| the isolation of leishmania major from phlebotomus (paraphlebotomus) caucasicus, in isfahan province, islamic republic of iran. | as part of a general survey of leishmaniasis and sandflies in the focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) at borkhar, a rural district north of the city of isfahan, central iran, phlebotomus (paraphlebotomus) caucasicus marzinowsky from gerbil and jird burrows were found naturally infected with leishmania major, zymodeme mon-26 (= lon-1). this is the first characterized isolate of l. major from a sandfly vector in iran. | 1994 | 7992325 |
| leishmania major mon-26 isolated from naturally infected phlebotomus papatasi (diptera: psychodidae) in isfahan province, iran. | in a survey of leishmania infections in phlebotomine sandflies in one of the most important focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) at borkhar, a rural district north of the city of isfahan, central iran, phlebotomus (phlebotomus) papatasi scopoli from gerbil and jird burrows were naturally infected with leishmania major zymodeme mon-26. this is the first isolation and characterization of l. major from p. papatasi in iran, from an area where human and rodent infections with l. major have ... | 1995 | 8533663 |
| seasonal variation of leishmania major infection rates in sandflies from rodent burrows in isfahan province, iran. | in preparation for field trials of killed leishmania major vaccine, natural infections with leishmania promastigotes were monitored in phlebotomine sandfly vectors from villages of borkhar rural district, northeast of isfahan in central iran, where l.major zymodeme mon-26 ( = lon-1) has been identified as causing zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl). sandflies were collected and dissected weekly, from burrows of rodent colonies, during the "sandfly season', june-october 1991. leptomonad infect ... | 1996 | 8744712 |
| epidemiological study in a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniosis due to leishmania major in ardestan town, central iran. | an endemic focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniosis caused by leishmania major zymodeme mon-26 was identified in ardestan town central iran, during 1998-99. among 1960 school children examined over a 1-year period of time, 0.92% had evidence of active lesions and 1.53% had scar indicative of past infection. the incidence of the disease among school children was 3.2 per thousand in 1998. in a separate study, the incidence of infection among 100 households in an area with a population of 460 pers ... | 2001 | 11369303 |
| mitochondrial and wolbachia markers for the sandfly phlebotomus papatasi: little population differentiation between peridomestic sites and gerbil burrows in isfahan province, iran. | in iran, phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli) (diptera: psychodidae) is the main vector of leishmania major yakimoff & schokhor (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae), the causative agent of rural zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. this sandfly is abundant both in villages and in the burrows of the main reservoir host, the gerbil rhombomys opimus (licht.) (rodentia: gerbillidae). populations of p. papatasi were sampled from the edges of villages in isfahan province, using cdc miniature light traps in perid ... | 2003 | 14651648 |
| first detection of leishmania major in peridomestic phlebotomus papatasi from isfahan province, iran: comparison of nested pcr of nuclear its ribosomal dna and semi-nested pcr of minicircle kinetoplast dna. | two pcr methods were compared for their sensitivity in detecting cultured leishmania major, before being used to estimate infection rates in female sandflies (phlebotomus papatasi) collected from peridomestic animal shelters and the nearby burrows of the gerbil reservoir hosts, rhombomys opimus, in isfahan province, central iran. a semi-nested pcr was used to amplify a fragment of minicircle kinetoplast (k) dna with a length and sequence diagnostic for l. major, and a nested pcr was developed to ... | 2005 | 15589800 |
| bionomics of phlebotomus papatasi (diptera: psychodidae) in an endemic focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in central iran. | following an epidemiological survey of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) in several villages of badrood, a rural district north of the city of natanz, central iran, phlebotomus (phlebotomus) papatasi scopoli were found to be naturally infected with leishmania (leishmania) major zymodeme mon-26. sand flies were collected and dissected biweekly from rodent burrows from may to october 2001. leptomonad infection rates varied between 6.7% and 22.0%, being greatest in september, coinciding with p ... | 2005 | 16007964 |
| leishmania major: genetic heterogeneity of iranian isolates by single-strand conformation polymorphism and sequence analysis of ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacer. | protozoan parasites of leishmania major are the causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis in different parts of iran. we applied pcr-based methods to analyze l. major parasites isolated from patients with active lesions from different geographic areas in iran in order to understand dna polymorphisms within l. major species. twenty-four isolates were identified as l. major by rflp analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) amplicons. these isolates were further studied by si ... | 2006 | 16513079 |
| childhood cutaneous leishmaniasis: report of 117 cases from iran. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl), due to leishmania major, is endemic in different parts of iran and has long been recognized in most provinces of iran. this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of childhood leishmaniasis in 3 areas at the southeast of kashan. a descriptive study was carried out on all children referred to central laboratories during a 3-year period. initial information including age, sex, sites of ulcer on the body, number of lesions, address, and the place of the diseas ... | 2006 | 17170577 |
| pcr detection and sequencing of parasite its-rdna gene from reservoirs host of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in central iran. | leishmania major is the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) in which gerbils are the reservoir host. zcl is of great public health importance in iran. in the current investigation, nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) protocols were used to amplify a region of the ribosomal rna amplicon of leishmania (its1-5.8s rrna gene). the pcr assays detected l. major in three rodent species: rhombomis opimus, meriones lybicus and, for first time, meriones persicus. l. major parasite ... | 2008 | 18791741 |
