| pasture types and echinococcus multilocularis, tibetan communities. | our study showed that open pastures had more small mammal burrows than fenced pastures in tibetan pastoralist communities in 2003. this characteristic was linked to a higher prevalence of echinococcus multilocularis in dogs and indicates that pasture type may affect e. multilocularis transmission. | 2006 | 16707064 |
| control of hydatidosis. | control of hydatidosis is less effective without the support of dog-owners, and this support can only be obtained if the people have a clear understanding of the life-cycle of the hydatid parasite(s) and what risk factors contribute to human infections. dissemination of this information is the biggest challenge for hydatid control. participatory planning between dog-owners and community leaders should evaluate the possible control technologies, and should enable a choice of those aspects that su ... | 2006 | 16387527 |
| echinococcus shiquicus, a new species from the qinghai-tibet plateau region of china: discovery and epidemiological implications. | in shiqu county of the qinghai-tibet plateau, many wild and domestic mammals are involved in the transmission cycles of echinococcus spp. echinococcus multilocularis and echinococcus granulosus genotype g1 (sheep strain) are sympatrically distributed in the plateau. in 1995, we identified a unique strobilate stage of echinococcus from the tibetan fox, vulpes ferrilata, but considered it to be a variant of e. multilocularis. subsequent molecular genetic studies revealed that a hydatid cyst from t ... | 2006 | 16337180 |
| economic effects of echinococcosis in a disease-endemic region of the tibetan plateau. | this report attempts to quantify the economic losses due to echinococcus multilocularis and e. granulosus in shiqu county, sichuan, people's republic of china, as well as illustrate the cost effectiveness of dog anthelmintic prophylaxis combined with a sheep and goat vaccination program in terms of disability-adjusted life years (dalys) saved. we evaluated human losses associated with treatment costs and loss of income due to morbidity and mortality, in addition to production losses in livestock ... | 2005 | 16014823 |
| echinococcus shiquicus n. sp., a taeniid cestode from tibetan fox and plateau pika in china. | the taeniid cestode echinococcus shiquicus n. sp. was found from the tibetan fox vulpes ferrilata and the plateau pika ochotona curzoniae in the qinghai-tibet plateau region of china. in the adult stage, e. shiquicus from the foxes is morphologically similar to echinococcus multilocularis. however, the new species is differentiated by its smaller rostellar hooks, fewer segments, distinct position of genital pore in the mature segment and fewer eggs in the gravid segment. hydatid cysts of e. shiq ... | 2005 | 15862582 |
| a canine purgation study and risk factor analysis for echinococcosis in a high endemic region of the tibetan plateau. | the tibetan plateau of western china has been shown to have a very high prevalence of human cystic echinococcosis (ce) caused by echinococcus granulosus and human alveolar echinococcosis (ae) caused by echinococcus multilocularis. the domestic dog is suspected to be the primary definitive host for the transmission of both e. granulosus and e. multilocularis to humans in this locality. a purgation study of 371 dogs in shiqu county, sichuan province during 2002-2003 resulted in an e. multiloculari ... | 2005 | 15619374 |
| interactions between landscape changes and host communities can regulate echinococcus multilocularis transmission. | an area close to the qinghai-tibet plateau region and subject to intensive deforestation contains a large focus of human alveolar echinococcosis while sporadic human cases occur in the doubs region of eastern france. the current review analyses and compares epidemiological and ecological results obtained in both regions. analysis of rodent species assemblages within quantified rural landscapes in central china and eastern france shows a significant association between host species for the pathog ... | 2003 | 15027609 |
| epidemiology of alveolar echinococcosis with particular reference to china and europe. | human alveolar echinococcosis (ae), caused by the metacestode of the fox tapeworm echinococcus multilocularis, is the most pathogenic zoonosis in temperate and arctic regions of the northern hemisphere. prospective collection of human cases in some areas and mass screenings using ultrasound imaging and confirmation with serological techniques have markedly improved our knowledge of the epidemiology of the disease in humans during the past two decades. transmission occurs when eggs of the tapewor ... | 2003 | 15027607 |
