| chemotherapy of falciparum malaria: regional differences in responsiveness to treatment. | a review of chloroquine and sulfa-antifol combination treated falciparum malaria patients revealed a high incidence of chloroquine-resistance, wither r1 or r2, in patients infected in southeast asia or oceania. in addition, more than one tenth of the patients infected in laos or thailand were resistant to sulfa-antifol combinations. chloroquine-resistant cases were sensitive to sulfa-antifol combinations. on the other hand, while all patients treated in tokyo who had been infected in africa or s ... | 1979 | 396391 |
| malaria threat to the seychelles. | | 1976 | 788847 |
| high seasonal malaria transmission rates in the intermediate rainfall zone of sri lanka. | malaria transmission was studied at nikawehera, a long-established farming village, located in the intermediate rainfall zone of sri lanka. observations were made over a 12-month period (october-september) that included the main rainy season which occurred during the north-east monsoon in november-january. anolpheles culicifacies, the recognized vector of malaria in sri lanka, was the predominant anopheline mosquito collected by human night baiting at nikawehera. high entomological inoculation r ... | 1992 | 1304700 |
| [stability and chemosensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in 1990 and 1991 in ankazobe, a village in high plateau madagascar]. | the in vivo and in vitro response of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine was conducted in ankazobe, a village located in the high plateau area. these studies confirmed the low level of chloroquine-resistance. the in vivo data indicate the absence of increase resistance during the 2 years study. chloroquine is still the drug of choice for the treatment of malaria attack in this area. | 1992 | 1422272 |
| [malaria in the dunkerque hospital center from december 1979 to december 1990]. | seventy-one cases of malaria were diagnosed in the hospital of dunkerque from 1979 to 1990. forty-five patients have been infected in the comores islands. among the 24 other imported cases, 17 (71%) have been contaminated in western or central africa. one case of congenital malaria and one of malaria acquired by blood transfusion are also reported. plasmodium falciparum was detected in 84.5% of the patients. the four human species were found among the comorians. two cases with abnormal forms of ... | 1992 | 1443798 |
| malaria transmission at a new irrigation project in sri lanka: the emergence of anopheles annularis as a major vector. | malaria transmission was studied in a newly irrigated area of the mahaweli project in the dry zone of sri lanka. observations were performed for a three-month period following the northeast monsoon. parasitemia in the population varied from 20.2% in february to 7% in may, and infection was due to both plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax. night catches of mosquitoes collected with human bait included a high proportion of anopheles annularis. mosquitoes containing sporozoites in the salivary glands ... | 1992 | 1449195 |
| observations on malaria patients seeking treatment in hospitals in a rural and an urban area of sri lanka. | malaria in sri lanka is endemic in the dry zone and occurs during epidemics in the wet zone. a survey was carried out on malaria patients presenting at a hospital located in a predominantly rural area in the dry zone (polonnaruwa) and an urban area in the wet zone (ragama). higher incidence of plasmodium falciparum infections than reported nationally were observed in both locations. of particular interest is the rapidity with which patients gained access to hospital treatment after the onset of ... | 1992 | 1459297 |
| malaria transmission and vector biology on sainte marie island, madagascar. | a 17-mo longitudinal malaria survey (november 1988-march 1990) was carried out on sainte marie island, an area on the east coast of madagascar which is frequently visited by tourists. during 706 man-nights of capture, 46,401 mosquitoes belonging to 32 species were caught. sporozoite rates were determined by elisa and incriminated anopheles gambiae giles s.s., an. funestus giles, and an. mascarensis de meillon as vectors of malaria. an. gambiae, the main vector, was highly anthropophilic but larg ... | 1992 | 1495029 |
| is anopheles mascarensis a new malaria vector in madagascar? | anopheles mascarensis de meillon, 1947, a mosquito that is native to madagascar, is reported for the first time to act as a vector of plasmodium falciparum malaria. from september 1989 to march 1990, 2, 499 an. mascarensis specimens from different regions of madagascar were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), using monoclonal antibodies against the circumsporozoite (cs) protein of the four human species of plasmodium. the salivary glands of 237 specimens were also dissected. ... | 1992 | 1536380 |
| anti-circumsporozoite protein antibodies measure age related exposure to malaria in kataragama, sri lanka. | antibodies to two peptides ddaad and (nanp)40 representing the repetitive sequence of circumsporozoite antigens (cs protein) of p. vivax and p. falciparum respectively were measured in a cohort of 149 and 107 individuals respectively at four, 6 monthly blood surveys performed on residents of kataragama, a p. vivax malaria endemic region in southern sri lanka. the prevalence of antibodies to the cs protein of both species was relatively low being less than 20% to either peptide in the population ... | 1992 | 1557232 |
| [longitudinal study on malaria transmission and biology of vectors in the island of sainte marie, on the east coast of madagascar, from 1988 to 1990]. | a 17-month longitudinal malaria survey was carried out in sainte marie island, on the east coast of madagascar, from november 1988 to march 1990. during 706 man-nights of captures, 46401 mosquitoes belonging to 32 species were caught. sporozoïte rates were calculated by elisa. the malaria vectors were anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, an. funestus and an. mascarensis. an. gambiae was the main vector. it was highly anthropophilic and partially exophilic. transmission by this species mainly occurre ... | 1991 | 1688287 |
