| host preference of mosquito vectors of japanese encephalitis. | the host preference of 4 culex mosquito species collected in miaoli and pingtung counties, taiwan was studied by capillary precipitin method. antisera to alum-precipitated sera of man, bovine, swine, rabbit, horse, dog, cat, mouse, chicken, duck, and pigeon were produced in rabbits and reacted with 758 mosquito blood meals among which reactions to one or more antisera. culex annulus and culex tritaeniorhynchus summorosus showed a great avidity for pig, and culex fuscocephala for bovine. culex pi ... | 1975 | 181218 |
| occurrence of a new toxin and tetrodotoxin in two species of the gastropod mollusk nassariidae. | the lethalities of 102 specimens of three species of the gastropod mollusk nassariidae, collected from fish markets in taiwan, were examined. the frequency of toxicity in zeuxis scalaris and z. castus-like specimens was 94 and 41%, respectively. the range of lethal potency in toxic specimens of zeuxis scalaris and z. castus-like was 2-140 and 2-13 mouse units, respectively, while all tissues of z. castus were non-toxic. the toxins were partially purified from the toxic specimens of z. scalaris a ... | 1992 | 1595078 |
| isolation of toxoplasama from a taiwan field mouse. apodemus agrarius. | | 1974 | 4532149 |
| japanese encephalitis virus surveillance in the taipei area, taiwan in 1978. | attempts were made to isolate japanese encephalitis virus from mosquitoes collected with three light traps operated twice a week at three sentinel pigpens in the taipei area from may to oct. 1978. a total of 6,549 mosquitoes trapped alive were processed in 283 pools. suspensions were inoculated into aedes albopictus cell cultures and into suckling mice. a total of 19 je virus isolates were made; 12 from pools of cx. tritaeniorhynchus, 6 from cx. annulus and one from cx. quinquefaciatus. sindbis ... | 1980 | 6107994 |
| studies on trypanosomes in the taiwan monkey. | fifty-three or 9% of 594 taiwan monkeys, macaca cyclopis, were found infected with a trypanosome species. the parasites were recovered from monkey blood in diaphasic blood-agar culture medium with a locke's solution overlay. trypanosomes were found on only a few thick blood smears and no dividing or multiplying forms were found. some of the organisms had a free-flagellum (4.7 microns), an undulating membrane and both ends of the body were pointed. the total length averaged 41.7 microns; nucleus ... | 1983 | 6673131 |
| occurrence of paralytic toxin in taiwanese crab atergatopsis germaini. | paralytic toxicity was detected by paralytic shellfish poison bioassay for all 17 specimens of the xanthid crab a. germaini collected from northern taiwan in november 1993. the average toxicity of crab specimens was 3809 +/- 2591 mouse units (mean +/- s.d.). the toxin was partially purified from ethanolic extract of the crab by ultrafiltration and bio-gel p-2 column chromatography. electrophoresis, tlc, hplc, ultraviolet spectrum and gc-ms analyses indicated that the crab toxin was composed of g ... | 1996 | 8735246 |
| protection of mouse bone marrow by si-wu-tang against whole body irradiation. | the ability of si-wu-tang to eliminate bone marrow damage after radiation was assessed using both a clonogenic assay (survival of colony forming units spleen--cfus) of stem cell survival and a hematopoietic functional assay including the changes of hemograms and hematocrit. cell survival curves and dose-response curves for radiation alone and si-wu-tang administration with radiation were constructed over the dose range of 1 to 9 gy. si-wu-tang was given 7 days before irradiation at a consecutive ... | 1996 | 8735456 |
| preimplantation diagnosis of alpha-thalassemia by blastomere aspiration and polymerase chain reaction: preliminary experience. | the ability to diagnose and detect the presence of debilitating and life-threatening diseases would be an invaluable asset to those involved in in vitro fertilization programs. to investigate the possibility of diagnosing severe alpha-thalassemia before implantation, dna sequences targeting the abnormal deletion breakpoint and the normal region of the alpha-globin gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction from blastomeres aspirated from human preimplantation embryos. before performing thi ... | 1996 | 8857251 |
| acute goby poisoning in southern taiwan. | food poisoning due to ingestion of two fishes, yongeichthys nebulosus and sillago japonica, occurred in kaohsiung, taiwan, in february 1997. two male persons (48 and 58 years old) were poisoned, with symptoms featured by dizziness, nausea, vomiting, numbness, and difficulty in respiration. all of the specimens of fish retained by the victims were combined and consisted of yongeichthys nebulosus and sillago japonica. these retained specimens were assayed for anatomical distribution of toxicity (a ... | 1999 | 10091134 |
