| [pulmonary function in norwegian farmers keeping domestic animals]. | in a group of farmers keeping domestic animals, all pulmonary function tests, except for pef, showed lower values than in a norwegian reference population. spirometric values for fvc, fev1, and pef were higher among pig farmers than among other farmers. poultry farmers had lower values of pef compared to other farmers. one third of all farmers had values of fef25-75% that were depressed more than 20%, possibly indicating that the smaller, more peripheral airways more frequently are affected than ... | 1996 | 8658475 |
| levels of ochratoxin a in blood from norwegian and swedish blood donors and their possible correlation with food consumption. | blood levels of ochratoxin a were determined in 406 scandinavian blood donors (206 from oslo, norway, and 200 from visby on the island of gotland, sweden), using an hplc method. in connection with the blood collection, the subjects were asked to fill in a food questionnaire to obtain individual dietary information relevant to ochratoxin a exposure. the mean plasma level of ochratoxin a was 0.18 ng/ml in oslo and slightly higher, 0.21 ng/ml (p=0.046) in visby. there was no correlation between pla ... | 2001 | 11696389 |
| an evaluation of the norwegian salmonella surveillance and control program in live pig and pork. | population data and apparent prevalence data from the salmonella surveillance and control program in pigs (nsscp) from 1998 and 1999 were used in a simulation model to evaluate the efficacy of the program. the model consists of three parts: modelling of individual prevalence at the abattoir (abattoir part), modelling of the number of sampled herds of different sizes when carcasses are randomly sampled at the abattoir (sampling strategy part) and finally, modelling of the within herd prevalence ( ... | 2002 | 11843400 |
| brucellosis in the european union and norway at the turn of the twenty-first century. | control and eradication programs of brucellosis in cattle, sheep, goats and pigs have been more or less successfully implemented within the member states (ms) of the european union (eu) and norway after word war ii. as a result, the epidemiological situation of animal brucellosis is extremely diverse among different ms or regions within a ms and among the different animal species. some ms, mainly north european countries, and norway are declared "officially bovine brucellosis free" and/or "offic ... | 2002 | 12414139 |
| within-sample and between-sample variation of antimicrobial resistance in fecal escherichia coli isolates from pigs. | the present study was initiated to evaluate the effect of sampling time and within-sample variability on the diversity in antimicrobial resistance patterns in fecal escherichia coli from healthy pigs. isolates were tested against 11 antimicrobials. a total of 25 different profiles were observed, involving resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and/or a trimethoprim/sulfonamide combination. no isolates were resistant to enrofloxacin, gentamicin, or chlor ... | 2002 | 12523637 |
| the prevalence of, associations between and conjugal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in escherichia coli isolated from norwegian meat and meat products. | to investigate the distribution of, associations between and the transferability of antimicrobial resistance genes in resistant escherichia coli strains isolated from norwegian meat and meat products. | 2006 | 16931539 |
| characterization of sulphonamide-resistant escherichia coli using comparison of sul2 gene sequences and multilocus sequence typing. | the sul2 gene encodes sulphonamide resistance (sul(r)) and is commonly found in escherichia coli from different hosts. we typed e. coli isolates by multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and compared the results to sequence variation of sul2, in order to investigate the relation to host origin of pathogenic and commensal e. coli strains and to investigate whether transfer of sul2 into different genomic lineages has happened multiple times. sixty-eight e. coli isolated in denmark and norway from diffe ... | 2009 | 19246754 |
| infection with ovine herpesvirus 2 in norwegian herds with a history of previous outbreaks of malignant catarrhal fever. | infection with ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2) in healthy cattle, swine, sheep, and goats was investigated on 43 selected norwegian farms; of which, 41 (95%) had experienced outbreaks of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in cattle and/or swine during the preceding 5 years. two of the farms had no history of mcf and were included for control purposes. blood samples from 384 cattle, 40 sows, 75 sheep, and 4 goats were examined for ovhv-2 by polymerase chain reaction assay (pcr) and for antibodies using ... | 2009 | 19286510 |
| combining information from surveys of several species to estimate the probability of freedom from echinococcus multilocularis in sweden, finland and mainland norway. | the fox tapeworm echinococcus multilocularis has foxes and other canids as definitive host and rodents as intermediate hosts. however, most mammals can be accidental intermediate hosts and the larval stage may cause serious disease in humans. the parasite has never been detected in sweden, finland and mainland norway. all three countries require currently an anthelminthic treatment for dogs and cats prior to entry in order to prevent introduction of the parasite. documentation of freedom from e. ... | 2011 | 21314948 |
