| mycobacterium bovis infection in human beings in contact with elk (cervus elaphus) in alberta, canada. | human infection with mycobacterium bovis is rare in developed countries because of milk pasteurisation and the slaughter of infected cattle. an epizootic of m bovis infection in domesticated elk (cervus elaphus) in alberta, canada, which started in april, 1990, prompted us to seek human contacts of elk herds. there were 446 identified contacts, in 394 of whom tuberculin skin tests were done. of 81 contacts who were skin-test positive, 50 had been in contact with culture-positive animals. 6 of 10 ... | 1991 | 1682654 |
| mycobacterium bovis infection in humans exposed to elk in alberta. | the evidence of zoonotic transmission of m. bovis infection in the 1 veterinarian is confirmed by growth of the organism from his sputum 6 months after animal contact. the high rate of initial tuberculin reactivity and the skin test conversions of 6 persons in contact with culture-positive animals strongly suggest that further human infection has taken place. however, the lack of baseline testing on 48/81 test-positive individuals and the relatively high proportion of immigrants in some occupati ... | 1991 | 1841004 |
| occupational exposure to mycobacterium bovis infection in deer and elk in ontario. | in late 1991, two herds of deer and elk were depopulated at a slaughtering plant in ontario, followed by processing of infected animals at a rendering plant. we conducted a questionnaire plus tuberculin skin-test survey of 104 exposed slaughtering and rendering plant workers, and government veterinarians and inspectors. overall, 17 participants were skin-test positive, one of 51 initially skin-test negative subjects tested a second time three months later became positive, consistent with the ris ... | 1994 | 7804937 |
| an abattoir study of tuberculosis in a herd of farmed elk. | the purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and distribution of grossly visible lesions of tuberculosis in a herd of 344 north american elk (cervus elaphus) depopulated during a three-month period in 1991. abattoir inspection detected mycobacterial lesions in 134 (39.8%) of the 337 animals received for slaughter. the prevalence of lesions increased with the age of the animals. lesions were predominantly suppurative rather than caseous, and mineralization was less evident than in tube ... | 1994 | 7954222 |
| bovine tuberculosis in canadian wildlife: an updated history. | mycobacterium bovis infection in wild animals attracted little attention in canada until the disease was almost eliminated from domestic livestock. tuberculosis was endemic in plains bison and occurred in elk, moose, and mule deer in buffalo national park (bnp), alberta during the 1920s and 1930s. bison were moved from bnp to wood buffalo national park (wbnp), where tuberculosis became, and remains, endemic in bison, posing a risk to efforts to restore bison in northern canada. tuberculosis was ... | 2009 | 20119541 |
| pediatric tuberculosis in alberta first nations (1991-2000): outbreaks and the protective effect of bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine. | the tuberculosis control strategy of vaccinating first nations newborns with bcg (bacille calmette-guerin) is currently undergoing re-evaluation in canada. review of recent pediatric tuberculosis morbidity could inform this re-evaluation. | 2004 | 15362464 |
| implications of agricultural and wildlife policy on management and eradication of bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis in free-ranging wood bison of northern canada. | although disease is often an important factor in the population dynamics of wild ungulates, it is largely the threat-both real and perceived-that sylvatic disease reservoirs pose to the health status of commercial livestock or game farm industry that has led governments to establish policy and legislation for disease management, trade, and movement. with respect to bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis in wildlife, policies are largely borrowed from the existing regulatory framework for domestic l ... | 2002 | 12381598 |
| the hook lake wood bison recovery project: can a disease-free captive wood bison herd be recovered from a wild population infected with bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis? | the hook lake wood bison recovery project (hlwbrp) is a wildlife conservation project aimed at recovering a captive, disease-free herd of wood bison (bison bison athabascae) from a wild herd infected with bovine tuberculosis (mycobacterium bovis) and brucellosis (brucella abortus). the disease eradication protocol that we have used involves a combination of techniques, including (1) orphaning of newborn wild-caught calves to minimize exposure to b. abortus and m. bovis, (2) testing calves for ma ... | 2002 | 12381597 |
| observations on animal and human health during the outbreak of mycobacterium bovis in game farm wapiti in alberta. | this report describes and discusses the history, clinical, pathologic, epidemiologic, and human health aspects of an outbreak of mycobacterium bovis infection in domestic wapiti in alberta between 1990 and 1993, shortly after legislative changes allowing game farming. the extent and seriousness of the outbreak of m. bovis in wapiti in alberta was not fully known at its onset. the clinical findings in the first recognized infected wapiti are presented and the postmortem records for the herd in wh ... | 1999 | 10065319 |
| problems associated with the depopulation of tuberculosis-infected wapiti herds. | | 1999 | 10065316 |
| prospective trial of timing of bacillus calmette-guérin vaccination in canadian cree infants. | we studied 184 cree indian infants in randomized, prospective fashion to assess the effect of age on lymphocyte sensitization to purified protein derivative (ppd) before and after and without bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccination. lymphocyte responses to ppd, candida, and streptokinase were measured at birth and at intervals later. the mean response of paired values from 26 infants without bcg vaccination rose for the ppd stimulation index (si) from 2.7 at birth to 3.9 before 2 yr of age. t ... | 1989 | 2679258 |