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pediatric meningitis in the western cape province of south africa.during the 9 years 1985-1993 a prospective survey of all cases of meningitis in children < 13 years of age presenting to our hospital in the western cape province of south africa was carried out. two-thousand-nine-hundred-and-twenty cases of meningitis were identified. the commonest form of bacterial meningitis was tuberculous meningitis (tbm) diagnosed in 282 children (mean age 2.94 years). n. meningitidis identified in 220 children (mean age 2.87 years), haemophilus influenzae in 156 children ...19968936954
epidemiology of post-neonatal bacterial meningitis in cape town children.bacterial meningitis is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in south africa. however, comprehensive regional or national epidemiological data, essential for rational public health interventions, are lacking. the purpose of this 1-year prospective study, from 1 august 1991 to 31 july 1992, was to define the magnitude of the problem of childhood bacterial meningitis in cape town. the study group consisted of all children, aged > 1 month to < 14 years, who presented with proven bacte ...19979063315
safety and immunogenicity of tetracthib (a vaccine combining dtp vaccine and haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine) administered to infants at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age.the safety and immunogenicity of tetracthib (a vaccine combining diphtheria and tetanus toxoids-pertussis vaccine (dtp) with haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) conjugate vaccine (polyribosyl ribitol phosphate conjugated to tetanus protein) (prp-t)) was assessed in 131 cape town infants immunized at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age. serological responses to all component antigens were measured before the first dose and at 18 weeks of age. in addition, anti-prp antibodies were measured at 9 and 18 month ...200211936019
vaccination coverage and timeliness in three south african areas: a prospective study.abstract: background: timely vaccination is important to induce adequate protective immunity. we measured vaccination timeliness and vaccination coverage in three geographical areas in south africa. methods: this study used vaccination information from a community-based cluster-randomized trial promoting exclusive breastfeeding in three south african sites (paarl in the western cape province, and umlazi and rietvlei in kwazulu-natal) between 2006 and 2008 (clinicaltrials.gov no: nct00397150). fi ...201121619642
maternal hiv infection and antibody responses against vaccine-preventable diseases in uninfected infants.altered immune responses might contribute to the high morbidity and mortality observed in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-exposed uninfected infants.201121304083
the costs and benefits of a vaccination programme for haemophilus influenzae type b disease.haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) infection is a major cause of severe bacterial infection in young children in south africa and world-wide. these diseases can be prevented by immunisation with conjugate hib vaccines. in south africa, unlike some developed countries, hib vaccines are not part of the routine immunisation schedule. the objective of this study was to measure the expected net benefits from a hypothetical programme of vaccination of the 1992 cape town birth cohort (n = 46,537). cos ...19957784909
carriage of haemophilus influenzae in cape town children.little is known about the epidemiology of haemophilus influenzae infections in south africa. this study was designed to determine the prevalence, serotype distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and effect of age and hospitalisation on the carriage of h. influenzae in 322 cape town children. the overall and type b specific carriage rates in normal children (n = 107) were 45.8% and 4.7% respectively. the yield following nasopharyngeal culture was twice that following throat culture (p ...19947740347
serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of haemophilus influenzae.during a one year prospective study of haemophilus influenzae infections in patients treated in hospitals in the metropolitan area of cape town. h. influenzae type b accounted for 81.7% of 126 invasive isolates, whereas 86.1% of the 280 non-invasive isolates were non-typeable. ampicillin resistance was detected among 10.8% of strains of which all but one produced beta-lactamase. all strains were susceptible to cefotaxime as were more than 95% to chloramphenicol, rifampicin, tetracycline but 20.4 ...19947730217
epidemiology of invasive haemophilus influenzae infections in cape town, south africa.the full spectrum of invasive haemophilus influenzae disease has not been documented previously in africa. this 1-year prospective study was designed to determine the epidemiology of invasive haemophilus influenzae disease in cape town children. during this period, 142 children with invasive disease were hospitalized; 85 (59.9%) presented with meningitis, 35 (24.6%) with pneumonia and 22 (15.5%) with other diseases. no cases of epiglottitis were seen. sixty per cent of cases were male and 40% fe ...19947521637
paediatric meningitis in the western cape. a 3-year hospital-based prospective survey.between july 1981 and june 1984 1223 cases of meningitis were seen in the department of paediatrics, tygerberg hospital. the commonest form in each population group was aseptic meningitis. positive viral cultures were obtained from the csf in 108 cases. the median age of white children with aseptic meningitis, 64 months, was significantly greater than that of coloured children, 45 months (p greater than 0.0001), and black children, 26 months (p greater than 0.014). the commonest cause of confirm ...19863020718
high incidence of antimicrobial resistant organisms including extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in nasopharyngeal and blood isolates of hiv-infected children from cape town, south africa.there is little information on nasopharyngeal (np) flora or bacteremia in hiv-infected children. our aim was to describe the organisms and antimicrobial resistance patterns in children enrolled in a prospective study comparing daily and three times weekly trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx) and isoniazid (inh) or placebo prophylaxis.200818380900
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