| new probes used for is1245 and is1311 restriction fragment length polymorphism of mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis isolates of human and animal origin in norway. | mycobacterium avium is an environmental mycobacterium that can be divided into the subspecies avium, hominissuis, paratuberculosis and silvaticum. some m. avium subspecies are opportunistic pathogens for animals and humans. they are ubiquitous in nature and can be isolated from natural sources of water, soil, plants and bedding material. isolates of m. avium originating from humans (n = 37), pigs (n = 51) and wild birds (n = 10) in norway were examined by is1245 and is1311 rflp using new and spe ... | 2007 | 17335590 |
| [an outbreak of yersinia enterocolitica o:9-infection]. | yersiniosis is a zoonosis that is transmitted from pigs to humans. in january 2006 more cases of yersinia enterocolitica enterocolitis than expected were reported in norway. the fact that the isolates belonged to the o:9 serogroup, which is rare in norway, and the geographical and temporal clustering of the cases, pointed to an outbreak. we have conducted a retrospective study of 11 patients who were diagnosed during this outbreak. | 2007 | 17332812 |
| occurrence of cryptosporidium and giardia in suckling piglets in norway. | faecal samples from 684 litters of suckling piglets from 100 indoor swine herds from all regions of norway were examined for the presence of cryptosporidium and giardia, using sucrose gradient flotation concentration and immunofluorescent staining. thirty-one (31%) herds and 57 (8.3%) litters tested positive for cryptosporidium, while 10 (1.5%) litters in 10 different herds (10%) tested positive for giardia. molecular characterisation of nine cryptosporidium isolates demonstrated both c. suis an ... | 2007 | 17123737 |
| use of a novel serum elisa method and the tonsil-carrier state for evaluation of mycoplasma hyosynoviae distributions in pig herds with or without clinical arthritis. | a novel indirect elisa test using deoxycholate extracted antigens coated onto a hydrophobic polystyrene surface for measurement of serum antibodies specific for mycoplasma hyosynoviae was developed. sensitivity and specificity of the test were found to be superior to previous elisas as tested on porcine serum following experimental mycoplasma infections as well as by analysis of samples from one danish herd known to be free of m. hyosynoviae and samples from two norwegian herds without clinical ... | 2005 | 16171955 |
| intra-operative visualisation of 3d temperature maps and 3d navigation during tissue cryoablation. | thermotherapeutic tools are increasingly used for tissue ablation, although the intra-operative monitoring is not adequate for such procedures. this is a main challenge for more extensive use of any ablative technique. the present work focuses on treatment of hepatic tumours by cryo therapy. for any thermotherapeutic tool there are specific thermal conditions that have to be met to ensure treatment adequacy. a software tool was made to calculate and visualise 3d temperature distributions during ... | 2005 | 15996854 |
| do farming exposures cause or prevent asthma? results from a study of adult norwegian farmers. | a protective effect of endotoxin exposure on atopy and asthma in farmers' children has been postulated. studies of adult farmers have shown conflicting results but often lack exposure data. the prevalence of asthma in farmers with different exposure levels to microbial agents and irritant gases was compared. | 2004 | 15115863 |
| secular changes in tooth size and dental arch dimensions in the mixed dentition. | secular changes in the mixed dentition were studied. permanent tooth size and dental arch dimensions were examined in norwegian children born in the 1960s and 1980s, swedish children born in the 1960s and 1980s, norwegian sami children born in the 1980s, and a sample of norwegian skulls dating from the 14th to the 19th century. the norwegian sami children were nomadic in the summertime. a sample of pigs was studied before and after a maceration process to determine what dimensional changes might ... | 2003 | 12737091 |
| influenza a pandemics of the 20th century with special reference to 1918: virology, pathology and epidemiology. | influenza a virus initiated worldwide epidemics (pandemics) in 1918, 1957, 1968 and 1977. a revised calculation of the 1918-1919 pandemic estimates that 40 million persons died and 500 million were infected. the mortalities in 1957 and 1968 were nearly 6 million. biological and genetic characteristics of the causative agents of the more recent pandemics, have been well studied but little is known about the causative agent of the great pandemic in 1918. genetic characterisation of the 1918 virus ... | 2000 | 10713598 |
| sources of sporadic yersinia enterocolitica infections in norway: a prospective case-control study. | yersinia enterocolitica is a recognized cause of gastroenteritis in northern europe. during october 1988-january 1990, a prospective case-control study was performed to address risk factors associated with sporadic y. enterocolitica infections in southeastern norway. sixty-seven case-patients (mean age 23.4 years, range 8 months-88 years) and 132 age-, sex- and geographically-matched controls were enrolled in the study. multivariate analysis of the data showed that persons with y. enterocolitica ... | 1994 | 8119353 |
