| escherichia coli o157:h7 infections in wisconsin, 1992-1999. | escherichia coli o157:h7 infection became a reportable condition in wisconsin on april 1, 2000; previously cases were voluntarily reported by physicians and laboratories. during 1992 through 1999, 1333 cases of e. coli o157:h7 infection occurred in wisconsin residents and were reported to the wisconsin division of public health. during this interval, the highest age-specific mean annual incidence, 13.2 cases per 100,000 population, occurred in persons 3 to 5 years old. only 28% of patients with ... | 2000 | 11043067 |
| the wisconsin state laboratory of hygiene and emerging enteric pathogens. | at the turn of the 20th century, typhoid fever was common in wisconsin, and was a major impetus for the establishment of the wisconsin state laboratory of hygiene (wslh) in 1903. by the 1940s, typhoid was virtually eliminated in the united states due to public health measures such as disinfection of drinking water, sewage treatment, pasteurization, and shellfish bed sanitation. however, new food and waterborne pathogens have emerged to take the place of salmonella typhi. infections with non-typh ... | 2003 | 14658567 |
| multistate outbreak of escherichia coli o157:h7 infection associated with consumption of packaged spinach, august-september 2006: the wisconsin investigation. | escherichia coli o157:h7 infection often causes hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. | 2009 | 19265476 |
| survey of antimicrobial effects of beef carcass intervention treatments in very small state-inspected slaughter plants. | u.s. beef slaughter facilities are required to use a carcass intervention treatment to reduce contamination by escherichia coli o157:h7. very small beef slaughter operators generally are unable to carry out challenge studies to validate intervention treatment effectiveness, and in-plant pathogen challenge studies are not permitted. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness, measured by decreases in generic e. coli, coliforms, enterobacteriaceae, and aerobic plate count, of in ... | 2007 | 17995740 |
| ongoing multistate outbreak of escherichia coli serotype o157:h7 infections associated with consumption of fresh spinach--united states, september 2006. | on september 13, 2006, cdc officials were alerted by epidemiologists in wisconsin and oregon that fresh spinach was the suspected source of small clusters of escherichia coli serotype o157:h7 infections in those states. on the same day, new mexico epidemiologists contacted wisconsin and oregon epidemiologists about a cluster of e. coli o157:h7 infections in new mexico associated with fresh spinach consumption. wisconsin public health officials had first reported a cluster of e. coli o157:h7 infe ... | 2006 | 17008868 |
| bacteriological analysis of indoor and outdoor water parks in wisconsin. | water parks are a rapidly growing element of the united states tourist industry. to reduce incidence of abrasion and impact injuries in such parks, designers are searching for padding materials that can withstand the harsh oxidative environments of chlorinated water. although padded features help reduce physical injuries, they may also compromise the microbiological safety of water attractions. this study describes bacteriological testing performed on 31 different pad materials, play features an ... | 2009 | 19491495 |
| from the centers for disease control. outbreak of escherichia coli o157:h7 infection associated with eating fresh cheese curds--wisconsin, june 1998. | | 2000 | 11188067 |
| outbreak of escherichia coli o157:h7 infection associated with eating fresh cheese curds--wisconsin, june 1998. | on june 15, 1998, the division of public health, wisconsin department of health and family services, was notified of eight laboratory-confirmed and four suspected escherichia coli o157:h7 infections among west-central wisconsin residents who became ill during june 8-12. this report summarizes the outbreak investigation, which implicated fresh (held <60 days) cheese curds from a dairy plant as the source of infection. | 2000 | 11043645 |
| sporadic cases of hemorrhagic colitis associated with escherichia coli o157:h7 in rural wisconsin. | the epidemiology and clinical aspects of escherichia coli o157:h7 (e. coli o157:h7) infections in rural wisconsin have rarely been reported. in the last six years, 66 cases of e. coli o157:h7 infection were encountered at our institution. bloody diarrhea was the universal presentation and all cases represented apparent sporadic infection as institutional or community-wide outbreaks were not found in our study. the mean age was 31 (range 7 months to 86 years), 25% less than 10 years old and 60% w ... | 1998 | 9617311 |
| longitudinal study of escherichia coli o157:h7 dissemination on four dairy farms in wisconsin. | a 14-month longitudinal study was conducted on four dairy farms (c, h, r, and x) in wisconsin to ascertain the source(s) and dissemination of escherichia coli o157:h7. a cohort of 15 heifer calves from each farm were sampled weekly by digital rectal retrieval from birth to a minimum of 7 months of age (range, 7 to 13 months). over the 14 months of the study, the cohort heifers and other randomly selected cattle from farms c and h tested negative. farm r had two separate periods of e. coli o157:h ... | 1998 | 9546176 |