| development of helicobacter pylori infection model in balb/c mice with domestic caga-positive and -negative strains in taiwan. | we aimed to develop an h. pylori-infected mouse model using clinically stored strains in taiwan and to test whether development of h. pylori infection in an in vivo animal model is related to the status of the caga gene. a total of 100 male balb/c mice, 6-8 weeks old, including 80 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group, were used. two clinically stored h. pylori isolates, a caga-positive and a caga-negative strain, were selected to induce the h. pylori infection in half (n = 40) o ... | 1999 | 10235589 |
| establishment and characterization of a cell line (hcdb-1) derived from a hamster buccal pouch carcinoma induced by dmba and taiwanese betel quid extract. | this study identified that the carcinogenesis of hamster buccal pouch (hbp) induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba) was greatly enhanced (18 folds) by a combination treatment with taiwanese betel quid (bq) extract. a new cell line, hcdb-1, has been established from induced carcinomas. the cultured monolayer cells were epithelioid in shape with irregular nuclei. they demonstrated abundant cytokeratin and tonofilaments; however, ultrastructural well-organized desmosomes were lacking. the ... | 2000 | 10943946 |
| frequency and distribution of t-haplotypes in the southeast asian house mouse (mus musculus castaneus) in taiwan. | t-haplotypes are a meiotic drive system found on the 17th chromosome of the house mouse (mus musculus). they can be found in wild populations of all four genetically differentiated subspecies. the drive phenomenon is male-specific, such that heterozygous males (+/t) show non-mendelian transmission and transmit the t-chromosome to > 90% of their offspring. so far the most comprehensive studies on the frequencies of t-haplotypes in natural populations have been on just one of the subspecies (m. mu ... | 2001 | 11555276 |
| mutations in the ns3 gene and 3'-ncr of japanese encephalitis virus isolated from an unconventional ecosystem and implications for natural attenuation of the virus. | the t1p1 strain of japanese encephalitis (je) virus was recently isolated from paddy-free liu-chiu islet in which natural je antibody has been prevalent. in mouse neuroblastoma-derived neuro-2a cells, t1p1 appeared significantly lower in virus productivity than another local isolate, ch1392. it implied that this new isolate possesses a characteristic viral replication pattern other than that of ch1392. t1p1 has also shown lower neurovirulence, which was reflected by a significantly higher ld(50) ... | 2001 | 11601924 |
| potent cytotoxic lignans from justicia procumbens and their effects on nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in mouse macrophages. | a new lignan glycoside, 4-o-alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1' "-->2' ')-beta-d-apiofuranosyldiphyllin (2), named procumbenoside a, and 11 known compounds were isolated from the whole plant of justicia procumbens. the structure of 2 was established by spectral analysis and chemical methods. the known compounds justicidin a (1), diphyllin (3), and tuberculatin (4) showed potent cytotoxic effects against a number of cancer cells in vitro. compounds 1 and 4 also strongly enhanced tumor-necrosis factor-al ... | 2002 | 11908984 |
| tetrodotoxin in gastropods (snails) implicated in food poisoning in northern taiwan. | the toxin in the gastropods (snails) zeuxis sufflatus and niotha clathrata implicated in a food poisoning incident in northern taiwan in april 2001 was studied. the symptoms exhibited by four victims were general paresthesia, paralysis of the phalanges and the extremities, paralysis, coma, vomiting, and aphasia. the remaining gastropods were assayed for toxicity in the form of tetrodotoxin (ttx). the ranges of specimen toxicity were 345 to 1,640 mouse units (mu) for z sufflatus and 190 to 643 mu ... | 2002 | 12182492 |
| antigenic and genotypical characterization of newcastle disease viruses isolated in taiwan between 1969 and 1996. | three major epidemics of newcastle disease (nd) occurred in taiwan over the past three decades (in 1969, 1984, and 1995). in order to gain a better understanding of the relationships between past nd epizootics in taiwan, 36 nd viruses (ndvs) isolated between 1969 and 1996 were characterized antigenically and genotypically. the antigenicity of these viruses was analysed by their ability to cause binding of mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to cell cultures infected with the isolate. using a pane ... | 2004 | 15530736 |