| longitudinal study of the cellular response to pf155/resa and circumsporozoite protein in madagascar. | in a community follow-up conducted in the central highlands of madagascar, the cellular responses to synthetic peptides from the immunodominant regions of pf155/resa and the repeat region of the circumsporozoite protein were studied. seasonal variations of the t cell response were measured at the individual level; the relationship between this response and the presence of parasites in blood was assessed; the question of the possible protective value of the lymphocyte proliferation in presence of ... | 1990 | 1704347 |
| transmission and epidemiology of newly transmitted falciparum malaria in the central highland plateaux of madagascar. | the recent reappearance of plasmodium falciparum in the central highland plateaux of madagascar has led to an important increase in both morbidity and mortality in the population. to understand the phenomena that originated this outbreak, and to evaluate the clinical and biological reactions of the population, we conducted entomological surveys during the whole malaria transmission season of 1988. in parallel, 41 individuals presenting with a malaria attack in january were given a curative antim ... | 1991 | 1746977 |
| [antibody levels against circumsporozoitic protein of plasmodium falciparum and their use as epidemiological indicators of malaria transmission in fir of comoros]. | epidemiological survey on prevalence of plasmodium falciparum anti-circumsporozoite antibodies (ab-cs) was carried out in 21 villages of comoros fir, at the beginning of 1988 rainy season. evaluation of anopheline indoor resting densities was also carried out at the same time. frequencies of antibody-positive subjects vary considerably in the different villages, according to the anopheles gambiae and a. funestus densities per room, which are determined by ecological factors. ab-cs prevalence var ... | 1991 | 1789679 |
| plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission indices in a highland village of the ikopa river valley near antananarivo, madagascar. | data are reported from a malaria survey carried out in june 1991 in the small village of ankadimbazinba, near miantso, about 45 km north-west of antananarivo (madagascar). the objective was to evaluate the level of transmission of p. falciparum by entomological, parasitological and serological indices. all indices were found consistent with the description of a focus of hyperendemic transmission dependent on the presence of an. funestus at high density, corresponding to more than 50 females per ... | 1991 | 1844515 |
| clustering of malaria infections within an endemic population: risk of malaria associated with the type of housing construction. | the occurrence of malaria infections due to plasmodium vivax and p. falciparum was monitored in a population of 3,023 people living in six contiguous villages in kataragama, an area of endemic malaria in southern sri lanka, over a period of 17 months. the annual incidence of malaria in this population during the study period was 25.8%. malaria attacks were clustered, occurring more frequently than expected in certain individuals and housing groups and less frequently than expected in others. in ... | 1991 | 1867350 |
| anopheline ecology and malaria infection during the irrigation development of an area of the mahaweli project, sri lanka. | a study on adult anopheline ecology and malaria vector incrimination was carried out from 1986 to 1989 during irrigation development in an area of the mahaweli project in eastern sri lanka. eleven potential vector species were collected resting indoors or by using human or bovid bait, and from light trap catches. overall, anopheles vagus (donitz), an. annularis (van der wulp), and an. subpictus (grassi) were the most prevalent, and an. culicifacies (giles) and an. barbirostris (van der wulp) wer ... | 1991 | 1877717 |
| [clinical experiences with mefloquine in tropical malaria--a prospective study]. | the therapeutic effects and side effects of mefloquine in falciparum malaria were investigated in an open prospective trial involving 20 patients. none of them had a history of neurologic or psychiatric disorders. mefloquine was given in a total dose of 1500 mg base. the cure rate was 100%, fever and parasitemia subsided within 3 days. side effects were vomitus and nausea in 25% of the patients. no neurological or psychiatric disorders were observed. mefloquine was shown to be a safe therapeutic ... | 1991 | 1916870 |
| infectious reservoir of plasmodium vivax and plasmodium falciparum malaria in an endemic region of sri lanka. | the infectious reservoir of plasmodium vivax and p. falciparum in a malaria endemic region in sri lanka was defined in a population of 3,625 by directly feeding mosquitoes on a sample of infected individuals during a period of 17 months. the malaria case incidence in this population was concurrently monitored. p. vivax gametocyte densities were highest in the youngest age groups, and decreased steadily with increasing age. however, the infectivity per gametocyte appeared to be lower in the young ... | 1991 | 1951856 |
| lymphoproliferative responses to synthetic peptides from merozoite ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen and circumsporozoite protein: a longitudinal study during a falciparum malaria episode. | proliferative responses of peripheral blood lymphocytes to synthetic peptides representing major epitopes of two malaria antigens (the merozoite ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen and the sporozoite circumsporozoite protein) were investigated in madagascar during a clinical plasmodium falciparum episode. thirty-seven patients greater than 10 years of age were enrolled at the beginning of the malaria transmission season and followed for four weeks. at enrollment, when the subjects presente ... | 1991 | 1951864 |