| genomic comparisons and shiga toxin production among escherichia coli o157:h7 isolates from a day care center outbreak and sporadic cases in southeastern wisconsin. | contour-clamped homogeneous electric field pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (chef-pfge) was used to compare wisconsin isolates of escherichia coli o157:h7, including 39 isolates from a 1994 day care center outbreak, 28 isolates from 18 individuals from the surrounding geographic area with sporadic cases occurring during the 3 months before the outbreak, and 3 isolates, collected in 1995, from patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome (hus) who were from eastern wisconsin counties other than those ... | 1998 | 9508303 |
| prevalence and clonal nature of escherichia coli o157:h7 on dairy farms in wisconsin. | a survey was conducted between march and october of 1994 to determine the prevalence and identify the sources of serotype o157:h7 isolates of escherichia coli in wisconsin dairy herds. a stratified sample of 400 farms was identified, and 70 farms with weaned calves less than 4 months old were included in the study. during the prevalence study, 5 of the 70 farms (herd prevalence, 7.1 +/- 4.5%) and fecal samples from 10 of 560 calves (animal prevalence, 1.8%) tested positive for serotype o157:h7. ... | 1996 | 8633851 |
| notes from the field: escherichia coli o157:h7 outbreak associated with seasonal consumption of raw ground beef - wisconsin, december 2012-january 2013. | on january 8, 2013, the wisconsin state laboratory of hygiene notified the wisconsin division of public health (wdph) of two patients with escherichia coli o157:h7 clinical isolates that had indistinguishable, but commonly identified, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) patterns. the two patients were interviewed by local health departments within 1 day of the initial report. they revealed that they had eaten raw ground beef purchased from the same meat market and served as "tiger meat" or " ... | 2013 | 24304831 |
| use of traceback methods to confirm the source of a multistate escherichia coli o157:h7 outbreak due to in-shell hazelnuts. | traceback methods by state regulatory agencies were used to complement traditional epidemiological cluster investigation methods and confirmed hazelnuts (also referred to as filberts) as the vehicle in a multistate outbreak of escherichia coli o157:h7 infections. bulk in-shell hazelnut and mixed-nut purchase locations were identified during the initial epidemiological interviews. based on purchase dates and case onset dates, regulators in minnesota, michigan, and wisconsin traced product back th ... | 2012 | 22289593 |
| longitudinal microbiological survey of fresh produce grown by farmers in the upper midwest. | microbiological analyses of fruits and vegetables produced by farms in minnesota and wisconsin were conducted to determine coliform and escherichia coli counts and the prevalence of e. coli, salmonella, and e. coli o157:h7. during the 2003 and 2004 harvest seasons, 14 organic farms (certified by accredited organic agencies), 30 semiorganic farms (used organic practices but not certified), and 19 conventional farms were sampled to analyze 2,029 preharvest produce samples (473 organic, 911 semiorg ... | 2006 | 16924919 |
| molecular characterisation of escherichia coli o157:h7 isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and plasmid dna analysis. | foods of bovine origin have been identified as sources of escherichia coli o157:h7. genomic dna of e. coli o157:h7 isolates from patients (six isolates), food samples (18 isolates from ground beef and six isolates from raw milk) and calf faecal samples (31 isolates) were characterised by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and plasmid dna analysis. these isolates originated from different locations in the usa during 1992 and 1993. twenty-one distinct genomic profiles were generated from the ... | 1995 | 7707333 |
| evolution of the stx2-encoding prophage in persistent bovine escherichia coli o157:h7 strains. | escherichia coli o157:h7 is a human pathogen that resides asymptomatically in its bovine host. the level of shiga toxin (stx) produced is variable in bovine-derived strains in contrast to human isolates that mostly produce high levels of stx. to understand the genetic basis for varied stx production, chronological collections of bovine isolates from wisconsin dairy farms, r and x, were analyzed for multilocus prophage polymorphisms, stx(2) subtypes, and the levels of stx(2) transcript and toxin. ... | 2013 | 23275514 |
| a university outbreak of escherichia coli o157:h7 infections associated with roast beef and an unusually benign clinical course. | an outbreak of escherichia coli o157:h7 infections occurred after a graduation banquet at a university in wisconsin. sixty-one (32%) of 193 banquet attendees developed a gastrointestinal illness; 2 were hospitalized, none developed hemolytic-uremic syndrome or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and none died. the spectrum of illness was unusually mild, with 61% of ill persons reporting nonbloody diarrhea. a strain of e. coli o157:h7, indistinguishable from the outbreak strain by toxin type, pl ... | 1995 | 7561194 |
| prevalent and persistent escherichia coli o157:h7 strains on farms are selected by bovine passage. | escherichia coli o157:h7 is a human pathogen capable of causing hemorrhagic colitis and in some cases hemolytic uremic syndrome. cattle are an asymptomatic carrier and a major reservoir of this pathogen that can be transmitted by contaminated foods like beef products and vegetables. to further understand persistence in cattle and on farms, a total of 1716 samples over a two-year period were collected from a wisconsin dairy farm (farm r) and 91 were positive for the presence of e. coli o157:h7. s ... | 2013 | 23265246 |