| chloroquine resistance in plasmodium falciparum in natal. | out of 110 cultures of plasmodium falciparum obtained from infected patients in natal 18 were found to be resistant to chloroquine by in vitro tests: 2 cultures showed schizont development in wells containing 24 pmol chloroquine; in 16 schizont development was present in culture wells containing 48 pmol chloroquine. seventy-two patients with p. falciparum malaria who apparently did not respond to adequate oral chloroquine therapy were investigated. all responded to one or more treatments with py ... | 1987 | 3317936 |
| in vitro chloroquine-resistant plasmodium falciparum malaria in the natal/kwazulu area. | blood samples from 77 patients with plasmodium falciparum malaria resident in the natal/kwazulu area, were tested for chloroquine resistance by an in vitro microtechnique; 6 of these patients were infected by asexual parasites which proved resistant in varying degrees to chloroquine. resistance, expressed in terms of picomoles chloroquine base per well in which schizont development was completely inhibited, ranged from 16 pmol to greater than 24 pmol. on the evidence it would appear likely that ... | 1985 | 3904037 |
| morbidity from falciparum malaria in natal/kwazulu. | plasmodium falciparum malaria is endemic in the northern kwazulu areas of south africa. the clinical morbidity produced by this parasite has not been studied since the institution of the present malaria control programme. fifty-nine patients were prospectively studied at a peripheral clinic during the peak malaria season; symptoms and signs of the infection, parasite loads, haemoglobin values and leucocyte counts were recorded in all patients. haemoglobin and leucocyte counts were also measured ... | 1993 | 8451685 |
| severe and complicated malaria in kwazulu-natal. | to describe severe and complicated malaria, including the common complications, causes of death and predictors of poor outcome. | 1996 | 8764419 |
| chloroquine-resistant isolates of plasmodium falciparum with alternative cg2 omega repeat length polymorphisms. | a particular polymorphism in the cg2 gene has previously been linked to chloroquine resistance in reference isolates of plasmodium falciparum. to assess the association of this polymorphism with chloroquine resistance in field specimens of p. falciparum, we analyzed the omega repeat region of the cg2 gene in 47 isolates of p. falciparum collected in the ingwavuma district of northern kwazulu-natal, south africa. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers, which were designed to amplify the region o ... | 2000 | 10813472 |
| patterns in age-specific malaria incidence in a population exposed to low levels of malaria transmission intensity. | the population of the northern part of the province of kwazulu natal in south africa has experienced low levels of malaria transmission intensity for many years. we investigated the widely held assumption that individuals in this population do not develop clinical tolerance to infection with plasmodium falciparum. we calculated malaria incidence rates by 5-year age groups from a comprehensive small area malaria reporting system and from national census data for the period from mid-1990 to mid-19 ... | 2001 | 11737835 |
| studies on the antiplasmodial properties of some south african medicinal plants used as antimalarial remedies in zulu folk medicine. | the parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pldh) assay method, a recently developed in vitro enzymatic method for evaluating antimalarial compounds, was used to examine the antiplasmodial activities of the aqueous leaf, stem-bark and fruit extracts of some plants used for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of malaria in kwazulu-natal province of south africa. the in vitro antiplasmodial assay was carried out using a chloroquine-sensitive strain of malarial parasite, plasmodium falciparum d10. a prelimina ... | 2002 | 12428427 |
| antifolate antimalarial resistance in southeast africa: a population-based analysis. | sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine was first introduced for treatment of malaria in africa during the early 1980s for cases when chloroquine treatment failed, and has since become the first-line treatment in many countries. resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is now increasing, especially in southeast africa. | 2003 | 12686039 |
| childhood malaria in a region of unstable transmission and high human immunodeficiency virus prevalence. | malaria and hiv are important pediatric problems in sub-saharan africa. it is uncertain how hiv-related immunosuppression and malaria interact in children. we aimed to describe associations among hiv status, presentation and outcome from malaria in children from hlabisa district, kwazulu-natal, south africa, a region of high hiv prevalence and unstable plasmodium falciparum transmission. | 2003 | 14688565 |
| polyuria in association with plasmodium falciparum malaria in a region of unstable transmission. | during a recent epidemic of plasmodium falciparum malaria in hlabisa district, kwazulu natal, polyuria was recognized in a subset of adults presenting to hospital with severe disease. in january to may 2000, following consent, cases of severe malaria provided blood spots for hiv testing, clinical data, and blood and urine samples for investigation of the polyuria. four hundred and eleven adults with malaria were admitted, of whom 175 had severe malaria and 37 had polyuria (21% of severe cases). ... | 2004 | 15049465 |
| effect of artemether-lumefantrine policy and improved vector control on malaria burden in kwazulu-natal, south africa. | between 1995 and 2000, kwazulu-natal province, south africa, experienced a marked increase in plasmodium falciparum malaria, fuelled by pyrethroid and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance. in response, vector control was strengthened and artemether-lumefantrine (al) was deployed in the first ministry of health artemisinin-based combination treatment policy in africa. in south africa, effective vector and parasite control had historically ensured low-intensity malaria transmission. malaria is dia ... | 2005 | 16187798 |
| indoor collections of the anopheles funestus group (diptera: culicidae) in sprayed houses in northern kwazulu-natal, south africa. | insecticide resistance in malaria vector mosquitoes presents a serious problem for those involved in control of this disease. south africa experienced a severe malaria epidemic during 1999/2000 due to pyrethroid resistance in the major vector anopheles funestus. subsequent monitoring and surveillance of mosquito populations were conducted as part of the malaria vector control programme. | 2007 | 17359529 |
| asymptomatic malaria in refugees living in a non-endemic south african city. | asymptomatic malaria infection in refugees is both a threat to the lives of the individuals and the public in the host country. although south africa has been experiencing an unprecedented influx of refugees since 1994, data on malaria infection among refugees is lacking. such information is critical since south africa is among the countries that have planned to eliminate malaria. the objective of this study was to determine prevalence of asymptomatic malaria infection among a refugee population ... | 2014 | 25237812 |
| assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine in the treatment of uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria in northern kwazulu-natal: an observational cohort study. | recent malaria epidemics in kwazulu-natal indicate that effective anti-malarial therapy is essential for malaria control. although artemether-lumefantrine has been used as first-line treatment for uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria in northern kwazulu-natal since 2001, its efficacy has not been assessed since 2002. the objectives of this study were to quantify the proportion of patients treated for uncomplicated p. falciparum malaria with artemether-lumefantrine who failed treatment aft ... | 2012 | 23272998 |