| assessment of the protective value of antibodies to the plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa): an epidemiologic study in madagascar. | the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa), a plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigen, is a major vaccine candidate against falciparum malaria. to investigate the protective role of antibodies to resa and its 4-mer, 8-mer, and 11-mer repeated amino acid sequences under conditions of natural exposure, a case-control and a cohort study were carried out in 1988 in a rural community in madagascar where malaria reappeared recently. fifty cases with greater than 1,000 p. falciparum per micro ... | 1991 | 1985446 |
| pefloxacin for falciparum malaria: only modest success. | | 1991 | 2014948 |
| [malaria in 1989 in a village in the highland plateaux of madagascar. parasitologic and clinical data obtained in a longitudinal study of a population representative of this region]. | | 1990 | 2078077 |
| [preliminary study on malaria transmission at the end of the rainy season in mahitsy near tananarive]. | this survey carried out from march to june 1989, demonstrated the important part of an. funestus in malaria transmission, in mahisty, a village near the malagasy capital city. end of march, the number of an. funestus bites reached 6 per man per night, and only 0.75 for an. gambiae s.l. in march a mean of 23 an. funestus per room were found as indoor resting mosquitoes. one indoor resting an. funestus, caught in june, was positive against p. vivax by elisa. observed of 52 indoor-resting an. funes ... | 1990 | 2078087 |
| [malaria in the island of sainte marie in 1989. epidemiologic, parasitologic, serologic and clinical data]. | | 1990 | 2078089 |
| [parasitologic and serologic study of a population of schoolchildren in a village of the highland plateaux of madagascar: manarintsoa (1987 to 1989)]. | | 1990 | 2078090 |
| [aspects of in vivo chemosensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in a village of the highland plateaux of madagascar in 1989]. | | 1990 | 2078091 |
| [seroepidemiologic evaluation of malaria in mayotte (comoro archipelago) 1984-1988]. | in the context of a research programme on the immunology of malaria in the islands of the south-west of the indian ocean, seroepidemiological studies by means of sampling surveys have been carried out annually in mayotte island (comoro archipelago) from 1984 to 1988. apart from the transient character of the increases in rates in the wake of the epidemic outbreak of 1984, the evolution of the antibody geometric mean reciprocal titre (gmrt) by age reveals a negativation of population at large, fa ... | 1990 | 2085912 |
| antibody responses to plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax sporozoites in areas with stable and unstable malaria. | availability of synthetic and recombinant peptides reproducing the repetitive regions of the circumsporozoite (cs) proteins of plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax has allowed the development of assays for the detection of specific antibodies and of potential subunit vaccines. knowledge of the immune responses to malaria sporozoites is a prerequisite for the optimal design of a sporozoite antigen-based vaccine. studies carried out in areas with stable p. falciparum malaria (united republic of tanz ... | 1990 | 2094587 |
| antibodies to plasmodium falciparum sporozoites following a malarial outbreak in a non-endemic area of sri lanka. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on the synthetic peptide (nanp)40 was used to characterize the sporozoite antibodies in an unusual plasmodium falciparum outbreak in a non-malarious area in sri lanka. a positive antibody response was seen in 62% of patients with their first p. falciparum illness. there was no correlation between sporozoite antibodies and the antibody against blood stages, determined by immunofluorescence assay. the majority (91%) of the patients lost the antibo ... | 1990 | 2111943 |
| characteristics of malaria transmission in kataragama, sri lanka: a focus for immuno-epidemiological studies. | parasitological and entomological parameters of malaria transmission were monitored for 17 months in 3,625 residents in a plasmodium vivax malaria endemic region in southern sri lanka; the study area consisted of 7 contiguous villages where routine national malaria control operations were being conducted. malaria was monitored in every resident; fever patients were screened and 4 periodical mass blood surveys were conducted. an annual malaria incidence rate of 23.1% was reported during the perio ... | 1990 | 2184688 |
| newly transmitted plasmodium falciparum malaria in the central highland plateaux of madagascar: assessment of clinical impact in a rural community. | plasmodium falciparum has recently reappeared in the central highland plateaux of madagascar. to define its role in the overall malaria pathology occurring during the rainy season, we conducted a clinical and parasitological study among the 2776 consultants of a malaria field health centre which we established in the middle of the transmission area. from january to june 1988 the overall parasite rate was 63.2% and did not vary with age; the overall splenic rate was 46.9%, decreasing in individua ... | 1990 | 2194688 |
| malaria transmission and vector biology in manarintsoa, high plateaux of madagascar. | to evaluate the factors which determine the transmission level of falciparum malaria, entomological and parasitological surveys were conducted from october 1988 to february 1990 in manarintsoa in the central highland plateaux of madagascar. mosquitoes were collected for 928 man-nights in pit shelters and indoor resting sites. malaria vectors were anopheles arabiensis and an. funestus, with no evidence of the presence of an. gambiae sensu stricto. vectors were mainly exophilic and zoophilic. the ... | 1990 | 2202220 |