| karyosystematic and morphometric characterization of the rodents as reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic focus of isfahan province, iran. | rodents belonging to gerbillinae subfamily are the main reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) in iran. regarding the important role of these rodents in the maintenance of leishmania major in the nature, their identification with morphometric, cytogenetic and molecular methods seems to be essential. the karyotype study of these species, captured from a new focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis located in the south of isfahan province was carried out in 2007. | 2009 | 19326708 |
| emergence of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania major in a new focus of central iran. | reports from a health center in esfahan province show an increase in cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) cases in the southern areas during 2000-2002, leading us to carry out an epidemiological study using standard techniques in mobarakeh county, central iran in 2003. data were collected on the prevalence of scars and active lesions among 1237 households in dehsorkh district (3086 residents) and 191 children attending primary schools in mobarakeh city. smears were prepared by scraping the edges of the ... | 2009 | 19497606 |
| detection, identification and molecular typing of leishmania major in phlebotomus papatasi from a focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in central of iran. | leishmania major is the causative agent and phlebotomus papatasi is the main vector of rural zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) in iran and elsewhere. nested pcr protocols were used to amplify a region of the ribosomal rna amplicon of leishmania (its1-5.8s rrna gene) in female p. papatasi. in the current investigation, l. major was found in natanz, isfahan province in centre of iran, in a focus of rural zcl. ten (1.8%) out of 549 female p. papatasi was found to be infected with l. major base ... | 2010 | 19854172 |
| comparative molecular epidemiology of leishmania major and leishmania tropica by pcr-rflp technique in hyper endemic cities of isfahan and bam, iran. | leishmania is an obligate intracellular protozoa, and the sandfly, as a vector, transmits infectious forms of the parasite to the vertebrate host. the etiologic agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl), leishmania major and leishmania tropica, are the most prevalent factor in iran, especially in the isfahan and bam regions. because of the importance of cl in endemic regions and the interaction of species diversity factors in developing control strategies, several isolated leishmania species from 2 ... | 2010 | 20980956 |
| an overview of a diagnostic and epidemiologic reappraisal of cutaneous leishmaniasis in iran. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is a widespread tropical infection which has a high incidence rate in iran. leishmania tropica, the causative agent of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl), and leishmania major, which causes zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl), are endemic in various parts of iran with a high incidence rate. the aim of this study was to evaluate the reappraisal of the diagnosis and epidemiology of cl in iran, by different clinical, parasitological and molecular assays amon ... | 2011 | 21412584 |
| distribution, fauna and seasonal variation of sandflies, simultaneous detection of nuclear internal transcribed spacer ribosomal dna gene of leishmania major in rhombomys opimus and phlebotomus papatasi, in natanz district in central part of iran. | zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) due to leishmania major is increasing in many parts of iran. this disease originally is a disease found in gerbils. leishmania parasites are transmitted by sandflies that live and breed in gerbil burrows. nested pcr amplified leishmania its1-5.8s rrna gene in both main reservoir host "rhombomys opimus" and in the "phlebotomus papatasi" main vector of zcl, in iran. population differentiation and seasonal variation of sandflies were analyzed at a microgeograp ... | 0 | 22801285 |
| molecular characterization of leishmania spp. in reservoir hosts in endemic foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in iran. | zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) is an expanding disease and a public health issue in iran. in the present study, rate of natural infection of rodent populations with leishmania was investigated in six endemic foci including 28 villages in golestan, esfahan, yazd, fars, khuzestan and ilam provinces. a total of 593 rodents were captured and identified as rhombomys opimus (n = 325), meriones libycus (n = 171), meriones persicus (n = 27), tatera indica (n = 37), nesokia indica (n = 12), rattu ... | 2013 | 23951928 |
| genetic analysis of clinical isolates of leishmania major from isfahan, iran. | leishmaniasis is a geographically widespread severe disease which includes visceral leishmaniasis (vl) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). there are 350 million people at risk in over 80 countries. in the old world, cl is usually caused by leishmania major, l. tropica, and l. aetiopica complex of which 90% of cases occur in afghanistan, algeria, iran, iraq, saudi arabia, syria, brazil and peru. recently, eslami et al (2011) reported a novel tryp6 gene encoding tryparedoxin peroxidase from an irani ... | 2012 | 23135012 |
| genetic polymorphism of leishmania major in two hyper endemic regions of iran revealed by ppip-pcr and its- rflp. | zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) is a polymorphic disease that may show various clinical manifestations. although it is suggested that the genetic variability of the parasite is one of the factors influencing clinical manifestations of leishmaniasis, no data exists regarding genetic polymorphism of leishmania major (l.major). this study investigates the determination of genetic variations within the species of l.major isolates from different cases of zcl in two hyper-endemic areas of iran. | 2012 | 22369303 |