| characterization of new o3:k6 strains and phylogenetically related strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated in taiwan and other countries. | we analysed the genetic divergence in the pandemic new o3:k6 and phylogenetically related (new o3:k6-like) strains and compare these two groups in terms of virulence and other biological traits. | 2005 | 15715859 |
| a retrospective study of hantavirus infection in kinmen, taiwan. | in this retrospective study, 140 serum samples collected from 85 scrub typhus-negative patients in kinmen island in 2000 were tested for antibodies to hantavirus using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. seven patients (8.23%) were confirmed as having hantavirus infection as demonstrated by increased hantavirus-specific immunoglobulin m and/or immunoglobulin g antibodies in their convalescent serum samples. analysis of indirect immunofluorescence assay showed that seoul type was the etiologic age ... | 2005 | 16211143 |
| mechanisms of suppression of nitric oxide production by 3-o-methylquercetin in raw 264.7 cells. | rhamnus nakaharai hayata (rhamnaceae) is used as a folk medicine in taiwan for treating constipation, inflammation, tumors, and asthma. 3-o-methylquercetin (3-mq), a main constituent of the plant, has been reported to have potential for use in the treatment of asthma. the mechanisms of anti-inflammation of 3-mq are still unclear. nitric oxide (no) production induced by lipopolysaccharide (lps) through inos expression in raw 264.7 cells, a mouse macrophage cell line, may reflect the degree of inf ... | 2006 | 16213685 |
| the efficacy of mouse-brain inactivated nakayama strain japanese encephalitis vaccine--results from 30 years experience in taiwan. | an intensive mandatory vaccination program has been underway, combating japanese encephalitis (je) since 1968 in taiwan. long-term collection of immunization records has been developed from 1967 to 2000 in this study to retrospectively assess the efficacy of the mouse-brain inactivated nakayama je vaccine. the vaccine efficacy (ve) of completing at least two doses of the je vaccine was 96.98%. among 1 to 14-year-old children, the efficacy of completing 1, 2, and 3 doses of immunization was 85.59 ... | 2006 | 16314007 |
| deregulated expression of the per1, per2 and per3 genes in breast cancers. | disruption of circadian rhythm may be a risk factor in the development of breast cancer, but molecular changes in circadian rhythm controlled genes in breast cancer cells are still unexplored. we used immunohistochemical staining, methylation specific pcr and direct sequencing methods to analyze molecular changes in three most important genes, namely per1, per2 and per3, in circadian rhythm in 55 cases of breast cancer of taiwanese women. our results reveal disturbances in the expression of the ... | 2005 | 15790588 |
| genetic variation of microsatellite loci in the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) region in the southeast asian house mouse (mus musculus castaneus). | major histocompatibility complex (mhc) genes are the most polymorphic loci known for vertebrates. here we employed five microsatellite loci closely linked to the mhc region in an attempt to study the amount of genetic variation in 19 populations of the southeast asian house mouse (mus musculus castaneus) in taiwan. the overall polymorphism at the five loci was high (he = 0.713), and the level of polymorphism varied from locus to locus. furthermore, in order to investigate if selection is operati ... | 2003 | 14620960 |
| induction of cross-protection against two wild-type taiwanese isolates of japanese encephalitis virus using beijing-1 strain dna vaccine. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, is an important human pathogen. mouse brain-derived, inactivated jev vaccines have contributed greatly to the reduction in numbers of je patients in several countries, including taiwan. however, mice immunized with the nakayama strain inactivated vaccine show lower protection against a lethal strain of beijing-1 jev than those immunized with the homologous vaccine. dna vaccine encoding the envelope (e) protein gene appears to provid ... | 2003 | 12922129 |
| characterization of an h5n1 avian influenza virus from taiwan. | in 2003, an avian influenza (ai) virus of h5n1 subtype (a/duck/china/e319-2/03; dk/chn/e319-2/03) was isolated from a smuggled duck in kinmen island of taiwan. phylogenetic analysis and pairwise comparison of nucleotide and amino acid sequences revealed that the virus displayed high similarity to the h5n1 viruses circulating in asia during 2004 and 2005. the hemagglutinin (ha) protein of the virus contained multiple basic amino acid residues (-rerrrkr-) adjacent to the cleavage site between the ... | 2007 | 17512143 |