| [ecological factors in the renewed outbreak of malaria in madagascar]. | the new epidemic of malaria which spread on the madagascar high plateau in 1986-1987 is due to the combination of several factors (some of which are analysed by the authors, especially those related to anopheles, parasite and man). the authors compare the situations on the high plateau and on st mary island, on the east madagascar coast, where the malaria is stable. concerning the vector, the most interesting fact is the come-back of anopheles funestus on the high plateau from which it had disap ... | 1990 | 2208464 |
| humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to the plasmodium falciparum antigens pf155/resa and cs protein: seasonal variations in a population recently reexposed to endemic malaria. | resurgence of falciparum malaria occurred in the central highlands of madagascar in the 1980s and the disease is currently hyperendemic. we determined the humoral and cellular responses to synthetic peptides reproducing the repeat sequences of 2 major plasmodium falciparum antigens: the pf155/resa and the circumsporozoite (cs) protein. blood samples from 83 subjects living in a rural community near antananarivo were obtained at the beginning and the end of the transmission season. at enrollment, ... | 1990 | 2221217 |
| the malaria epidemic in antananarivo observed from pediatric service "a" of the befelatanana general hospital. | a recent malaria epidemic striking antananarivo, the capital city of madagascar, is shown from hospital records of pediatric service "a" of the befelatanana general hospital. from 1980 to 1988 malaria cases in this hospital service increased from 0.9% to 14.4% of all admissions (on average 1785 per year). the unexpected expansion is observed in 1984, 1985 and 1986 and since that time malaria has apparently maintained a stable endemic level. malaria mortality as a proportion of general mortality ... | 1989 | 2487897 |
| [imported falciparum malaria in marseilles hospitals in 1987. apropos of 104 cases]. | patients were composed of 85 adults and 19 children; 70 were european, 23 comorian; malaria was contracted by 9 patients in french guyana, 60 in africa, 23 in comoro islands; prophylaxis was correct for 45 patients (nearly all of the cases with chloroquine) when the first symptoms occurred. every case of malaria appeared during the month following their return from an endemic area. fever was often moderate or intermittent, altered by prophylaxis and previous treatments. some patients had a clini ... | 1989 | 2663206 |
| [in vivo chemosensitivity of plasmodium falciparum in the islamic federal republic of the comoros]. | the rfi des comores is classified by who as an area where p. falciparum resistance to chloroquine is rare or low. after reviewing the existing data, the authors are giving the results of an in vivo research in 1988-1989. 1.35 of the tests with 25 mg/kg were positive the 7th day, 3.38% of 207 tests with 20 mg/kg, 10.77% of 232 tests with 10 mg/kg, 21.56% of 51 tests on 5 mg/kg. | 1989 | 2680133 |
| integrated malaria control achieves results in mayotte. | a malaria control campaign in the island territory of mayotte has achieved remarkable success owing to the integration of activities with the general health service and to the high degree of decentralization practised. | 1989 | 2692591 |
| sudden increase in number of isolates of plasmodium falciparum resistant to chloroquine in madagascar. | | 1989 | 2694490 |
| efficacy of a 3-day oral regimen of a quinine-quinidine-cinchonine association (quinimax) for treatment of falciparum malaria in madagascar. | in the search for an effective, safe and field-adapted alternative to chloroquine for therapy of chloroquine-resistant plasmodium falciparum infections in africa, a 3-d oral regimen of quinimax (an association of quinine, quinidine and cinchonine) was evaluated in 35 individuals with p. falciparum in madagascar, an area with chloroquine resistance. 63% of the parasite strains isolated were resistant in vitro to chloroquine, and 59% of the infections were present despite previous chloroquine inta ... | 1989 | 2694508 |
| [malaria in ile de sainte marie in 1988. epidemiological approach. chloroquine sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum]. | the malaria research unit of the madagascar pasteur institute and the local health authorities carried out a study in the sainte marie island in august 1988. epidemiological results were in agreement with those previously reported in areas of endemic malaria. parasite and splenomegaly rates were 34.6 and 35.9% respectively, by both active and passive cases detection. analysis of parasite densities and clinical symptoms in the various age groups demonstrates that protective immunity is absent in ... | 1989 | 2699221 |
| [antimalarial serology in 1987-1988 in the highland plateaux, the east coast and the south of madagascar]. | we studied 521 serum samples collected in 1987-88 in the highland plateaux and the east coast of madagascar, two areas presenting different levels of malaria endemicity. total anti-plasmodium falciparum antibodies were investigated by an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa). antibodies directed to the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa) were investigated by a modified ifa (mifa). results were analysed in regards to malariological parameters (parasite and splenomegaly rates) colle ... | 1989 | 2699222 |
| [the treatment of plasmodium falciparum malaria in the malagasy highland plateaux. development of fever and parasite density. clinical aspects]. | in 1988, the sensitivity to chloroquine was investigated by the standard who in vivo test in 91 plasmodium falciparum-infected individuals from the highland plateaux of madagascar. as compared to the previous years, the level of resistance to chloroquine was increased, r2 resistant strains being present. this study also allows to define a policy for chloroquine therapy of patients. following the malaria diagnosis by microscopy at do, a single blood smear on d4 may indicate the parasitological cu ... | 1989 | 2699223 |
