| seroprevalence study on the diffusion of the west nile virus among blood donors, healthcare workers, jockeys, grooms and fowlers, veterinary surgeons and hunters in messina (italy). | west nile virus (wnv) is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus widely distributed in africa, middle east, asia, southern europe and in 1999 was first identified in the united states as a cause of disease in new york city. it mainly circulates among birds, but can infect many species of mammals. epidemics can occur in rural as well as urban areas. | 2008 | 18792530 |
| further spread of west nile virus in italy. | following two consecutive years of west nile virus (wnv) circulation in italy, new foci of infection were observed in august 2010 in sicily and molise in southern and central italy, respectively. these incidents were far from the previous infected area in northern italy, thereby confirming the ability of wnv to spread to new areas and affect new host populations. | 2010 | 21120802 |
| a transitional model for the evaluation of west nile virus transmission in italy. | in august 2008, after 10 years of apparent silence, west nile virus (wnv) infection re-emerged in northern italy, spreading through the territories of three regions. in the following years, new cases occurred in the same area and additional foci of infection were observed in central and southern italy, involving also sicily and sardinia islands. the italian ministry of health ordered to test by rt-pcr all blood and organ donors from 15th june to 15th november of each year in the infected areas. ... | 2016 | 25382294 |