| surveillance of htlv infection in england and wales: 1986-1992. | the epidemiology of infection with human t cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus (htlv) types i and ii in england and wales between 1986 and 1992 has been studied. two sources of data have been reviewed: reports of cases of infection received by the phls communicable disease surveillance centre, and information about people infected with htlv-i and ii provided on laboratory request forms sent to the virus reference division of the phls central public health laboratory. most patients were of caribbean or ... | 1994 | 7519514 |
| antenatal survey for the seroprevalence of htlv-1 infections in the west midlands, england. | the sera of 3522 women who attended an antenatal clinic in birmingham, england were tested anonymously for antibodies against htlv-1. samples from 5 women (0.14%) were positive, one serum showed indeterminate reactivity. two of the women (0.06%) were born in the west indies (of afro-caribbean ethnic origin), one (0.03%) in africa (of african ethnic origin), and three (0.09%) were white caucasian women born in the uk. thus, htlv-1 infection in pregnant women in the uk, though comparatively rare, ... | 1993 | 8472781 |
| in the shadow of hiv-htlv infection in england and wales, 1987-2001. | like human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), human t-cell leukaemia/ lymphoma viruses (htlv) i and ii are persistent retroviral infections. once infected, the lifetime risk of developing the htlv-associated diseases, malignant or inflammatory, is low (approximately 5%). for those affected, however, these diseases are debilitating, with few treatment options and a poor prognosis. surveillance of htlv infections by the communicable disease surveillance centre (cdsc) has been ongoing since serological ... | 2004 | 15481213 |
| htlv infection in england and wales in 2002--results from an enhanced national surveillance system. | human t-cell lymphotropic virus (htlv) is a retrovirus transmitted through breastfeeding, sexual contact, blood transfusion and injecting drug use. htlv is endemic in the caribbean and parts of africa, japan and south america, with isolated foci in other areas. infection is life-long. less than 5% of those infected progress to one of the htlv-related diseases, but these are debilitating and often fatal. laboratory reports of new htlv diagnoses are followed up through clinicians to establish info ... | 2004 | 15481214 |
| infection with human t cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type i in patients attending an antenatal clinic in london. | | 1990 | 2390591 |
| is htlv-1 status another antenatal screening test that we need? | human t-lymphocytic virus type 1 (htlv-1) carriage is associated with a 2% to 5% lifetime risk of developing a severe, if not fatal, disease. in our inner london antenatal population, we found that the carrier rate was 0.3%. the antenatal transmission rate is known to be very low, but if the infant is breastfed the transmission rate is up to 25%. it is therefore possible to interrupt the transmission cycle by advising against breastfeeding. the ethical and fiscal issues surrounding antenatal tes ... | 1997 | 9070151 |
| prevalence of antibody to human t cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus in women attending antenatal clinic in southeast london: retrospective study. | | 2000 | 10625263 |
| experience of human lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) in an east london hospital. | we describe the experience of the royal london hospital with human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1) related disease. twelve patients presented from 1988-1993, nine of them in 1993. none were born in the u.k. and 11 were of west indian origin. ten had overt lymphomas, one tropical spastic paraparesis/htlv-1 associated myelopathy (tsp/ham) and one atypical lymphocytosis and strongyloidiasis. five presented acutely ill to casualty and three died shortly after presentation. four had been re ... | 1996 | 8852549 |
| a method for the detection and confirmation of antibodies to hepatitis c virus in dried blood spots. | this study describes the development and evaluation of a cost effective test rationale for the detection of anti-hcv in dried blood spots. samples were screened using an 'in house' igg elisa that incorporated the recombinant proteins c22-3, c200 and ns5. confirmation of specific antibody to hcv was by a modification of the immunoblot riba 3.0. an extensive panel of well evaluated anti-hcv positive and negative samples from the uk and south africa were used to assess the sensitivity and specifici ... | 1997 | 9389410 |
| htlv-1 infection: the clinical spectrum widens. | | 1991 | 2056327 |
| prevalence of antibodies to human t cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus in blood donors in north london. | to determine the prevalence of antibodies to the human t cell leukaemia/lymphoma viruses (htlv-i and htlv-ii) in blood donors in north london in order to assess the economic impact and the logistic effects that routine screening would have on the blood supply. | 1993 | 8281054 |
| molecular cloning and complete nucleotide sequence of an adult t cell leukaemia virus/human t cell leukaemia virus type i (atlv/htlv-i) isolate of caribbean origin: relationship to other members of the atlv/htlv-i subgroup. | we report the first complete nucleotide sequence of an adult t cell leukaemia virus/human t cell leukaemia virus type i (atlv/htlv-i) isolate from a british patient of caribbean origin. sequence comparisons of our proviral clone (hs-35) with other molecular clones are shown. we note the strong sequence conservation between isolates of caribbean and japanese origin (2.3% divergence), but demonstrate the higher homologies existing between isolates originating from similar geographical areas (appro ... | 1988 | 2899128 |
| human t-cell lymphotropic virus antibody prevalence in hiv-1-infected individuals attending a sexual health clinic in south-east london. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and human t-cell lymphotropic virus (htlv) are both retroviruses with similar routes of transmission. a number of reports suggest variable clinical outcomes in hiv and htlv co-infected individuals. there is no published information regarding the prevalence of hiv and htlv co-infection in the uk. we therefore carried out an unlinked anonymised retrospective study to investigate the prevalence of htlv co-infection in hiv infected patients attending a sexual healt ... | 2005 | 15834880 |
| epidemiology of human t-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (htlv-1) infections in a subpopulation of afro-caribbean origin in england. | epidemiological studies on neurological diseases in residents of afro-caribbean origin in the west midlands region of england have identified eight patients with tropical spastic paraparesis (tsp), all of whom were found to be infected with human t-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (htlv-1). the husband of one of the patients with tsp was also infected with htlv-1 and had a t-cell lymphoma. in addition, six asymptomatic htlv-1-infected first-degree relatives of the tsp patients have been foun ... | 1989 | 2621455 |
| the seroepidemiology of htlv-i amongst genitourinary medicine (gum) attendees in south east london. | | 2008 | 18692433 |
| myelopathy associated with human t cell lymphotropic virus type 1 in a white european native to england. | | 1992 | 1392959 |