| from the centers for disease control. pneumonic plague--arizona, 1992. | | 1992 | 1404753 |
| pneumonic plague--arizona, 1992. | on august 26, 1992, a 31-year-old male resident of tucson, arizona, died of an illness subsequently diagnosed as primary pneumonic plague. this is the 10th case of plague reported in the united states in 1992, the first pneumonic plague case this year, and the first plague fatality reported since 1987 (cdc, unpublished data). this report summarizes the investigation of this case by county, state, and federal public health officials in arizona and colorado. | 1992 | 1406565 |
| vi. plague. epidemiology. | | 1972 | 5069999 |
| cat-transmitted fatal pneumonic plague in a person who traveled from colorado to arizona. | plague, primarily a disease of rodents and their infected fleas, is fatal in 50% of infected humans if untreated. in the united states, human cases have been concentrated in the southwest. the most common modes of plague transmission are through flea bites or through contact with infected blood or tissues; however, primary pneumonic plague acquired from cats has become increasingly recognized. we report on the case investigation of a patient, presumably exposed to a plague-infected cat in colora ... | 1994 | 8059908 |
| fatal human plague--arizona and colorado, 1996. | in 1996, five cases of human plague, of which two were fatal, were reported in the united states; both decedents had septicemic plague that was not diagnosed until after they died. this report summarizes the investigation of the two fatal cases and underscores the need for health-care providers in areas with endemic plague to maintain a high level of awareness about the risk for plague in their patients. | 1997 | 9218646 |
| an overview of plague in the united states and a report of investigations of two human cases in kern county, california, 1995. | plague was confirmed in the united states from nine western states during 1995. evidence of yersinia pestis infection was identified in 28 species of wild or domestic mammals. thirteen of the plague positive species were wild rodents; 15 were predators/carnivores. yersinia pestis was isolated from eight species of fleas. seven confirmed cases of human plague were reported in 1995 (new mexico 3; california 2; arizona and oregon 1 each). five of the seven cases were bubonic; one was septicemic and ... | 1997 | 9221742 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. fatal human plague--arizona and colorado, 1996. | | 1997 | 9244319 |
| a cryptic 19-kilobase plasmid associated with u.s. isolates of yersinia pestis: a dimer of the 9.5-kilobase plasmid. | yersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of plague, carries three prototypic plasmids with sizes of 110 kb (pfra, ptox), 70 kb (plcr, pvw, pcad), and 9.5 kb (ppla, ppst). studies suggest that geographic isolates of y. pestis may be differentiated by plasmid profiles. yersinia pestis isolated from the western united states harbor an additional plasmid, estimated to be approximately 19 kb in size. this cryptic plasmid was characterized by restriction endonuclease digestion, amplification and sequencin ... | 1998 | 9840581 |
| serologic survey for selected infectious disease agents in swift and kit foxes from the western united states. | a serologic survey of swift fox (vulpes velox) and kit fox (v. macrotis) from the western usa was conducted for 12 infectious diseases. samples from swift fox were collected between 1987 and 1992 from colorado (n = 44), kansas (n = 10), and wyoming (n = 9). samples from kit fox were collected in california (n = 86), new mexico (n = 18), utah (n = 9), and arizona (n = 6). overall antibody prevalence rates were 33 of 110 (30%) for canine parvovirus (cpv), 9 of 72 (13%) for canine distemper virus ( ... | 2000 | 11085448 |
| differential plague-transmission dynamics determine yersinia pestis population genetic structure on local, regional, and global scales. | plague, the disease caused by the bacterium yersinia pestis, has greatly impacted human civilization. y. pestis is a successful global pathogen, with active foci on all continents except australia and antarctica. because the y. pestis genome is highly monomorphic, previous attempts to characterize the population genetic structure within a single focus have been largely unsuccessful. here we report that highly mutable marker loci allow determination of y. pestis population genetic structure and t ... | 2004 | 15173603 |
| a north american yersinia pestis draft genome sequence: snps and phylogenetic analysis. | yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is responsible for some of the greatest epidemic scourges of mankind. it is widespread in the western united states, although it has only been present there for just over 100 years. as a result, there has been very little time for diversity to accumulate in this region. much of the diversity that has been detected among north american isolates is at loci that mutate too quickly to accurately reconstruct large-scale phylogenetic patterns. slowly-evo ... | 2007 | 17311096 |
| human plague in the southwestern united states, 1957-2004: spatial models of elevated risk of human exposure to yersinia pestis. | plague is a rare but highly virulent flea-borne zoonotic disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium yersinia pestis yersin. identifying areas at high risk of human exposure to the etiological agent of plague could provide a useful tool for targeting limited public health resources and reduce the likelihood of misdiagnosis by raising awareness of the disease. we created logistic regression models to identify landscape features associated with areas where humans have acquired plague from 1957 t ... | 2007 | 17547242 |
| annual seroprevalence of yersinia pestis in coyotes as predictors of interannual variation in reports of human plague cases in arizona, united states. | abstract although several health departments collect coyote blood samples for plague surveillance, the association between reported human cases and coyote seroprevalence rates remains anecdotal. using data from an endemic region of the united states, we sought to quantify this association. from 1974 to 1998, about 2,276 coyote blood samples from four arizona counties were tested for serological evidence of exposure to yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague. using a titer threshold presum ... | 2011 | 21756031 |
| population differences in host immune factors may influence survival of gunnison's prairie dogs (cynomys gunnisoni) during plague outbreaks. | over the past 40 yr, epizootics of plague (yersinia pestis) in northern arizona have reduced populations of the gunnison's prairie dog (cynomys gunnisoni), with the exception of a large population found in the aubrey valley (av). to examine potential mechanisms accounting for their survival, we collected prairie dog serum samples in 2005-2006 from av and a neighboring population near seligman (se), arizona. we quantified gene expression at 58 diverse immune proteins using a multiplexed enzyme-li ... | 2011 | 22102668 |
| plague gives surprises in the first decade of the 21st century in the united states and worldwide. | plague is an ancient disease caused by the bacterium yersinia pestis and transmitted by rodent flea bites that continues to surprise us with first-ever events. this review documents plague in human cases in the 1st decade of the 21st century and updates our knowledge of clinical manifestations, transmission during outbreaks, diagnostic testing, antimicrobial treatment, and vaccine development. in the united states, 57 persons were reported to have the disease, of which seven died. worldwide, 21, ... | 2013 | 24043686 |