| [respiratory tract symptoms among farmers keeping animals in midt-norge]. | in this survey from central norway, the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in a representative sample of 1,580 farmers who kept domestic animals was compared with the prevalence of such symptoms among 655 controls, both sexes included. the farmer group experienced more symptoms that were exacerbated by work than the controls did (mucous membrane irritation 19% versus 10%, tightness in the chest 7% versus 4%, dyspnoea 4% versus 1% and cough with phlegm 25% versus 22%). no difference could be foun ... | 1995 | 7676414 |
| prevalence of antibodies to yersinia enterocolitica o:3 among norwegian military recruits: association with risk factors and clinical manifestations. | igg antibody activity to yersinia enterocolitica serogroup o:3 was detected in sera from 56 (7.4%) of 755 norwegian military recruits, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the highest prevalence was found among recruits from oslo city (12/56, 21.4%). the recruits answered a questionnaire which covered demographic data, specific exposures, and clinical information. the following risk factors were found to be independently associated with igg activity in logistic regression analysis: receiv ... | 1994 | 7672058 |
| use of nitrates and nitrites as food additives in nordic countries. | an account is given of the presently permitted use of nitrates and nitrites as food additives in denmark, finland, norway and sweden. nitrate permitted to be added to milk for the production of solid, semisolid and mould cheeses at levels of 150-200 mg/l potassium nitrate. due to the potential formation of especially nonvolatile n-nitroso compounds, attempts are made to reduce their use. nitrates, but not nitrites, are still permitted in certain semipreserved fish products (herring) in denmark, ... | 1980 | 7192376 |
| an abattoir survey of pneumonia and pleuritis in slaughter weight swine from 9 selected herds. iii. serological findings and their relationship to pathomorphological and microbiological findings. | blood samples from 777 pigs, originating from 9 different herds, were collected at slaughter and examined for antibodies to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and actinobacillus (haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae by the indirect hemagglutination assay (iha) and the complement fixation (cf) test, respectively. results were compared to pathological and microbiological findings. antibodies to m. hyopneumoniae in positive titers of 1/80 or higher were found in 62% of the samples. the relationship between positive ... | 1991 | 1950854 |
| renal lesions in norwegian slaughter pigs. macroscopic and light microscopic studies. | six hundred and sixty-eight consecutive carcasses of slaughtered swine were examined for renal lesions at meat inspection. the macroscopic lesions were divided into 7 categories: d1 = depressions of the external surface and partial persistence of fetal lobation; d2 = focal leukolymphocytic nephritis (acute focal tubulo-interstitial nephritis); d3 = cysts; d4 = interstitial fibrosis; d5 = infarct-like lesions; d6 = fatty degeneration, and d7 = hydronephrosis. 396 (59.3%) of the examined carcasses ... | 1992 | 1455926 |
| Production traits of litters in 2 crossbred Duroc pig lines. | Genetics of different pig lines affects litter size, birth weight, and neonatal losses. Low birth weight has long been associated with neonatal losses, but piglet body mass index is reported to show stronger correlation with stillbirth. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in litter size, number of stillborn piglets, piglet BW gain, and body mass index between 2 different Duroc crossbred lines. Landrace × Yorkshire sows in 2 farms (n = 89) were divided into 2 groups on each farm. ... | 2011 | 21856900 |
| detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus sequence type 8 in pigs, production environment, and human beings. | two follow-up studies of a positive methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) finding in the 2008 european union baseline survey on mrsa in pig herds were performed to gain more knowledge about the epidemiology of the particular mrsa type, a known human type (st8/t008), among pigs. two persons on a norwegian farm in the study were found to be mrsa carriers, and human-to-animal transmission was suspected. in the first follow-up study, all pigs (n ôçè=ôçè 346) were sampled by taking nasal ... | 2011 | 21398461 |
| norwegian consumers' acceptability of boar tainted meat with different levels of androstenone or skatole as related to their androstenone sensitivity. | the aim of work was to study norwegian consumers' acceptance of pork meat with different levels of skatole and androstenone. one group of androstenone sensitive consumers (n=46) and one group of non sensitive consumers (n=55) participated in a home test and evaluated 11 samples with different skatole (range 0-0.35 ppm) and androstenone (range 0-9.0 ppm) levels. liking of odour during frying and odour and flavour of the fried meat were evaluated. results showed that the non sensitive consumers ac ... | 2010 | 20615617 |