| prevalence of hepatitis b, tetanus, hepatitis a, human immunodeficiency virus and feasibility of vaccine delivery among injecting drug users in bangkok, thailand, 2003-2005. | to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis b virus (hbv), tetanus, hepatitis a virus (hav) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in injecting drug users (idus), risk factors associated with infection and the feasibility of hbv vaccine delivery in hbv seronegatives. | 2008 | 18705685 |
| molecular characterization of hepatitis-a-virus infections, in the context of two outbreaks in southern thailand. | as hepatitis a virus (hav) is usually transmitted through the faecal-oral route, hepatitis a is a communicable disease. in countries of intermediate to low endemicity, sudden outbreaks of human infection with the virus may occur. between september 2001 and april 2002, there were two outbreaks of hav infection in the ruso and yeengor districts of narathiwas province, in southern thailand. isolates of hav were recovered during these outbreaks, from 14 in-patients with acute hepatitis in ruso (12 p ... | 2002 | 12537634 |
| declining hepatitis a seroprevalence among medical students in bangkok, thailand, 1981-2001. | the severity of clinical symptoms following hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is age dependent. hepatitis a in children is mostly an asymptomatic disease while adolescents and adults usually show symptoms of clinical hepatitis. improved personal hygiene and environmental sanitation has led to a decline in natural immunity acquired in childhood, creating a population of susceptible adults. in the past decade, the incidence and prevalence of hepatitis a disease in thailand have decreased significa ... | 2002 | 12125918 |
| age-specific prevalence of hepatitis a virus antibody in thailand. | serum specimens drawn at random from three geographically defined populations of healthy thais were tested for antibody to the hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) by radioimmunoassay. a total of 746 specimens were tested. the age by which 50 per cent were antibody positive was 4-5 years for residents of an urban bangkok housing project, 8-9 years for rural villagers, and 10-11 years for urban bangkok government school pupils. overall, specimens from 97 per cent of thai adults 16 years of age or older w ... | 1981 | 6258428 |
| detection of poliovirus, hepatitis a virus and rotavirus from sewage and water samples. | a modified adsorption-elution technique for concentration of enteric viruses from sewage and water samples was developed. the viruses in water were concentrated by negatively charged membrane filtration, eluted with 2.9% tryptose phosphate broth containing 6% glycine ph 9.0, and reconcentrated using centrifugation by a speedvac concentrator. the presence of poliovirus, hepatitis a virus (hav) rna, and rotavirus antigen was determined by cell culture isolation, nested polymerase chain reaction (n ... | 2000 | 11023063 |
| epidemiology of aplastic anemia in thailand. thai aplastic anemia study group. | a population-based case-control study of aplastic anemia has been conducted in thailand since 1989. this is the largest single epidemiologic study of aplastic anemia ever performed. the objectives have been to document the incidence of the disease and to study the etiologic factors in a case-control analysis. the overall incidence of aplastic anemia was 3.9 per million per year in bangkok, two times higher than in the west; 3.0 per million in songkla; and 5.0 per million in khonkaen. a differenc ... | 1999 | 10561905 |
| prevalence of infection with hepatitis a virus among primary-school children in bangkok, thailand. | | 1997 | 9093438 |
| changing seroepidemiology of hepatitis a virus infection in thailand. | hepatitis a is an infectious disease commonly found in many developing countries. the infection usually is asymptomatic in children and only a small percentage has clinical hepatitis of varying severity. hepatitis a infection becomes more symptomatic with increasing age. we studied hepatitis a antibody prevalence in many population groups of thailand and investigated the changing patterns of hepatitis a antibody in comparison with previous seroepidemiological surveys in the past decade. the anti ... | 1993 | 8266225 |
| microbiological quality of drinking water and using water of a chao phya river community, bangkok. | safe water is essential for good health of humans. the contamination of water with infected fecal material is common in areas with poor standards of hygiene and sanitation. the determination of microbiological quality of water is essential. simple routine testing of the bacteriological quality of drinking water is designed to detect the presence of coliform bacteria and virological assessment is to detect the presence of enteric viruses, especially hepatitis a virus (hav). therefore, this study ... | 1994 | 7667704 |
| the declining transmission of hepatitis a in thailand. | hepatitis a antibody was almost universal among thai children 10-15 years ago. to assess whether transmission of hepatitis a among thai children had declined, contemporary antibody prevalence and seroconversion rates were determined. antibody prevalence in 1987-1988 among children in bangkok declined since 1977 for all ages studied, most markedly among young children. among 453 low-income urban schoolchildren, there were no seroconversions over a 10- to 12-month period (95% confidence interval [ ... | 1991 | 1850444 |
| the declining pattern of seroepidemiology of hepatitis a virus infection among adolescents in bangkok, thailand. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is a health problem in countries where seroepidemiology shows changes from hyperendemicity to intermediate endemicity. throughout the last decade, we studied, in bangkok, the seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus antibody (anti-hav) among adolescents of different age groups. in 1996, 245 serum specimens from children aged between 10 and 19 were tested for anti-hav by elisa method. the results were compared to those obtained in 1987 and 1993 from students of the same age and ... | 1997 | 9322299 |
| clinical features and molecular characterization of hepatitis a virus outbreak in a child care center in thailand. | as a result of declining hepatitis a endemicity in thailand, an increasing number of children and adolescents have become susceptible to hepatitis a virus (hav) infection. | 2005 | 15572002 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a in thai army medical cadets and nursing students: a reflection of regional risk differences. | a cross-sectional study of 432 army college students comprising 278 medical cadets and 154 nursing students, ages ranging from 15 to 26 years, was conducted in 2001 to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) antibody. serum specimens were tested for hav antibody by a commercial enzyme immunoassay method. anti-hav was detected in 14.0%, 17.5%, and 15.3% of medical cadets, nursing students, and the total cohort, respectively. there was no statistically significant difference in ser ... | 2007 | 18274028 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus antibody among children and young adults in bangkok. | to determine the prevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) antibodies in various age groups of healthy children and young adults who have not received the hepatitis a vaccine. | 2001 | 11804259 |