| association between a novel 11-base pair deletion mutation in the promoter region of the scavenger receptor class b type i gene and plasma hdl cholesterol levels in taiwanese chinese. | scavenger receptor class b type i (sr-bi) is a multiligand cell-surface receptor that mediates the selective uptake of lipid from hdl cholesterol (hdl-c) into cells. this study hypothesized an association between functional variants in the promoter region of sr-bi gene and hdl-c levels. | 2003 | 12816880 |
| occurrence of tetrodotoxin and paralytic shellfish poisons in a gastropod implicated in food poisoning in southern taiwan. | the toxicity of the gastropod nassarius papillosus implicated in a food paralytic poisoning incident in liuchiu island, taiwan, in october 2005 is reported. the symptoms of a victim (67 years old) were featured by general paresthesia, paralysis of phalanges and extremities, paralysis, coma, and aphasia. the remaining specimens of shell were assayed for toxicity. the range of specimen toxicity was found to be 63-474 mouse units (mu) per specimen for n. papillosus by a tetrodotoxin (ttx) bioassay. ... | 2007 | 17613078 |
| contribution of endotoxin in macrophage cytokine response to ambient particles in vitro. | ambient particles may cause pulmonary inflammation with ensuing morbidity. particle-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines in vitro has been used as an indicator of particle toxicity. to identify particle components that were related to particle toxicity, andersen dichotomous impactors were used to collect ambient fine (pm(2.5)) and coarse (pm(2.5-10)) particles in central taiwan with extraction in endotoxin-free water. mouse monocyte-macrophage cell line raw 264.7 cells were exposed to ... | 2002 | 12167209 |
| oxygenated cembranoids from a formosan soft coral sinularia gibberosa. | chemical investigation of a formosan soft coral, sinularia gibberosa, has led to the isolation of eight oxygenated cembranoids, 1- 8, including seven new compounds, gibberosenes a-g ( 2- 8). none of these compounds were found to be cytotoxic toward a limited panel of cancer cell lines. compound 1 significantly inhibited the accumulation of the pro-inflammatory cox-2 protein of the lps-stimulated raw264.7 macrophage cells. | 2008 | 18198839 |
| population differentiation and gene flow revealed by microsatellite dna markers in the house mouse (mus musculus castaneus) in taiwan. | we analyzed population subdivision and gene flow of the southeast asian house mouse (mus musculus castaneus) in taiwan by using six microsatellite dna markers. seven populations of the house mouse (187 individuals), including one from fukien province in southeastern china, which is separated from taiwan by the taiwan strait, were analyzed in this study. the overall polymorphic level at the six loci was high (he = 0.76) although individual populations varied in their levels of heterozygosity (he ... | 2002 | 12130825 |
| aberrant expression of tsg101 in taiwan chinese breast cancer. | functional inactivation of the tsg101 gene in mouse fibroblasts results in cell transformation and the ability to form metastatic tumors in nude mice. the human tsg101 gene was mapped to chromosome 11q15.1-2 and found to mutate in some cancer patients. to test the expression pattern of the tsg 101 gene in chinese breast cancer patients, we analyzed the mrna by rt-pcr in 51 breast cancer patients. the full-length tsg101 and 7 truncated transcripts were detected in both normal and matched tumor ti ... | 2000 | 10930114 |
| expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) in oral submucous fibrosis, oral epithelial hyperkeratosis and oral epithelial dysplasia in taiwan. | to test whether the oral epithelia of oral submucous fibrosis (osf), epithelial hyperkeratosis (eh) and epithelial dysplasia (ed) may have increased proliferative activity under the long-term exposure to areca quid ingredients and whether there is an increased expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) in oral premalignant lesions with disease progression, we used an immunohistochemical technique with the mouse monoclonal antibody pc10 to investigate pcna expression in histologic se ... | 2000 | 10899674 |
| asb6 upregulation by areca nut extracts is associated with betel quid-induced oral carcinogenesis. | betel quit (bq) chewing is a popular habit, especially in southern and southeastern asia. areca nut extracts (ane), the major components of bq, have been documented to induce reactive oxygen species, and consequently to cause genetic damage. ane usage is tightly linked to oral cancer; however, the details of the molecular mechanism that results in carcinogenesis remain unclear. previously, we successfully established hacat cells surviving from the long-term exposure of sublethal doses of ane (la ... | 2009 | 19251471 |
| reproductive factors are crucial in the aetiology of breast cancer. | | 2000 | 10883681 |
