| investigations of the vertebrate hosts of eastern equine encephalitis during an epizootic in michigan, 1980. | a study was undertaken to investigate an increase in reported cases of clinical encephalitis due to eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus in horses and to determine the natural vertebrate hosts of that virus. horses, birds, and small mammals were sampled at sites in a contiguous area in st. joseph and kalamazoo counties, michigan, from 25 august to 5 september 1980. serum samples from four horses acutely ill with encephalitis and 16 of 39 pasture mates of ill horses had neutralizing (n) antibo ... | 1985 | 3010751 |
| isolation of cache valley virus and detection of antibody for selected arboviruses in michigan horses in 1980. | blood samples collected in september and november 1980 from 87 horses in southwestern michigan were examined for virus isolation and for plaque-reduction neutralizing antibody against selected arboviruses. cache valley virus was isolated from the blood of a clinically normal horse in st joseph county in september. the age-specific antibody prevalence for cache valley virus indicated enzootic transmission in the study area. the high antibody prevalence and the lack of age-specific antibody preval ... | 1987 | 3631684 |
| an outbreak of eastern equine encephalitis virus in free-ranging white-tailed deer in michigan. | eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus has been recognized as affecting horses and humans in the eastern united states for 70 yr. evidence of exposure with eee virus has been reported in a variety of free-ranging wild birds and mammals but cases of clinical disease are much less commonly reported. in michigan, reports of outbreaks of eee virus in equine species extend back more than a half century. we report diagnosis of eee virus infection of multiple free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus ... | 2007 | 17984258 |
| distribution of eastern equine encephalomyelitis viral protein and nucleic acid within central nervous tissue lesions in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | an outbreak of eastern equine encephalomyelitis (eee) occurred in michigan free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) during late summer and fall of 2005. brain tissue from 7 deer with eee, as confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, was studied. detailed microscopic examination, indirect immunohistochemistry (ihc), and in situ hybridization (ish) were used to characterize the lesions and distribution of the eee virus within the brain. the main lesion in all 7 d ... | 2013 | 23686767 |
| trajectory analysis of winds and eastern equine encephalitis in usa, 1980-5. | backward trajectories of winds were determined to identify possible sources of eastern equine encephalitis virus associated with isolation of virus from mosquitoes or birds or outbreaks in horses between 1980 and 1985 in maryland, new jersey, new york and michigan, usa. the results of the trajectory analyses suggested that eastern equine encephalitis virus could have been carried by infected mosquitoes on surface winds at temperatures 13 degrees c or higher from north carolina north-eastwards al ... | 1990 | 1969804 |
| evaluation of outbreaks of disease attributable to eastern equine encephalitis virus in horses. | to evaluate outbreaks of disease attributable to eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) in horses in michigan, and the associated environmental patterns and weather conditions, so that factors could be identified that may have predisposed horses in specific areas of the state to infections with eeev. | 1996 | 8707672 |