| [malaria in 1988 in a village of the malagasy highland plateaux. epidemiological findings]. | in 1988, the malaria research unit of the madagascar pasteur institute settled an out-patients clinic in manarintsoa, a village of the highland plateaux where epidemic malaria appeared recently. 2776 consultants presented between january and june. in addition, the 200 schoolchildren were examined thrice. for each individual, clinical examination and thick and thin blood smears were performed. in the out-patients, parasite rates were above 50% each month and in each age group; the mean parasite r ... | 1989 | 2699226 |
| [sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to different antimalarials. a study in 1988 in a village in the hauts-plateaux of madagascar]. | since a few years, malaria has reappeared in the central highland plateaux of madagascar. from 1983 to 1987, plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine remained stable, with a low frequency of r2 therapeutic failures. in 1988, a study was conducted in the village of manarintsoa, 15 km from tananarive. ninety-one who in vivo standard tests were performed. in vitro efficacy of amodiaquine and quinine was also studied. in vitro, the efficacy of chloroquine, quinine, and mefloquine was measured ... | 1989 | 2699273 |
| geographic diversity of plasmodium falciparum antibodies in madagascar. | plasma samples from 50 subjects living in three distinct regions in madagascar (ankazobe, manakara, and foulpointe) were studied by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of immunoprecipitated proteins from a plasmodium falciparum strain (fcm22/madagascar) which had been biosynthetically labelled with 35s-methionine and maintained in long-term in-vitro culture. four major proteins with molecular weights of 96, 100, 110, and 118 kd were precipitated by plasma from ankazobe, wh ... | 1985 | 2857815 |
| reappearance of falciparum malaria in central highland plateaux of madagascar. | | 1988 | 2894515 |
| [in vitro sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in the highland region of madagascar in 1987]. | with the le bras's isotopic semi-microtest method, the authors have studied 139 strains of plasmodium falciparum isolated in a village near tananarive in the highlands of madagascar. conditional malariometric rates show the increase of the recrudescence of malaria in the area which was recently considered as "surveillance area". 5.8% of the 139 studied strains show an in vitro resistance higher than 120 nmoles/l, but whose the level is ever lower than in africa. 4.3% exhibit a level between 90 a ... | 1988 | 3052898 |
| [malaria in a village of the high plateau area of madagascar in 1987. present status of plasmodium falciparum sensitivity to chloroquine. in vitro study. some epidemiologic findings]. | | 1988 | 3071974 |
| [study of malaria serology using indirect immunofluorescence in children of the tananarive area. 1987]. | | 1988 | 3071975 |
| in vitro response of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and mefloquine in southeast madagascar. | 46 isolates of plasmodium falciparum collected in the tolagnaro (fort dauphin) area of southeast madagascar were assessed with who in vitro micro-technique test kits to determine their susceptibility to chloroquine and mefloquine. the results of the tests indicated low grade resistance to chloroquine and satisfactory response to mefloquine. | 1988 | 3071976 |
| immunological characteristics of malaria antibodies in two regions of madagascar. | antibodies directed against antigens of the asexual blood stages of plasmodium falciparum were studied in the plasma of 29 individuals infected with p. falciparum and living in two areas of madagascar. these plasma samples were investigated by four immunological methods: indirect fluorescence, immunoprecipitation of radiolabeled p. falciparum polypeptides, inhibition of the in vitro growth of p. falciparum, and double diffusion in a gelose plate. a multifactorial correspondence analysis of the r ... | 1987 | 3108313 |
| [sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to quinolines and therapeutic strategies: comparison of the situation in africa and madagascar between 1983 and 1986]. | one thousand and twenty six p. falciparum strains isolated from cases imported in france and field surveys in four regions of africa and madagascar were studied in vitro against chloroquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, quinine and mefloquine, 917 in vivo tests were performed during field studies with chloroquine (10 and 25 mg/kg) and amodiaquine (10, 25, 35 mg/kg). in madagascar, the chemoresistance remained low and stable during the study period, concerning mostly chloroquine (11% in vitro and in ... | 1987 | 3319258 |
| [in vivo and in vitro sensitivity to 4-aminoquinolines of plasmodium falciparum in madagascar: results of a study conducted on the east coast (july 1985-july 1986)]. | | 1987 | 3330414 |
| [in vivo and in vitro study of the chemosensitivity of plasmodium falciparum in madagascar--1982-1986]. | | 1987 | 3330415 |
| [resistance of plasmodium falciparum to 4-aminoquinolines. a review based on the madagascar experience]. | | 1987 | 3330416 |
| [status of malarial endemic in nosy-be in february, 1984]. | | 1986 | 3541817 |
| [drug sensitivity of malaria in madagascar. comparison in vivo and in vitro of the effects of chloroquine and amodiaquine on p. falciparum in 1984]. | | 1986 | 3541818 |
| a delayed onset cerebellar syndrome complicating falciparum malaria. | | 1986 | 3555874 |