| association of hla-te22 antigen with anti-nuclear antibodies in chinese patients with erosive oral lichen planus. | the purpose of this study was to determine the frequencies of the presence of serum anti-nuclear antibodies (ana) and smooth muscle antibodies (sma) in 76 patients with oral lichen planus (olp), in 77 patients with other oral mucosal diseases, and in 41 healthy control subjects. hla phenotypes in some of the patients with olp and recurrent aphthous ulcers (rau) were determined to show whether there was an association of hla antigens with the presence of autoantibodies. indirect immunofluorescenc ... | 2000 | 10809082 |
| extract isolated from angelica hirsutiflora with insulin secretagogue activity. | angelica genus (umbelliferae) has traditionally been used as the medicine and health food considered alleviating several disorders including diabetes mellitus. angelica hirsutiflora liu chao & chuang is an endemic species and a folk medicine in taiwan. | 2009 | 19429364 |
| antigenic characterization of nine wild-type taiwanese isolates of japanese encephalitis virus as compared with two vaccine strains. | the antigenic properties of nine wild-type japanese encephalitis viruses isolated in taiwan during 1990 1994 were investigated by comparison with two inactivated vaccine strains (beijing-1, nakayama-nih). all of the nine taiwanese isolates were found to induce higher cytopathology in vero cells but showed similar mouse virulence as the two vaccine strains. antigenic characterization using six e protein-specific monoclonal antibodies shows two of the nine wild-type isolates (i.e. ch1949 and ch219 ... | 1998 | 9712514 |
| antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of cardiospermum halicacabum and its reference compounds ex vivo and in vivo. | cardiospermum halicacabum (ch) has been used in chinese medicine for a long time. however, its fingerprint chromatogram, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism are still needed to be explored. therefore, the aims of this study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ch extracts and its reference compounds ex vivo and in vivo. | 2010 | 21073940 |
| expression and prognostic significance of gastric-specific annexin a10 in diffuse- and intestinal-type gastric carcinoma. | annexin a10 (anxa10) and its liver-specific short isoform (anxa10s) had tissue-restricted expression. the downregulation of anxa10s is correlated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. the aim of the present study was to validate the tissue distribution and explore the role of the anxa10 protein expression in gastric carcinoma. | 2011 | 21175800 |
| paralytic toxins in taiwanese starfish astropecten scoparius. | paralytic toxicity was seasonally detected in every 10 specimens of the starfish astropecten scoparius from pingtung in taiwan from december 1995 to november 1996. the highest toxicity and the average toxicity of total specimens, expressed as tetrodotoxin (ttx), were 5,938 and 1,679 mouse unit (mu), respectively. the highest value of monthly average toxicity in viscera and other parts were 354 and 247 mu/g, respectively. the toxin was partially purified by ym-2 membrane ultrafiltration and bio-g ... | 1998 | 9655641 |
| first report of microcystins in taiwan. | this is the first report on microcystins from microcystis aeruginosa kützing in taiwan. a total of nine strains of cyanobacteria have been isolated from eutrophic aquaculture ponds and water reservoirs. by mouse toxicity assay, six of the nine strains had ld100 in the range of 25-100 mg per kg mouse for dried bacterial mass. microcystin-lr and -rr were found in all toxic strains and their contents ranged from 0.11-10.06 microg and 0.08 2.21 microg per mg of dried bacteria, respectively. microcys ... | 1998 | 9620573 |
| toxicity and toxic components of two xanthid crabs, atergatis floridus and demania reynaudi, in taiwan. | paralytic toxicity was detected by tetrodotoxin bioassay in eight specimens of atergatis floridus and seven specimens of demania reynaudi, collected from taiwan in 1994. the toxicity of crab specimens was 161 +/- 115 (mean +/- s.d.) mouse units (mu) for a. floridus and 640 +/- 273 mu for d. reynaudi. the respective toxins were partially purified from specimens of a. floridus and d. reynaudi by ultrafiltration using a diaflo ym-1 membrane, followed by chromatography on a bio-gel p-2 column. elect ... | 1997 | 9278980 |
| seroepidemiology of hantaan virus infection in taiwan. | in order to investigate the infection rate of hantaan virus in taiwan, a total of 6,536 human serum samples were collected from residents, selected by stratified random sampling, from 19 townships covering four different ethnic groups: aborigines, fukien taiwanese, hakka taiwanese, and mainland chinese. serum samples were screened for hantaan virus antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence. the prototype hantaan virus (76/118)-infected vero e6 cells were used as the viral antigen for the antibod ... | 1996 | 8950687 |
