| co-occurrence of east and west african kdr mutations suggests high levels of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in anopheles gambiae from libreville, gabon. | point mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene involved in knockdown resistance to ddt and pyrethroid insecticides have been described in several insect species. in the malaria vector anopheles gambiae giles sensu stricto (diptera: culicidae) two mutations have been identified. the first, consisting of a leucine-phenylalanine substitution at amino acid position 1014, is widespread in west africa. the second, a leucine-serine substitution at the same position, has to date only been dete ... | 2006 | 16608487 |