| plasmodium falciparum in madagascar: in vivo and in vitro sensitivity to seven drugs. | the sensitivity level of plasmodium falciparum isolates to chloroquine and the activity of six other antimalarials were studied in the different climatic zones of madagascar in 1983. in vivo tests were done with 10 and 25 mg kg-1 of chloroquine and amodiaquine. early recrudescence or rii resistance was observed after treatment with 10 mg kg-1 of these drugs in 34% of the cases for chloroquine and 6.5% for amodiaquine, and after the 25 mg kg-1 dose in 7% and 0% of the cases respectively. in vitro ... | 1985 | 3907555 |
| [in vivo and in vitro sensitivity to 4-aminoquinolines of plasmodium falciparum in madagascar: results of 2 years' study]. | 563 cases of falciparum malaria were detected in 1984 and 1985 in 7 malarial zones covering 3 climatic regions in madagascar. all subjects underwent a therapeutic test; 175 strains of plasmodium falciparum were isolated for in vitro drug sensitivity studies. 28 strains which were moderately chloroquine resistant in vitro were identified in 1983 in these various zones. however, 16% strains studied in 1984 in alatsinainy (plateaux area), were chloroquine-resistant in vitro. the in vitro sensitivit ... | 1985 | 3910289 |
| seroepidemiological evidence of eradication of malaria from mauritius. | | 1973 | 4125305 |
| [compared receptivity of species a and b of the anopheles gambiae to plasmodium falciparum in madagascar]. | | 1972 | 4575357 |
| letter: delayed attacks of malaria in visitors to the tropics. | | 1973 | 4591006 |
| some aspects of malaria and its control. | | 1971 | 4949030 |
| amodiaquine and chloroquine efficacy against plasmodium falciparum in madagascar. | | 1984 | 6145017 |
| [chloroquine resistance of plasmodium falciparum in africa: current status and proposals for surveillance methods]. | 34 case-reports of type ri resistance of p. falciparum to chloroquine published between 1975 and 1982 are reviewed. the patients were non-immune travellers infected in east africa and in the neighbouring islands, especially tanzania, kenya and madagascar. the increase in number and level of resistance might be a problem in africa. a monitoring system of the patient and in the field is proposed and the possibilities of prevention and control are discussed. | 1983 | 6347413 |
| [malarial hemolysis and renal insufficiency]. | the authors report on 5 cases of malarial haemolytic anemia associated with renal insufficiency over a 3 years period at girard and robic hospital resuscitation department. as the occurrence of these forms is somewhat frequent in madagascar, the differential diagnosis has to be established from cerebral malaria. the primary diagnostic difficulties are reviewed, the various kinds of renal insufficiency are considered and the physico-pathologic troubles are anticipated. the prognosis is relatively ... | 1983 | 6358767 |
| decreased chloroquine sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum in two italian travellers from madagascar. | | 1984 | 6380018 |
| the impact of malaria chemoprophylaxis in africa with special reference to madagascar, cameroon, and senegal. | some past and present experiences in the use of antimalarial drugs, particularly for chemoprophylaxis, are reviewed. the failure in the long term of mass chemoprophylaxis with weekly chloroquine in children in madagascar, cameroon, and senegal is discussed, the reasons for failure being an increasing lack of resources to ensure regular drug distribution and lack of supervision of dosage.the increasing number of reports confirming chloroquine resistance from east africa over the last decade poses ... | 1984 | 6397276 |
| [4-aminoquinoline-sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum in madagascar. i. study in two regions of the west coast]. | two three weeks field studies were performed in morondava (west coast) and nosy be (north west coast) respectively in january and april 1983. among 110 malarial patients recruited through passive detection, 70 in vivo tests and 37 in vitro tests were performed. in vivo, within 7 days 10 mg/kg chloroquine failed in 8 of the 21 treated patients, 25 mg/kg chloroquine failed in 1/43 and none of these patients treated with 10 mg/kg amodiaquine failed. in vitro, 5 among 37 isolates had chloroquine ic5 ... | 1984 | 6398672 |
| [4-aminoquinoline-sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum in madagascar. ii. study in two regions of the east coast]. | in manakara and foulpointe (east coast of madagascar) 184 malarial patients were selected among 742 patients attending dispensaries. the 7 days in vivo tests was performed in 144 patients. 13/36 failure to alternative (10 mg/kg) and 1/61 failure to standard (25 mg/kg) chloroquine who tests were observed. 10 mg/kg oral amodiaquine failed within 7 days in 5/47 patients. the in vitro semi-microtest was performed with 27 isolates. 2/24 plasmodium falciparum isolates were chloroquino-resistant (ic50 ... | 1984 | 6398673 |
| [4-aminoquinoline-sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum in madagascar. iii. studies in three regions of the interior]. | among 273 malarial patients recruited through passive detection, 177 in vivo tests were performed in andekaleka and ankazobe and 23 in vitro tests in ifanadiana, and ankazobe (inland of madagascar). in vivo, chloroquine failed within 7 days at 10 mg/kg in 28/86 patients, at 25 mg/kg in 7/34 and amodiaquine failed in 5/55 with 10 mg/kg and in 0/14 with 25 mg/kg. in vitro, the semi-microtest revealed resistance to chloroquine of 1/23 isolates (ic50 = 750 nm/1) but high sensitivity to amodiaquine, ... | 1984 | 6398674 |
| [4-aminoquinoline-sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum in madagascar: comparison of results and epidemiological perspectives]. | | 1984 | 6398675 |
| chloroquine resistant plasmodium falciparum in sri lanka. | | 1984 | 6398762 |
| [chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria in east africa]. | | 1982 | 6762687 |
| [preliminary in vitro study of drug sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum in madagascar]. | | 1982 | 6764607 |
| [preliminary study of the prevalence of malaria infestation in the province of tamatave]. | | 1982 | 6764610 |
| chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria in madagascar and kenya. | 3 african cases of chloroquine-resistent (ri) p. falciparum malaria, proved by recrudescences after administration of recommended doses and adequate serum levels of chloroquine, are described. the 3 patients, swedish women aged 43, 27, and 41, had never visited areas where chloroquine-resistent p. falciparum is known to exist. 2 patients had taken regular prophylaxis with chloroquine, while the 3rd had interrupted chloroquine use with temporary use of pyrimethamine. all 3 were treated with ch ... | 1981 | 7030238 |
| antibodies to the 4-mer repeat of the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (pf155/resa) protect against plasmodium falciparum malaria. | to investigate the protective role of antibodies to the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (pf155/resa) epitopes against plasmodium falciparum clinical malaria, a cohort study was conducted in a malagasy village over 7 months. in the 304 individuals included, 127 experienced p. falciparum attacks of under 1500 parasites/microliters with no clinical symptoms (protected individuals) and 177 experienced at least one clinical or preclinical p. falciparum attack requiring therapy (unprotected ... | 1994 | 7515035 |
| antibodies to epitopes on merozoite and sporozoite surface antigens as serologic markers of malaria transmission: studies at a site in the dry zone of sri lanka. | antibodies against repetitive epitopes on plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax circumsporozoite (cs) proteins and epitopes on the 45-kd and 185-200-kd p. falciparum merozoite surface antigens were measured by radioimmunoassay in weheragala, a malaria-endemic site in the dry zone of sri lanka. antibodies were measured in sera collected in february at the end of the main malaria transmission season and three months later in may during the low transmission period. ninety-seven percent of the sample p ... | 1994 | 7515593 |
| lack of correlation between hla class ii alleles and immune responses to pf155/ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa) from plasmodium falciparum in madagascar. | to investigate the relationships between predominant hla class ii alleles and immune responses to the plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (pf155/resa), 50 individuals from the highlands of madagascar were followed-up from 1988 to 1991. the t cell reactivity and antibody responses to synthetic peptides (eenv)4, (eenvehda)4, and (ddehveeptva)3, representing major t and b epitopes of pf155/resa antigen, were assessed with an average of five determinations per individual ... | 1995 | 7535015 |
| antibodies to a plasmodium falciparum blood-stage antigen as a tool for predicting the protection levels of two malaria-exposed populations. | to evaluate the ability of antibodies to plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (pf155/resa) epitopes to discriminate between individuals well protected or poorly protected against malaria, a receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed in two populations living in madagascar and malawi. the definition of protection was based on longitudinal measurements of clinical malarial attacks during the season of high malaria transmission in the madagascar study, and o ... | 1995 | 7542843 |
| [study of malaria vectors in the south-west of madagascar]. | the authors describe the results of an entomological study run in december 1994 in the little town of bezaha (south-western madagascar). the observed entomological indexes are those of an intensive malaria transmission area. the authors suggest to organize a longitudinal entomological survey along with a clinical and parasitological study. they also point out the fact that they found two microfilariae wuchereria bancrofti in an anopheles funestus female. | 1994 | 7575037 |
| isotypic analysis of plasmodium falciparum-specific antibodies and their relation to protection in madagascar. | we previously reported that antibodies to the central repeat (ddehveeptva) of pf155/resa, a major plasmodium falciparum antigen, were negatively related to antimalarial protection. we measured levels of isotype antibodies to this epitope and to p. falciparum in 76 madagascan subjects. immunoglobulin g (igg) and isotype antibodies specific for p. falciparum had similar levels in individuals who were considered protected and those who were not (as determined during a longitudinal follow-up). the l ... | 1993 | 7691751 |
| plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite antibody prevalence in madagascar: a longitudinal study in three different epidemiologic areas. | a longitudinal study on the prevalence of plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite antibodies (ab-cs) was carried out in 15 villages of three epidemiologic areas of madagascar: the highlands, east coast, and the southwest region. a total of 3,967 blood samples were collected from november 1989 to april 1991 from cohorts of resident schoolchildren. the prevalence of ab-cs in the examined population varied greatly according to the different ecoepidemiologic areas of the country. a correlation analys ... | 1994 | 7810823 |
| [the value of anatomo-pathologic examination of the placenta in areas of endemic malaria and low socio-cultural levels]. | determine the sensitivity of the pathology examination of the placenta as a screening examination for malaria and the consequences of this infection on prematurity and birth-weight. | 1994 | 7822718 |
| plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission-blocking immunity under conditions of low endemicity as in sri lanka. | sera from acute primary plasmodium falciparum patients in sri lanka were tested for the presence of antibodies against gamete antigens and for their functional effects of transmission blocking activity. comparisons were made with corresponding data from a previous study from sera of patients from papua new guinea where malaria is more highly endemic. although the prevalence of anti-gamete antibodies in the two groups were broadly similar, the prevalence of infectivity suppressive effects in the ... | 1994 | 7908734 |