| development of three pcr assays for the differentiation between echinococcus shiquicus, e. granulosus (g1 genotype), and e. multilocularis dna in the co-endemic region of qinghai-tibet plateau, china. | to investigate echinococcosis in co-endemic regions, three polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays based on the amplification of a fragment within the nadh dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nd1) mitochondrial gene were optimized for the detection of echinococcus shiquicus, echinococcus granulosus g1, and echinococcus multilocularis dna derived from parasite tissue or canid fecal samples. specificity using parasite tissue-derived dna was found to be 100% except for e. shiquicus primers that faintly detecte ... | 2013 | 23438764 |
| surveillance of echinococcus isolates from qinghai, china. | echinococcosis is highly endemic over large parts of the qinghai-tibet plateau (qtp), china. based on a large number of samples, we present data on the current presence, host distribution, and genetic diversity of echinococcus in the qinghai province, located in the northeastern corner of the qtp and constituting >25% of the area of the plateau. we used 521 samples (including 451 newly collected samples and 70 samples from our previous study) from humans, yaks, sheep, goats, dogs, fox, plateau p ... | 2015 | 25480467 |
| role of dog behaviour and environmental fecal contamination in transmission of echinococcus multilocularis in tibetan communities. | on the eastern tibetan plateau region (sichuan province, china) dogs are regarded as important definitive hosts of echinococcus multilocularis. we studied dog spatial behaviour in 4 tibetan villages in order to determine the role of dogs in environmental contamination and their potential interactions with small mammal intermediate hosts. we identified definitive host species and echinococcus spp. infection status of feces collected in the field by pcr methods and analysed the spatial distributio ... | 2011 | 21854704 |
| identification of the tibetan fox (vulpes ferrilata) and the red fox (vulpes vulpes) by copro-dna diagnosis. | studies on feeding habits based on faeces dissecting are imperative to understand the natural history of tibetan foxes and their functions in the transmission of a lethal zoonotic parasite, echinococcus multilocularis. however, tibetan foxes and red foxes live sympatrically on the tibetan plateau, china. therefore, the faeces of tibetan foxes must be distinguished from those of red foxes. we established a diagnostic method to distinguish the faeces of the two species by amplifying a portion of t ... | 2011 | 21429124 |
| grass height and transmission ecology of echinococcus multilocularis in tibetan communities, china. | alveolar echinococcosis is a major zoonosis of public health significance in western china. overgrazing was recently assumed as a potential risk factor for transmission of alveolar echinococcosis. the research was designed to further test the overgrazing hypothesis by investigating how overgrazing influenced the burrow density of intermediate host small mammals and how the burrow density of small mammals was associated with dog echinococcus multilocularis infection. | 2010 | 20137577 |
| [investigation on echinococcosis in animals in gannan tibetan autonomous prefecture]. | to make an investigation on echinococcosis among animals in gannan tibetan autonomous prefecture. | 2009 | 19459495 |
| cystic and alveolar echinococcosis: an epidemiological survey in a tibetan population in southeast qinghai, china. | an epidemiological investigation on echinococcosis was made in jiuzhi county of qinghai province, western china. ultrasonography and an indirect hemagglutination test revealed a morbidity of 8.0% (124/1,549) and a seroprevalence of 25.8% (287/1,113), respectively, in the tibetan population. the morbidity in herdsmen (16.6%) and buddhist priests (15%) was significantly higher than that in other occupation groups (3.2%), and it was higher in females (9.8%) than in males (6.2%). the ultrasound imag ... | 2008 | 18503183 |
| impact of overgrazing on the transmission of echinococcus multilocularis in tibetan pastoral communities of sichuan province, china. | overgrazing was assumed to increase the population density of small mammals that are the intermediate hosts of echinococcus multilocularis, the pathogen of alveolar echinococcosis in the qinghai tibet plateau. this research tested the hypothesis that overgrazing might promote echinococcus multilocularis transmission through increasing populations of small mammal, intermediate hosts in tibetan pastoral communities. | 2007 | 17355829 |
| dual infection of animal hosts with different echinococcus species in the eastern qinghai-tibet plateau region of china. | the eastern qinghai-tibet plateau of china is a highly endemic region of echinococcosis where echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (sheep strain), echinococcus multilocularis, and echinococcus shiquicus are distributed sympatrically. we developed a polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) method for the identification of the three species in this region. the pcr-rflp showed the dual infection of animals with different echinococcus spp. the first case w ... | 2006 | 16896135 |