| epizootic of low-virulence hepatotropic murine hepatitis virus in a nude mice breeding colony in taiwan. | a natural outbreak of mouse hepatitis virus infection developed in a breeding colony of nude mice in taiwan. the outbreak was unique in that morbidity was high in both adult and suckling mice, but only sucklings died. in contrast, all suckling heterozygous (nu/+) mice survived, and no lesions were found in adult female heterozygous (nu/+) mice. adult male nude mice had chronic, active, necrotizing hepatitis with syncytial giant cells, but no lesions were detected in other tissues. immunohistoche ... | 1995 | 8569149 |
| homologous and heterologous neutralization antibody responses after immunization with japanese encephalitis vaccine among taiwan children. | because 21 immunized children (13%) among the 162 confirmed japanese encephalitis (je) cases during 1986-1991 occurred in taiwan, we collected 320 serum samples from taiwan children aged 15-31 and 27-44 months immediately before the 1st dose (n = 41) and 1-3 months after the 2nd dose (n = 78, 27 pairs), and immediately before (n = 58) and 1-3 months after the 3rd dose (n = 143, 44 pairs) to determine neutralization antibody (nt ab) against the nakayama (n) and beijing-1 (b) strains and two taiwa ... | 1994 | 7852952 |
| no point mutation but a codon 31ser-->arg polymorphism of the waf-1/cip-1/p21 tumor suppressor gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc): the polymorphism distinguishes caucasians from chinese. | mutational inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene is an infrequent event in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc), a malignancy showing a high incidence in southern china and southeast asia. to examine the possible involvement of an activated p53 pathway in nasopharynx carcinogenesis, we have screened primary npc biopsies for possible point mutations in waf-1/cip-1/p21, an effector gene transcriptionally regulated by and functioning as a mediator of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. mutations ... | 1995 | 7606201 |
| first identification of acute tetrodotoxin-associated food poisoning in taiwan. | attempt was made to elucidate the responsible toxin in fish which recently caused food poisoning in ilan county, taiwan. the causative fish was assayed for anatomical distribution of toxicity (as tetrodotoxin). the roe showed the highest toxicity (1200 mouse units per gram, abbreviated as mu/g), followed by the dermis (150 mu/g) and muscle (120 mu/g). the toxins were partially purified from the methanolic extracts of the fish muscle and roe by ultrafiltration and bio-gel p-2 column chromatograph ... | 1989 | 2794928 |
| occurrence of tetrodotoxin in the gastropod mollusk natica lineata (lined moon shell). | paralytic toxicity was detected in 28 of 38 specimens of the gastropod mollusk natica lineata (lined moon shell). the highest toxicity, expressed as tetrodotoxin (ttx), was 720 mouse units per gram (mu/g) muscle, followed by other parts which included salivary gland, brain and mouth organs (28 mu/g) and digestive gland (12 mu/g). the toxin was partially purified by ultrafiltration and bio-gel p-2 column chromatography. the toxin showed a specific toxicity (as ttx) of 620 mu/mg. results of analys ... | 1990 | 2330603 |
| comparison of paralytic toxins in aquaculture of purple clam in taiwan. | food poisoning incidents due to ingesting the cultured purple clam soletellina diphos occurred in western taiwan in february 1991. clam specimens, sediment and the dinoflagellate alexandrium tamarensis were collected and assayed for lethality as paralytic shellfish poison (psp). the lethality of purple clam, wet sediment and phytoplankton was 1700 mouse units per specimen (mu/specimen), 0.05 mu/g and 3.6 x 10(-5) mu/cell, respectively. the toxins obtained from clam, sediment and phytoplankton co ... | 1992 | 1519255 |
| variation and secretion of toxins in gastropod mollusc niotha clathrata. | nearly 300 specimens of the gastropod mollusc niotha clathrata were collected in south taiwan. all specimens were assayed for toxicity by the official method for tetrodotoxin (ttx). the frequency value of toxic specimens in n. clathrata was 30.0%, 68.0% and 80.4% at anping, chiating and tungkang, respectively. the highest lethal potency of a gastropod specimen was 1900 mouse units (mu). the specimens collected from tungkang showed the highest frequency of toxic specimens and toxicity, followed b ... | 1992 | 1440624 |
