be highly effective in killing nymphal ixodes scapularis, with >95% of nymphs killed in studies using cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, or carbaryl. t ... | 2006 | 16524769 |
| deer browse resistant exotic-invasive understory: an indicator of elevated human risk of exposure to ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) in southern coastal maine woodlands. | we evaluated the relationships between forest understory structure and the abundance of questing adult and nymphal blacklegged ticks, ixodes scapularis say (acari: ixodidae), in three maine towns endemic for lyme disease, 2001-2003. in fragmented new england woodlands, over-abundant white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus zimmerman, overbrowse palatable species, allowing browse-resistant exotic-invasive species to replace native forest understory structures. we predicted there would be more ti ... | 2006 | 17162946 |
| passive surveillance in maine, an area emergent for tick-borne diseases. | in 1989, a free-of-charge, statewide tick identification program was initiated in maine, 1 yr after the first ixodes scapularis say (=i. dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin) ticks were reported in the state. this article summarizes data from 18 continuous years of tick submissions during which >24,000 ticks of 14 species were identified. data provided include tick stage, degree of engorgement, seasonal abundance, geographical location, host, and age of the person from whom the tick was ... | 2007 | 18047214 |
| anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis - maine, 2008. | anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are rickettsial tickborne diseases that have had at least a twofold increase in prevalence in the united states since 2000. despite similar clinical presentations, the causative organisms are carried by different ticks with distinct geographic and ecologic associations. surveillance efforts are complicated by ambiguous terminology and serologic testing with antibody cross-reactivity. although anaplasmosis historically has been reported in maine, ehrlichiosis has bee ... | 2009 | 19779398 |
| density of ixodes scapularis ticks on monhegan island after complete deer removal: a question of avian importation? | questing adult blacklegged tick (ixodes scapularis say) abundance declined markedly three years after the 1999 removal of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus zimmermann) from monhegan island, me. since 2000, subadult ticks have not been found on norway rats (rattus norvegicus berkenhout); questing nymphs have not been found since 2002. this suggested i. scapularis was reintroduced annually via bird importation of subadult ticks, but unable to complete its two-year life cycle on the island ... | 2011 | 21635637 |
| genotypic diversity of an emergent population of borrelia burgdorferi at a coastal maine island recently colonized by ixodes scapularis. | abstract the recent range expansion of ixodes scapularis has been accompanied by the emergence of borrelia burgdorferi. the development of genetic diversity in b. burgdorferi at these sites of emergence and its relationship to range expansion is poorly understood. we followed colonization of i. scapularis on a coastal maine island over a 17-year period. b. burgdorferi's emergence was documented, as was expansion of ospc strain diversity. ticks collected from rodents and vegetation were examine ... | 2012 | 22217172 |
| infection and co-infection rates of anaplasma phagocytophilum variants, babesia spp., borrelia burgdorferi, and the rickettsial endosymbiont in ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) from sites in indiana, maine, pennsylvania, and wisconsin. | in total, 394 questing adult blacklegged ticks, ixodes scapularis say (acari: ixodidae), collected at four sites were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for five microbial species: anaplasma phagocytophilum, babesia microti, babesia odocoilei, borrelia burgdorferi, and the rickettsial i. scapularis endosymbiont. identities of genetic variants of a. phagocytophilum were determined by sequencing a portion of the 16s dna. in 55% of infected ticks (193/351), a single agent was detected. in ... | 2008 | 18402145 |