| cycle dna sequencing with [alpha-35s]datp demonstrates polymorphism of a surface antigen in malaria parasites from sri lankan patients. | structural diversity in a 45 kda surface antigen on plasmodium falciparum merozoites (termed gymssa, msp-2 or msa-2) and other candidate molecules for developing a malaria vaccine need to be investigated in parasites obtained directly from patients in different malaria endemic countries. a double-stranded dna sequencing method suitable for this purpose, and also for studying diversity in genes of other haploid cells, is described. a first round polymerase chain reaction (pcr) on dna isolated fro ... | 1994 | 7918680 |
| [plasmodium falciparum malaria resistant to halofantrine in madagascar. a case]. | | 1994 | 8066065 |
| in vitro and in vivo chloroquine-potentiating action of strychnos myrtoides alkaloids against chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium malaria. | crude alkaloids of strychnos myrtoides gilg & busse, empirically used as an adjuvant to chloroquine (cq) in malagasy herbal remedies, were practically devoid of intrinsic in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity. however, when combined with cq at a dose level much lower than their ic50 value, they markedly enhanced in vitro the effectiveness of the synthetic drug against a cq-resistant strain of plasmodium falciparum. they also enhanced in vivo cq activity against a resistant strain of plasmod ... | 1994 | 8134408 |
| [epidemiological data on children hospitalized with malaria from 1983 to 1992]. | authors record the manifestations on the child of the severe malaria epidemic that raged in antananarivo. using the hospitalisation registers of the debré room, pediatric service "a", at the hospital of befelatanana as source documents, they underline some points: concerning morbidity, the epidemic started in 1984, reached its highest point in 1988 (26.7%, of in patients) and began to fade away in 1992. boys and girls were equally affected, with a majority among children of 5 years old and more ... | 1993 | 8192539 |
| [epidemiological stratification of malaria in madagascar]. | madagascar is considered as a sub-region of the afrotropical geographical region in spite of the high endemicity of 95% of the invertebrates. nevertheless the three malaria vectors an. gambiae s.s., an. arabiensis and an. funestus are quite similar to those of the continental africa. this support the hypothesis of their recent introduction. plasmodium falciparum is the dominant parasite but the prevalence of p. vivax is not negligible. it is linked to the asian component of the human population. ... | 1993 | 8192542 |
| [aspects of plasmodium falciparum sensitivity to chloroquine in madagascar from 1982 to 1993]. | according to pharmaco-sensitivity studies, about 20% of local plasmodium falciparum strains showed a certain degree of resistance to chloroquine. no resistance of r3 type has never been observed. during this whole period, the decrease of sensitivity phenomenon remains stable. because of its remarkable action on parasitemia and fever, chloroquine remains the best antimalaria in simple malarial attacks in madagascar. | 1993 | 8192543 |
| sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and chloroquine resistant plasmodium falciparum infection in sri lanka. | | 1994 | 8194148 |
| plasmodium vivax malaria in sri lanka: transmission, disease and immunity. | we have established a study site in a malaria endemic region around kataragama in the south of sri lanka. a population of about 3,000 individuals in a group of villages around kataragama have been provided with access to a small field clinic enabling us to monitor aspects of malarial infection under conditions of natural transmission. at the present time, both plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax are prevalent to a similar degree although prior to about five years ago p. falciparum had bee ... | 1993 | 8233604 |
| [evolution of plasmodium falciparum drug sensitivity in madagascar from 1982 to 1993 and operational consequences]. | madagascar was one of the first african countries with reported chloroquine drug resistance of p. falciparum. suspected as early as 1975, it was confirmed in 1981. hereafter, regular tests in vivo and in vitro have been performed and allow for a study of drug resistance development. in 742 standard in vivo tests at the dose of 25 mg/kg of chloroquine that were executed between 1983 and 1993, r i resistance levels could be found in 8.5% of cases, r ii was found in 8.2%. no resistance at r iii lev ... | 1993 | 8292914 |
| evaluation of a nonisotopic dna assay kit for diagnosing plasmodium falciparum malaria in madagascar. | this study evaluated a nonisotopic dna assay kit for diagnosing plasmodium falciparum malaria in an area of madagascar where all plasmodium species of human malaria are present and where malaria is endemic. blood samples from 440 healthy children and 20 healthy adults were processed and assayed in a single day in a blind protocol. the parasitemia levels of the four plasmodium species were determined by microscopic examinations and by counts of numbers of malaria parasites per 1,000 white blood c ... | 1993 | 8447525 |
| human immune responses to the plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (pf155/resa) after a decrease in malaria transmission in madagascar. | a resurgence of falciparum malaria occurred in the central highlands of madagascar in the 1980s and was responsible for an outbreak in 1986-1987. since 1989, transmission has decreased dramatically. in april 1991, we investigated the humoral and cellular immune responses of 53 inhabitants of the village of manarintsoa to six synthetic peptides that reproduced the major b and/or t cell epitopes of the pfl 55/ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa) of plasmodium falciparum. the presence o ... | 1993 | 8470778 |