| biochemical and morphological alterations in the lungs and livers of mice following exposure to polluted air in a traffic tunnel. | the air in the lin-shen tunnel in taipei is heavily polluted due to heavy traffic. to elucidate the biologic effects of air pollution, we studied the biochemical alterations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolic enzymes and histological changes in the livers and lungs in experimental mice under long-term and short-term exposure to the tunnel air. the concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the air were measured by hplc, and the mutagenicity of the extract of air particul ... | 1992 | 1283643 |
| the isolation of japanese encephalitis virus from taiwan mosquitoes by mosquito cell cultures and mouse inoculation. | | 1978 | 29127 |
| characterization and gene expression profiling of five new human embryonic stem cell lines derived in taiwan. | many human embryonic stem cell (hesc) lines have been reported, but only a few of them have been fully characterized. in this report, five new hesc lines were derived from 32 discarded blastocysts in taiwan, and these lines were continuously cultured on mitotically inactivated mouse embryonic fibroblast (mef) feeder layer in the hesc medium for more than 44 passages and underwent freezing/thawing processes. all five hesc lines expressed characteristic undifferentiated hesc markers, such as ssea- ... | 2006 | 16978057 |
| p53 protein accumulation as a prognostic marker in sporadic colorectal cancer. | p53 protein plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of a large number of malignancies. in this study, our goal was to elucidate the prognostic role of p53 overexpression and its relationship to clinicopathological variables in colorectal cancer. | 2007 | 17021749 |
| capsular serotype k1 or k2, rather than maga and rmpa, is a major virulence determinant for klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess in singapore and taiwan. | capsular serotypes, maga, and rmpa have been documented in high prevalence for klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess. to investigate the regional difference and the correlation of capsular serotype, maga, and rmpa with virulence, 73 isolates were collected in singapore and taiwan. capsular serotypes were determined by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis, the presence of maga and rmpa was determined by pcr, and virulence was determined by phagocytosis and mouse inoculation. isolates from singapore ... | 2007 | 17151209 |
| comparative anti-inflammatory characterization of wild fruiting body, liquid-state fermentation, and solid-state culture of taiwanofungus camphoratus in microglia and the mechanism of its action. | taiwanofungus camphoratus (syn. antrodia camphorata), a medicinal mushroom in taiwan, is reputed to provide several therapeutic benefits, but the wild fruiting body is very rare. in this study, we used taiwanofungus camphoratus extracts from wild fruiting bodies and two types of artificial cultivation (solid-state culture and liquid-state fermentation) to examine their anti-inflammatory effects in microglia cells and their possible roles in protection against neurodegenerative diseases. first, e ... | 2007 | 17590297 |
| design and validation of a desk-free and posture-independent input device. | this study investigates variations in performance, postures and strains on the hand-arm-shoulder musculature during the operation of a wireless mouse, trackpad and a new input device. the device is held between the flexed index and middle fingers with the palm facing sideways. the buttons and wheels are activated by flexion and/or rolling of the thumb. eleven males and nine females participated in the study. all subjects performed an aiming task to test the pointing and dragging functions. the r ... | 2008 | 18022139 |
| differential parental transmission of markers in runx2 among cleft case-parent trios from four populations. | isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (cl/p) is among the most common human birth defects, with a prevalence around 1 in 700 live births. the runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx2) gene has been suggested as a candidate gene for cl/p based largely on mouse models; however, no human studies have focused on runx2 as a risk factor for cl/p. this study examines the association between markers in runx2 and isolated, nonsyndromic cl/p using a case-parent trio design, while considering p ... | 2008 | 18357615 |
| comparison of prevalence of virulence factors for klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscesses between isolates with capsular k1/k2 and non-k1/k2 serotypes. | hypermucoviscosity, rmpa (regulator of mucoid phenotype), aerobactin (an iron siderophore), kfu (an iron uptake system), alls (associated with allantoin metabolism), and k1/k2 capsules are important virulence determinants in klebsiella pneumoniae for liver abscesses. we determined the prevalence of these virulence factors of 50 nonrepeat k. pneumoniae isolates recovered from patients with primary liver abscesses who were treated at 2 medical centers in taiwan. virulence genes were surveyed by po ... | 2008 | 18486404 |
| different patterns of food consumption and locomotor activity among taiwanese native rodents, formosan wood mice (apodemus semotus), and common laboratory mice, c57bl/6 (mus musculus). | the comparisons of food consumption and locomotor activity among taiwan native rodents, formosan wood mice (apodemus semotus), and laboratory mice, c57bl/6, were examined in this study. the food consumption exhibited the circadian rhythmicity, e.g. higher in the lights-off period and lower in the lights-on period, in either formosan wood mice (wm) or c57bl/6 mice. we also found that formosan wm ate more food than c57bl/6 mice in the lights-off period and the whole day in males, but not in female ... | 2008 | 18935907 |
| prey envenomation does not improve digestive performance in taiwanese pit vipers (trimeresurus gracilis and t. stejnegeri stejnegeri). | it has been a common belief that snake venom may help in the digestion of its prey, although direct examples and supporting evidence have not been sufficient. to address this, the present study examined whether preinjecting natural amounts of pit viper venom into experimental mice may accelerate their digestion by the snakes or gain energy benefit as compared to the control without the envenomation. live adults of two asian pit viper species trimeresurus gracilis and t. stejnegeri stejnegeri, wh ... | 2009 | 19256079 |
| new 19-oxygenated and 4-methylated steroids from the formosan soft coral nephthea chabroli. | chemical investigation of the formosan soft coral nephthea chabroli resulted in the isolation of four new 19-oxygenated steroids, nebrosteroids i-l (1-4), together with a new 4alpha-methylated steroid, nebrosteroid m (5). the molecular structures of these isolated metabolites were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and by comparison of the data with those of related metabolites. compounds 1-5 were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using raw 264.7 macrophages. | 2009 | 19428443 |
| microbial contaminations of laboratory mice and rats in taiwan from 2004 to 2007. | limited data are available on the pathogen status of contemporary rodent colonies in taiwan. here we summarized the rodent pathogen diagnostic records of the taiwan national laboratory animal center during a 4-y period that representing approximately 10% of the rodent colonies in taiwan. demand for pathogen diagnostic service increased continuously from 2004 to 2007, with a 20% increase each year. in 2007, more than 20% of the mouse colonies were positive for mouse parvovirus, mouse hepatitis vi ... | 2009 | 19653946 |
| identification of potential hosts and vectors of scrub typhus and tick-borne spotted fever group rickettsiae in eastern taiwan. | scrub typhus and tick-borne spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsioses are transmitted by chiggers (larval trombiculid mites) and hard ticks, respectively. we assessed exposure to these disease vectors by extensively sampling both chiggers and ticks and their small mammal hosts in eastern taiwan during 2007 and 2008. the striped field mouse apodemus agrarius pallas (rodentia: muridae) was the most common of the small mammals (36.1% of 1393 captures) and presented the highest rate of infestation wit ... | 2011 | 21223345 |
| lingo-2 polymorphism and the risk of parkinson's disease in taiwan. | ''leucine-rich repeat (lrr) and immunoglobulin (ig) domain containing, nogo receptor-interacting protein-1'' also known as lingo-1 is a protein encoded by the lingo-1 gene in human. lingo-1 protein has been demonstrated to play a role in the structural plasticity and integrity of dopaminergic neurons as well as their survival in animal models of parkinson's disease (pd). the lingo family includes lingo-1 to lingo-4. in two of them, lingo-1 and lingo-2 expressions are detectable in the adult mous ... | 2011 | 22123311 |
| Molecular typing and virulence analysis of serotype K1 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from liver abscess patients and stool samples from noninfectious subjects in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan. | Serotype K1 Klebsiella pneumoniae with multilocus sequence type 23 (ST23) has been strongly associated with liver abscess in Taiwan. Few data regarding the strain types and virulence of this serotype from other Asian countries are available. Serotype K1 K. pneumoniae strains isolated from liver abscess and stool samples from subjects hospitalized in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan hospitals were examined. Forty-seven serotype K1 isolates were identified: 26 from liver abscess samples and 21 fro ... | 2011 | 21900521 |